Question

【題目】 Empathy (同理心)is one of those strange qualities—something almost everyone wants, but few know how to truly give or receive it. In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.

What Is Empathy?— Many people confuse sympathy and empathy, but they are two distinct values. Empathy is not just the ability to understand someone's feelings; criminals often take advantage of people by appearing to understand their feelings and subsequently gaining their trust. Empathy is more than that. Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels, but it also values and respects the feelings of another person. It means treating others with kindness, dignity, and understanding.

Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy—While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them. It begins with the way parents relate to their children. Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy.

Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive. An empty jug cannot fill a cup.

It's a good idea to talk to kids about emotions and how other people experience them. Give their emotions names (for example, jealousy, anger, and love) and teach them that these are normal. Talk to them about how to handle emotions in a positive way and point out situations where other people are experiencing emotions. Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to act in a situation where a response is required.

【1】Why is it that the next generation are taught to have empathy?

A.Because people tend to center themselves.B.Because everyone lacks empathy.

C.Because empathy is a strange quality.D.Because it's better to give than to receive.

【2】Which situation can empathy be used in?

A.When a mathematician is calculating the area of a farmland.

B.When a teacher is comforting a student about his failure in exams.

C.When a criminal is cheating a victim.

D.When a dancer is dancing to music.

【3】What does the underlined sentence "An empty jug cannot fill a cup" mean?

A.An empty jug is too small to hold a cup.

B.It's a must to talk to kids about emotions.

C.Adults should set an example to kids.

D.Kids give empathy with their emotional needs met first.

【4】What is the main topic of the passage?

A.How to train kids to have empathy.

B.How to distinguish sympathy and empathy.

C.How to help kids finish empathy-related tasks.

D.Whether kids can be trained to be more empathetic.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了在一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)自我滿足的世界里，我們更有理由教導(dǎo)下一代，對(duì)周圍的人抱有同理心意味著什么。同時(shí)說明了同理心的含義，以及如何培養(yǎng)孩子的同理心。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.（在一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)自我滿足的世界里，它供不應(yīng)求。因此，我們更有理由教導(dǎo)下一代，對(duì)周圍的人抱有同理心意味著什么）可知，下一代人被教導(dǎo)要有同理心，因?yàn)槿藗兺�往以自己為中心。故選A。

【2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them.（雖然有些孩子天生就有一顆善良的心，但在大多數(shù)情況下，孩子們需要看到他們周圍成年人的同情心）可知，B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)老師安慰學(xué)生考試不及格時(shí)”符合同理心使用的情況。故選B。

【3】詞義猜測(cè)題。結(jié)合上文Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive.（滿足情感需求——當(dāng)孩子們的情感需求得到滿足時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)生兩件事。他們學(xué)習(xí)如何滿足他人的情感需求，他們被錨定在他們所接受的東西上，這意味著當(dāng)需求出現(xiàn)時(shí)，他們有足夠的安全感去給予他人，但首先他們需要接受）可知，要想孩子們有同理心，必須首先滿足他們自己的情感需求。故D選項(xiàng)符合劃線句子的含義。故選D。

【4】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.（ 因此，我們更有理由教導(dǎo)下一代，對(duì)周圍的人抱有同理心意味著什么）以及文章主要內(nèi)容為如何教導(dǎo)孩子擁有同理心客棧，故A選項(xiàng)“如何培養(yǎng)孩子的同理心”符合文章主題。故選A。