Question

【題目】Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that some portion of their self-esteem (自尊心) comes from the approval of others. This instinct is why the approval of peers, and the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many people’s lives.

Despite the most common associations with the term peer, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends do extremely well in academics may be obliged to study harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence may even get a friend off drugs, or help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study groups, class projects, and even book clubs are examples of positive peer groups, that encourage people to better themselves.

However, for certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction. In order to fit in, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong. Groups of children may join in bullying (欺凌) newcomers in school. Teens and young adults may feel obliged to use drugs or alcohol, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to resist the temptation to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to keep up with the Joneses.

There is no question that some people are more easily affected by peer pressure than others. Being self-aware is at the root of managing this type of pressure. “Going with the flow,” is not always a bad thing, but as each individual is still responsible for the consequences, it is important to be a thinking participant in the decision.

Answer 1

【答案】To seek social approval is the source of peer pressure Positive peer pressure pushes people to do better academically and athletically because peers either set good examples or create uplifting environment. However, peer pressure sometimes makes people lose moral principles and turn to illegal activities like bullying or selling drugs. Raising self-awareness may help fight against negative peer pressure.

【解析】

本篇書面表達屬于概要寫作。用不超過60個單詞的篇幅概括短文的大意和要點。

一、寫作步驟：

（1）細讀原文。首先要仔細閱讀短文，掌握文章主旨和結構，明確各段的大意。

（2）弄清要求。概要寫作是寫全文概要，不是寫某一部分的概要，或者就某些問題寫出要點。

（3）列出原文要點。分析原文的內容和結構，將內容分項扼要表述并注意在結構上的順序。在此基礎上選出與文章主題密切相關的部分。

二、在寫作時要特別注意下面幾點：

（1）概要應包括原文中的主要事實，略去不必要的細節(jié)。

（2）注意要點之間的銜接，要用適當?shù)年P聯(lián)詞語貫通全文，切忌只簡單地寫出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每兩句之間都加關聯(lián)詞語，以免顯得生硬。

（3）不排斥用原文的某些詞句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的話語表達，至少對原文句子做一些同義詞替換，如果結構上也能有一些轉換會更好。

（5）計算詞數(shù)，看是否符合規(guī)定的詞數(shù)要求。