Vending machines （投幣式自動售貨機） are found in 16% of U．S．elementary schools, 52% of middle schools and 88% of high schools．About 22% of students in grades 1 through 12 buy food in vending machines each day—and those purchases added an average of 253 calories to their diets, according to a new study in the September issue of the Journal of School Health．
Just to be clear, those were not 253 calories' worth of tofu, yogurt or carrot．The most popular vending machine items included soft drinks, candy, chips, crackers, cookies, cakes and ice cream．On the plus side （好的方面）, kids also bought low-fat milk, fruit juice and even fruit, the study found．
But the eventual effect on kids' diets was not good．Those who bought from vending machines ate an average of 156 grams of sugar per day, compared with 146 grams for those who abstained （節(jié)制）．They also consumed less fiber, iron and vitamin B．
One silver lining: Vending machine customers ate 4% less sodium （鈉） than other students--an average of 3,287 milligrams per day compared with 3,436 mg for those who didn't buy from vending machines．That's probably because the extra snacks made kids too full to eat as much at mealtimes, when dishes are especially Salty．In any event, kids should eat no more than 1,200 to 1,500 mg of sodium each day, according to the Mayo Clinic．Even for adults, the government recommends a daily limit of 2,300 mg．
Overall, vending machines in school appear to be a threat to children's health．The researchers calculated that all that snacking adds up to about14 extra pounds per child per school year．For some students this might be a serious contributor to weight issues．The study was based on data collected from 2,309 children nationwide for the third School Nutrition Dietary Assessment Study, which was
conducted by the U．S．Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Service．
小題1:The students using vending machines take in less of all the following EXCEPT ．
A．sugar B．fiber C．vitamin D．iron
小題2:The underlined words “One silver lining” mean “      ”．
A．a(chǎn) discouraging condition at present
B．a(chǎn) bright side of a difficult situation
C．a(chǎn)n urgent warning from health experts
D．a(chǎn)n increasing concern from the public
小題3:Why do kids buying food from vending machines take less salt probably?
A．They prefer less salty food．
B．They have formed healthy eating habits．
C．They eat less food at mealtimes．
D．They take less junk food as snacks．
小題4:What's the purpose of the text?
A．To teach children a balanced diet．
B．To introduce the finding of a new study．
C．To remind parents of children's health．
D．To tell the history of vending machines．

小題1:A
小題2:B
小題3:C
小題4:B
文章講述的是新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)自動販賣機的使用會導(dǎo)致學(xué)生卡路里的攝入，
小題1:事實細節(jié)題，根據(jù)第三段Those who bought from vending machines ate an average of 156 grams of sugar per day, compared with 146 grams for those who abstained （節(jié)制）．They also consumed less fiber, iron and vitamin B可知，
小題2:推理判斷題，根據(jù)該段的Vending machine customers ate 4% less sodium （鈉） than other students--an average of 3,287 milligrams per day compared with 3,436 mg for those who didn't buy from vending machines和第三段的內(nèi)容可知，此處表示的是由好的一方面的影響
小題3:事實細節(jié)題，根據(jù)第四段That's probably because the extra snacks made kids too full to eat as much at mealtimes, when dishes are especially Salty可知
小題4:推理判斷題，根據(jù)第一段可知，文章主要是介紹了這種新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

You've heard of the fat suit and the pregnancy suit；now meet AGNES—the old person suit．
AGNES stands for “Age Gain Now Empathy(換位體驗) System” and was designed by researchers at MIT's AgeLab to let you know what it feels like—physically—to be 75 years old．“The business of old age demands new tools，”said Joseph Coughlin，director of the AgeLab．“While focus groups and observations and surveys can help you understand what the older consumer needs and wants，young marketers never get that‘Ah ha!’moment of having difficulty opening a jar, or getting in and out of a car．That’s what AGNES provides．”
Coughlin and his team carefully adjusted the suit to make the wearer just as uncomfortable as an old person who has spent a lifetime eating poorly and not doing much exercise．Special shoes provide a feeling of imbalance，while braces on the knees and elbows limit joint mobility．Gloves give the feeling of decreased strength and mobility in the hands and wrists，and earplugs make it difficult to hear high—pitched sounds and soft tones．A helmet with straps(帶)attached to it presses the spine(脊柱)，and more straps attached to the shoes decrease hamstring flexibility, and shortens the wearer's step．
