Question

Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.

It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical twins, they will very probably be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.

Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.

1.Which of these sentences best describes the writer’s point in Paragraph 1?

A. To some extent, intelligence is given at birth.

B. Intelligence is developed by the environment.

C. Some people are born clever and others born stupid.

D. Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment.

2.It is suggested in this passage that ________ .

A. unrelated people are not likely to have different intelligence

B. close relation usually have similar intelligence

C. the closer the blood relationship between people, the more different they are likely to be in intelligence

D. people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence

3.The phrase “at random” (Line 3, Para.2) means ________ .

A. purposely B. regularly

C. independently D. aimlessly

4.The best title for this article would be ________ .

A. What Does Intelligence Mean?

B. We are Born with Intelligence

C. On Intelligence

D. Environment Plays a Part in Developing Intelligence

Answer 1

1.D

2.B

3.D

4.C

【解析】

試題分析：文章主要講的是人的智力。許多專家現(xiàn)在持有的觀點是，智力的極限是由先天決定的，但能否達(dá)到極限則取決于后天的生活環(huán)境。

1.小題1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thus the limits of person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.”可知，一個人的智力在出生時就固定了，但能否達(dá)到極限，要視后天的環(huán)境而定，故選D。

2.2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be intelligence”可知，兩個人的血緣關(guān)系越近，他們的智力水平越接近，故選B。

3.3】猜測詞意題。由第二段第二句可知，血緣關(guān)系接近的人，他們的智力水平也較接近，那么，從居民中隨機(jī)抽取兩個人的話，他們的智力可能會完全不同。由此可知，劃線短語是“隨機(jī)、隨意”的意思，故選D。

4.題4】選擇最佳標(biāo)題。根據(jù)第一段“Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience?”和第二段“It is easy to show that intelligence is to...”與第三段“and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part.”可知，文章主要講的是智力，專家持有的觀點是，智力的極限是先天決定的，而能否達(dá)到極限，取決于后天的環(huán)境，故選C。

考點：科學(xué)類短文閱讀