【題目】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

In the distant past, friend relied on each other for their survival. They hunted together and defended each other against【1】(danger) animals and enemies. In those days, if you didn’t have a friend, you would either starve, be eaten【2】killed. Nowadays, friendship isn’t【3】(exact) a matter of life and death. However, friendship is still of great importance and not having a friend is something to be【4】(concern) about. Most people look upon friends as someone they can depend on when they are going【5】times of trouble. In such times, friends provide them with emotional support and sometimes financial help. It is in these troubled times【6】they find out who their true friends are. As an old saying【7】(go), in times of prosperity, friends will be plenty; in times of【8】(suffer), not one in twenty. And there is another saying【9】says you can hardly make a friend in a year, but you can easily upset one in an hour. So do your best to get along with and be grateful to all those【10】are willing to side with you even when you are in the wrong as they are true friends and they are not easily come by.

【答案】

【1】dangerous

【2】or

【3】exactly

【4】concerned

【5】through

【6】that

【7】goes

【8】suffering

【9】that\which

【10】who\that

【解析】試題分析：本文介紹朋友的重要性。

【1】dangerous 形容詞修飾名詞，故填dangerous。

【2】or 句意：你將要么餓死，被吃，要么被殺。Either...or...要么……，要么……，故填or。

【3】exactly 副詞修飾整個(gè)句子，故填exactly。

【4】concerned 固定搭配：be concerned about對(duì)……牽掛，故填concerned。

【5】through 固定詞組：go through經(jīng)歷，故填through。

【6】that 此處是強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，故填that。

【7】goes 表示“正如諺語(yǔ)所說(shuō)”。用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，故填goes。

【8】suffering 表示“面對(duì)著痛苦”。in times of doing sth.，故填suffering。

【9】that/which saying作先行詞，后面是定語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少主語(yǔ)和引導(dǎo)詞，故填that/which。

【10】who/that all those作先行詞，指人，后面是定語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少主語(yǔ)和引導(dǎo)詞，故填who/that。

【知識(shí)拓展】

強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的用法

在英語(yǔ)中，我們常用It is/was… who/that結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)突出強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一成分(一般是句子中主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))。在這個(gè)句型中，it沒(méi)有詞匯意義，只是引出被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分。如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分是表示人的詞，用who或that來(lái)連接都可以。如果是其它成分，則一律用that來(lái)連接。It is my mother who/that cooks every day.是我的媽媽每天做飯；It was yesterday that Tom passed in the maths exam.是昨天湯姆通過(guò)了數(shù)學(xué)考試。

1.被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是主語(yǔ)，who/that之后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上與原句中的主語(yǔ)保持一致。It is I who am right.It is he who is wrong. It is the students who are lovely.

2.即使被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是句子中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，原因狀語(yǔ)等，也不能用when，where, because，要用 that.

It was because of the heavy rain that he came late.是因?yàn)榇笥晁t到了。

3.被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用who。lt was the things and people that they remembered that they were talking about.

4.區(qū)分定語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型某些定語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型形式差不多，容易混淆。如果去掉it is/was ...that句子仍然通順成立，則為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，不成立不通順，則為定語(yǔ)從句。

It was three years ago that he went to American for a further study去掉It was that句子為Three years ago he went to America for a further study.句子通順，意思完整，那么，這就是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。

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