AGNES has been used most recently by a group of students working on a design of an updated walker．By wearing the suit they could see for themselves what design and materials would make the most sense for a physically limited older person．Coughlin said the suit has also been used by clothing companies，car companies and retail goods companies to help them understand the limitations of an older consumer．
“AGNES is not the destiny of everybody,” he said．“She is a badly behaved lady who didn't eat and exercise very well．A secondary benefit we’ve found with AGNES is that it has become a powerful tool to get younger people to invest in their long-term health．”
小題1:AGNES has been developed to       ．
A．make the users more comfortable
B．1et us understand old people better
C．help old people move more quickly
D．produce new tools for the old-age business
小題2:“An updated walker”(underlined)most likely refers to    ．
A．someone who travels a lot
B．a(chǎn) physically limited old person
C．some equipment that helps old people walk
D．a(chǎn) company whose service involves old people
小題3:Which may be a fact resulting from the “secondary benefit” of AGNES?
A．Young people respect old people．
B．Old-age business improves their service
C．Old people eat and exercise well．
D．Young people eat and exercise well．

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Mexico's neighbours are the United States to the north and Guatemala and Belize to the south. Mexico is about one quarter of the size of the United States. Mexico has more than ninety million people. The language of Mexico is Spanish. This makes Mexico the world's largest Spanish-speaking country.
Mexico City is the capital and largest city of Mexico. The city is also very high. It is 7349 feet high (2240 metres). This makes it one of the highest capital cities in the world. The population, of Mexico City grows bigger every day. About thirty million people live there. It has more people than any other city in the world, even more than Tokyo.
Mexico also has its specialities. Many of the foods we eat started in Mexico. Foods like beans, maize, avocados, tomatoes, peanuts, chili peppers, vanilla, and chocolate come from Mexico. Mexico is also famous for its cactus (仙人掌) plants. Mexico has more kinds of cactus than any other country.
小題1:Mexico is ____the USA.
A. on the south of     B. on the north of    
C. a part of      D. as large as
小題2:Mexicans speak______.
A．EnglishB．Spanish C．FrenchD．Latin(拉丁語)
小題3:Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Mexico City is the capital of Mexico.
B．The population of Mexico City is 30,000,000.
C．Tokyo is one of the cities with the largest population.
D．Mexico City is the highest city in the world.
小題4:Tomatoes were originally (最初) grown in ______.
A．America B．SpainC．TokyoD．Mexico
小題5:The best title (題目) of the passage is ___.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Although April did not bring us the rains we all hoped for, and although the Central Valley doesn’t generally experience the sound and lightning that can go with those rains, it’s still important for parents to be able to answer the youthful questions about thunder and lightning.
The reason these two wonders of nature are so difficult for many adults to explain to children is that they are not very well understood by adults themselves. For example, did you know that the lightning we see flashing down to the earth from a cloud is actually flashing up to a cloud from the earth? Our eyes trick us into thinking we see a downward motion when it’s actually the other way around. But then, if we believed only what we think and we see, we’d still insist that the sun rises in the morning and sets at night.
Most lightning flashes take place inside a cloud, and only a relative few can be seen jumping between two clouds or between earth and a cloud. But, with about 2,000 thunderstorms taking place above the earth every minute of the day and night, there’s enough activity to produce about 100 lightning strikes on earth every second.
Parents can use thunder and lightning to help their children learn more about the world around them. When children understand that the light of the lightning flashing reaches their eyes almost at the same moment, but the sound of the thunder takes about 5 seconds to travel just one mile, they can begin to time the interval (間隔) between the flash and the crash to learn how lose they were to the actual spark (閃光).
小題1:According to the author, in the area of the Central Valley____.
A．rains usually come without thunder and lightning.
