Question

【題目】When will a plant be considered a weed? Experts have a simple answer: when the undesirable qualities outweigh (勝過，強過) the good qualities. Crops generally produce several hundred seeds from each plant. By comparison, each weed plant can produce tens or even hundreds of thousands of seeds. And some buried seeds can survive up to forty years or even longer. Eradicating weeds means that you have to remove all the seeds and roots so the weeds will die completely. But birds or the wind can reintroduce them to the land.

A common way to deal with weeds is to control them enough so that the land can be used for planting. Experts suggest using more methods to deal with weeds. Chemical weed killers or natural treatments like corn gluten (玉米麩) can suppress weed growth. Bill Curran is a professor of weed science. He says the most efficient method for suppressing weeds is dense planting. Dense planting of a crop can also act as a natural control. A dense and competitive crop that quickly shades the soil will help suppress many weeds. The weed seeds need light to grow, so cutting off sunlight will reduce weed growth.

Other controls include turning over the soil, pulling the weeds or covering them with mulch (地膜) made of wood, garden waste or other materials. But even mulch has its limits. Natural resource specialists point out that weeds can be transported in mulch. This is also true of soil, grain, hay and animals. Yet animals like sheep or goats eat weeds, so they can provide a biological control. Insects and other organisms can also act as biological controls.

Preventing the spread of weeds is an important part of weed management. Farm vehicles should be kept out of areas with weeds. If that is not possible, then clean off the equipment and your shoes when leaving. Some people bum weeds or bury them deep. Experts say the economical way is to make organically rich compost (有機堆肥). On the one hand, the process produces heat which can kill many weed seeds. On the other hand, the compost can be added to the soil to help plants grow.

【1】Why do people kill all the seeds and roots of weeds?

A. Because the seeds and roots are bad in quality.

B. Because weeds have strong ability to live.

C. Because weeds take up too much space.

D. Because the seeds and roots will be eaten by birds.

【2】Which of the following methods of eradicating weeds can work best?

A. Chemical weed killers.

B. Putting the com gluten in the field.

C. Dense planting.

D. Making use of mulch.

【3】How does dense planting affect weeds?

A. The crops grow stronger than weeds.

B. The crops grow deeper in the soil.

C. The crops block sunlight the weed seeds need.

D. The crops compete with weeds for shade.

【4】What can we infer from the passage?

A. The weeds will surely die under mulch.

B. The buried weed seeds can’t come out.

C. Farm vehicles should be used to kill weeds.

D. People can make good use of weeds properly.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】

【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文章。告訴人們要根除雜草就必須除掉雜草所有的種子和根系，把雜草的生長環(huán)境徹底破壞掉，這樣雜草才不會再次長出來。你知道常見的處理雜草的方式有哪些嗎？

【1】B。考查推理判斷。從文章第一段Crops generally produce several hundred seeds from each plant. By comparison, each weed plant can produce tens or even hundreds of thousands of seeds. And some buried seeds can survive up to forty years or even longer. Eradicating weeds means that you have to remove all the seeds and roots so the weeds will die completely. 可知，每株農(nóng)作物通常產(chǎn)生幾百顆種子。而相比之下，每株雜草能產(chǎn)生數(shù)萬甚至數(shù)十萬顆種子。而且，一些被埋在地里的種子可以存活40年乃至更久。要根除雜草意味著你必須除掉所有的種子和根系，這樣雜草才會徹底死亡。由此可推測，雜草的生命力很強。故答案選B。

【2】C。細節(jié)理解題。從文章第二段Bill Curran is a professor of weed science. He says the most efficient method for suppressing weeds is dense planting可知，Bill Curran是一位雜草學(xué)教授。他說，密集種植是抑制雜草最有效的方法。所以答案選C。

【3】C。細節(jié)理解題。從文章第二段A dense and competitive crop that quickly shades the soil will help suppress many weeds. The weed seeds need sunlight to grow, so cutting off sunlight will reduce weed growth可知，密集種植中具有競爭力的作物會很快遮蔽土壤，這將有助于抑制雜草的生長。因為雜草種子的生長需要陽光，所以遮蔽陽光能夠抑制雜草生長。所以答案選C。

【4】D。推理判斷題。綜合分析文章各處及最后一段可知：專家說，最經(jīng)濟的辦法是將雜草制成有機堆肥。一方面，制造有機堆肥的過程會產(chǎn)生熱量，這些熱量會殺死雜草種子。另一方面，這些堆肥可以施在土壤里幫助作物生長。故答案選D。