B．it is usually dry in April
C．children pay no attention to the two natural wonders.
D．parents are not interested in thunder and lightning.
小題2:We believe that lightning is a downward motion because_______.
A．we were taught so by our parents from our childhood.
B．we are taken in by our sense of vision.
C．it is a common natural sight.
D．it is a truth proved by science.
小題3:What is TRUE about lightning according to the passage?
A．Only a small number of lightning flashes occur on earth.
B．Lightning flashes usually jump from one cloud to another.
C．Lightning travels 5 times faster than thunder.
D．There are far more lightning strikes occurring on earth than we can imagine.
小題4:The underlined word “activity”  is most closely related to the word (s) _____.
A．cloudB．lightning strikesC．lightning flashesD．thunderstorms
小題5:It can be concluded from the passage that _______.
A．we should not believe what we see or hear.
B．things moving downward are more noticeable.
C．people sometimes may have wrong ideas about ordinary phenomena.
D．a(chǎn)dults are not as good as children in observing certain natural phenomena.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Scientist Says ‘No’ to Human Cloning
“I’ve never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from his lab at Texas A&M University. “It’s a stupid endeavor.”
That’s an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two cows and a cat.
They just might succeed in cloning Missy soon — or perhaps not for another five years.
Westhusin's experience with cloning animals leaves him upset by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missy project, using hundreds upon hundreds of dog's eggs, the A&M team has produced only a dozen or so embryos carrying Missy's DNA. None have survived the transfer to a surrogate（代孕的）mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted(流產(chǎn)，發(fā)育不全) fetuses（胎）may be acceptable when you're dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans. “Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous,” he says.
Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusin's phone has been ringing with people calling in hopes of duplicating their cats and dogs, cattle and horses. “A lot of people want to clone pets, especially if the price is right,” says Westhusin. Cost is no obstacle for Missy's mysterious billionaire owner; he's put up $3.7 million so far to fund A&M's research.
Contrary to some media reports, Missy is not dead. The owner wants a twin to carry on Missy's fine qualities after she does die. The prototype（原型；雛形）is, by all accounts, athletic, good-natured and supersmart. Missy's master does not expect an exact copy of her. He knows her clone may not have her temperament（氣質(zhì)、性情）. In a statement of purpose, Missy's owner and the A&M team say they are “both looking forward to studying the ways that her clones differ from Missy.”
Besides cloning a great dog, the project may contribute insight into the old question of nature vs. nurture. It could also lead to the cloning of special rescue dogs and many endangered animals.
However, Westhusin is cautious about his work. He knows that even if he gets a dog pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems~ “Why would you ever want to clone humans,” Westhusin asks, “when we're not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?”
小題1:By “stupid endeavor”, Westhusin means to say that ________.
A．human cloning is a foolish undertaking
B．a(chǎn)nimal cloning is absolutely impractical
C．human cloning should be done selectively
D．a(chǎn)nimal cloning is not worth the effort at all
小題2:What does the first paragraph tell us about Westhusin's dog cloning project?
A．Its success is already in sight.
B．It is progressing smoothly.
C．It is doomed to utter failure.
D．Its outcome remains uncertain.
小題3:By cloning Missy, Mark Westhusin hopes to ________.
A．study the possibility of cloning humans
B．search for ways to modify its temperament
C．find out the differences between Missy and its clones
D．examine the reproductive system of the dog species
小題4:We learn from the passage that animal clones are likely to have ________.
A．a(chǎn) bad temper
B．defective（有缺陷的、有毛病的）organs
C．immune deficiency
D．a(chǎn)n abnormal shape

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Smart phones that react to your moods and televisions that can tell it’s you who’s watching are in your future as Intel Corporation’s top technology expert sets his sights on context-aware computing.
Chief technology officer Justin Rattner showed how personal devices will one day offer advice. “How can we change the relationship so we think of these devices not as devices but as assistants or even companions?” he asked.
Handheld devices could combine already common geographic location technology with data from microphones, cameras, heart and body monitors and even brain scans to offer their owners advice that today only a friend or relative could give.
“Imagine a device that uses a variety of sensors to determine what you are doing at an instant, from being asleep in your bed to being out for a run with a friend, ” Rattner said, “Future devices will constantly learn about who you are, how you live, work and play.’’
Rattner also demonstrated a television remote control that figures out who is holding it based on how it is held, and then learns the viewer’s entertainment preferences.
As the world leader for decades in microchips for servers and desktop computers, Intel is hurrying to catch up in the profitable market for smart phones like Apple’s iPhone and Research in Motion’s Blackberry.
Telephones with e-mail, global positioning and media players are pointing the way to a future where ever more functions are packed into ever smaller mobile devices.
The smart phone industry, including technology giants like LG and Samsung, is likely to sell 270 million phones this year and grow 25 percent in 2011, according to market research company IDC.
“I think you can expect to see features that support context-aware computing starting to appear in Intel products in the near future,” Rattner said.
But analysts say Intel faces an uphill battle getting its microchips into new phones as Nvidia, Marvell and Qualcomm have already made headway with cheap, lower-power processors based on designs by ARM Holdings.
Rattner recognized that questions about privacy and people’s willingness to be intimate with their computers will have to be settled before the future generation of smart phones he described takes off.
“If you think identity threat is a problem today, imagine when your whole context is readily available on the Net.”, he said.
小題1:The future smart phones can do all of the following except _______.
A．giving responses to the moods of the owners
B．giving proposals like assistants or companions
C．offering advice to their owners’ friends or relatives
D．telling the phone holders or carriers where they are
小題2:Which of the following are smart phones according to the passage?
A．iPhone and BlackberryB．LG and Samsung
C．Marvell and QualcommD．Nvidia and ARM Holdings
小題3:From the passage we can infer that _______.
A．Intel Corporation has become the world leader in the smar tphone market
B．Intel Corporation has fallen behind in the profitable market for smart phones
C．more functions packed into mobile phones will make mobile devices larger
D．the smart phone industry is likely to grow 25 percent in the year of 2011
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The butterfly Ecological Park, which opened early this May, is located in Dabao Village in Longfeng Township of Pengzhou City, some 65 kilometers to the north of Chengdu downtown.
The park, covering an area of 67 hectares, is more famous for a variety of butterflies living in lush surroundings and houses a collection of some 30,000 butterfly species. An ideal site for parents and kids alike to enjoy the sight of “the flying flowers” and the ecological area.
A great variety of butterflies live in China, and Sichan and Yunnan are rich in butterfly resources. At present, 702 species have been discovered in Sichuan, where the number of butterfly species equals to the total of Europe. In the Longmen Mountain of Pengzhou City alone, there are more than 500 species.
The butterfly Ecological Park, a project of RMB200 million at the foot of the Longmen Mountain, is the natural habitat of butterflies. The park also has educational and cultural programs. The park has prepared many spring and summer activities for visitors, including a scientific exhibition about butterflies, a “butterfly valley” where visitors can have a close look at butterflies, even with them resting on the shoulders, and enjoy themselves in activities designed for children.
Tourists can enjoy the splendid scenery of thousands of butterflies at the “butterfly valley” and appreciate more than 30,000 different kinds of butterfly species at the exhibition area. Classified as the only category I butterfly species the Wild Animal Protection Law in 1989 in China, the Golden Kaiserihind is the most expensive species living in “butterfly valley”, with an estimated value of RMB10,000 each.
小題1:What does the underlined word “l(fā)ush’in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A．subtle B．rich C．grateful D．sensitive
小題2:The author mentioned Europe in the essay to _______?
A．stress that Sichuan has plenty of butterfly resources.
B．state that a large number of butterflies live in Europe.
C．tell readers that more than 500 species of butterflies live in Europe.
D．emphasize that Europe is less famous than the Longmen Mountain.
小題3:Why is The butterfly Ecological Park situated at the foot of the Longmen Mountain?
A．Because the park has educational and cultural programs.
B．Because the park has prepared many spring and summer activities.
C．Because visitors can have a close look at butterflies in the park.
D．Because butterflies of various species can live there naturally.
小題4:The Golden Kaiserihind in the last paragraph is probably ________.
A．a(chǎn) splendid sceneryB．a(chǎn) butterfly valley
C．a(chǎn)n estimated valueD．a(chǎn) butterfly species

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Memory is the ability to keep track of things that have happened in the past. Memory really is learning. One needs memory to ride a bicycle. A dog needs to remember if it is to come when called.
Memory is said to be stored in the brain as a “memory trace（記憶痕）.” What makes up this trace is not known. Some scientists believe that certain chemical substances may carry certain memories. For example, one substance, when given to rats, causes them to fear the dark.
Other research into memory has to do with how the brain works. Psychologists use three means to find out how a person remembers. For example, give a person a grocery list. Let the person memorize the list, then put it away. The most natural way to find out how much a person remembers of the grocery list is to ask what he or she remembers. This is called the method of recall. Another method is called recognition. Give the person another grocery list. Ask him or her to choose items on the first list from the items that are on only the second list. Often a person will be able to recognize things that he or she cannot recall. A third method of finding how much a person remembers is called relearning. Here the person is asked to read over the first list. The person will probably learn the list the second time faster than he did the first time. The difference in the time it takes to relearn the list is thought of as a measure of how much a person has remembered.
One way of remembering something is to repeat it many times. Interest is very important. Boring lists of facts are much more difficult to remember than something that we understand and are interested in. Motivation, or wanting to do something, is also important. Motivation is linked with reward. For example, a hungry animal quickly learns how to do something if that action gets the animal food. In humans, wanting to learn is often motivation. The praise of a teacher or the knowledge that an answer is correct is rewarding.
小題1:We can learn from the 2nd paragraph that ___________       .
A．bad memories may cause rats to fear the dark
B．it is hard to tell what a memory trace consists of
C．chemical substances carry certain memories
D．memory is stored in the brain as a substance
小題2:The way to pick out the items on the first list from the second is known as ________ .
A．recognitionB．recallC．memorizationD．relearning
小題3:What is considered as a measure of how much one has remembered?
A．The length of the list.
B．The type of list items.
C．The time difference of relearning.
D．The time difference of brain working.
小題4:A good way to train an animal to do something quickly is to ________.
A．make the action easyB．praise it in words
C．reward it with foodD．weaken its motivation

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


What’s the most important thing for you to have in your life? Somebody mentions hard-work, others suggest knowledge, love and luck.
If you arrange the 26 English letters alphabetically(按字母表的順序)and use numbers to represent each of them, for example, 1 for a, 2 for b, 3 for c…, you can change an English word into a number. So hard-work becomes 8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11="98," meaning 98 is its mark; knowledge: 11+14+15+23+12+5+4+7+5="96," while love :12+15+22+5="54," and luck : 12+21+3+11="47," a small mark. None of these words can give one a full mark. What about money or prayer(祈禱)? They can’t , either.
Then what else? Don’t be worried. You can always find an answer to a problem in your life, when you change your way of looking at things or doing things, or your attitude(態(tài)度).Yes, attitude is the word. See for yourself: attitude:1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5=100，a full mark.
Different attitudes lead to different courses of life. Most times people hope for a better life. It is possible that one will have a change for the better after one has changed one’s attitude.
When you change your manner and became friendly towards others, you’ll meet more smiling faces towards you. In the same way, if you take a positive(積極地)attitude towards failure(失敗),you’ll find it’s also rewarding though it has caused you losses.
小題1:In the writer’s opinion , what is the most important things in a person’s life?
A．Hard-work.B．Knowledge.C．Money.D．Attitude.
小題2:According to the passage, if you meet with problems, the best way out is to _________.
A．a(chǎn)sk for help from othersB．say your prayers to God
C．change your attitudeD．try maths-solving methods
小題3:From the passage we can learn that ______________.
A．diffrent attitudes come from different courses of life.
B．mathematics can solve every problem easily in our daily life
C．failure sometimes can bring you good if you take a positive attitude
D．none of the English words except “attitude” equals to 100 or more

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