Just when scientists think they have discovered and recorded every species of insect that crawls the earth they find something new. Earlier this month, Peter Jager, the head of Frankfurt’s Senckenberg Research Institute reported the discovery of a unique eyeless spider.
The creature that has a leg span (跨度) of six centimeters and a body size of just twelve millimeters was found in a cave inside the tiny nation of Laos, in Southeast Asia. It was identified as a member of the Huntsman spider, a large family that consists of 1100 species. However, the other members of the family all have eyes. The spider is the first one that has no eyes. They believe that the kind of spider has adapted to the fact that they do not really need the eyes to such a degree that they have dispensed with them altogether.
But they are not the only creature to have done that. Over the years, scientists have discovered completely blind cave fish, and even a freshwater crab, which happens to live in the same cave as this eyeless spider!
Surrounded by Burma and China on the northwest, Vietnam on the east, Cambodia on the south and Thailand on the west, the landlocked nation of Laos is filled with a large number of new and exotic (新奇的) species. In the last few years researchers have discovered the Saola—never-before-seen antelope-like creature, a small deer species called muntjacs, a tiny stripped rabbit and a rock rat that was thought to have been extinct 11 millions years ago. In addition to that it is also home to over one hundred species of large mammals ranging from tigers to macaques and over 165 species of amphibians (兩棲動(dòng)物) and reptiles like the terrible King cobra and the noisy Tokay gecko, a permanent resident inside most Laos households.
64. 小題1:Which of the following is the best title of passage?
A．Laos full of a large number of exotic species
B．Laos popular with plenty of strange species
C．Every species of insect discovered and recorded by scientists
D．World’s first eyeless spider discovery in Southeast Asia.
65. 小題2:What does the second paragraph mainly tell us about the unique eyeless spider?
A．The eyesight, identification and family members.
B．The size, identification and the reason for being eyeless
C．The body, species and living environment
D．The size, identification and the species
66. 小題3:The underlined part “dispensed with” (in 2nd Para) means _________.
A．got rid of B．put up withC．carried awayD．taken no notice of

小題1:D
小題2:B
小題3:A

試題分析：本文主要講述的是最新發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種新型的沒(méi)有眼睛的蜘蛛以及在老撾所發(fā)現(xiàn)的另外一些特殊的物種。
小題1:D 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容Just when scientists think they have discovered and recorded every species of insect that crawls the earth they find something new. Earlier this month, Peter Jager, the head of Frankfurt’s Senckenberg Research Institute reported the discovery of a unique eyeless spider.可知本文主要講述的是最新發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種新型的沒(méi)有眼睛的蜘蛛。故D正確。
小題2:B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)本段第一句和最后一句The creature that has a leg span (跨度) of six centimeters and a body size of just twelve millimeters was found in a cave inside the tiny nation of Laos
They believe that the kind of spider has adapted to the fact that they do not really need the eyes to such a degree that they have dispensed with them altogether.可知本段主要講述的是這種動(dòng)物的大小尺寸以及為什么會(huì)沒(méi)有眼睛，故B正確。
小題3:A 推理題。根據(jù)本句They believe that the kind of spider has adapted to the fact that they do not really need the eyes to such a degree that they have dispensed with them altogether可知這種動(dòng)物生活在黑暗之中，他們已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了黑暗的生活環(huán)境，不需要使用雙眼了。故A正確。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文主要講述的是最新發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種新型的沒(méi)有眼睛的蜘蛛以及在老撾所發(fā)現(xiàn)的另外一些特殊的物種。
考查科普類短文閱讀，此類文章的最大的障礙是詞匯以及考生對(duì)閱讀內(nèi)容的不熟悉，需要考生在閱讀的時(shí)候有足夠的耐心。要養(yǎng)成在上下文串聯(lián)中猜測(cè)詞義的能力，根據(jù)上下文中出現(xiàn)的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞，以及詞義的解釋來(lái)理解生詞。同時(shí)要抓住文章的中心，不要受其他信息的影響。要根據(jù)題目及選項(xiàng)以及文章的上下文串聯(lián)合理的判斷推理。
練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Looking for a new weight loss plan? Try living on top of a mountain. Mountain air contains less oxygen than air at lower altitudes, so breathing it causes the heart to beat faster and the body to burn more energy. A handful of studies have found that athletes training at high altitudes tend to lose weight. Doctor Florian Lippl of the University Hospital Of Ludwig-Maximilians-university Munich wondered how the mountain air would affect overweight individuals if they weren’t doing any more physical activity than usual.
Lippl and his colleagues invited 20 overweight men to an environmental research station about 300 meters below the summit of Zugspitze, a mountain around 2,970 meters near the Austrian border. They were allowed to eat as much as they liked. The men also gave blood so that researchers could test for hormones linked to appetite and fatness. At the end of the week, the men, whose mean weight starting out was 105kg, had lost on average about l.5kg. The men’s blood pressure also dropped, which the researchers believed was due to weight lost.
Exactly what caused the weight loss is uncertain. Loss of appetite is common at higher altitudes, and indeed the men ate significantly less than usual—about 700 calories fewer per day. Lippl also notes that because their consumption was being recorded, they may have been more self-conscious about what they ate. Regardless, eating less accounts for just l kg of the l.5 kg lost, says Lippl. He thinks the increased metabolic (新陳代謝的) rate, which was measured, also contributed to weight loss but cannot separate the different effects with the given data.
Appetite loss at high altitudes could certainly be key, notes Damian Bailey, a physiologist at the University of Glamorgan, UK, who recently lost 11 kg during a 3-month expedition to the Andes in Chile.   
Unfortunately, for the average person there is no treatment that can resemble living at high altitude, says Lippl. The only alternative is hypobaric chamber, which exposes subjects to low oxygen and isn’t practical as a treatment. He says, half- jokingly, “If fat people plan their holidays, they might not go to the sea, but maybe to the mountain.”
小題1:What contributes the most to one’s heart rates according to the first paragraph?
A．our bodyweightB．the consumption of energy
C．the rates of our breathingD．the amount of oxygen provided
小題2:Hormones are tested in the research because they can affect ______.
A．one’s bodyweightB．one’s blood pressure
C．one’s way of livingD．one’s metabolic rate
小題3:What was found about the 20 overweight men in the process of the research?
A．They controlled what to eat self-consciously.
B．They took in much fewer calories than usual.
C．They lost appetite because of lack of physical activity.
D．They were provided with a healthier diet than before.
小題4:Why does Damian Bailey agree with the idea of appetite loss at high altitudes?
A．He experimented with the new weight loss plan in the Andes.
B．He found no other reasons for his loss of weight in the Andes.
C．He researched the related subject in the Andes.
D．He lost much weight in the high altitude Andes.
小題5:In what manner does Lippl talk about the way of losing weight by spending holidays on mountains?
A．casualB．inaccurateC．uncertainD．confident

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

We can express our feelings and needs by using body language. Cats can do that too. The ways that cats use their tails to show their feelings and needs are interesting.
Unlike dogs, which generally wave their tails to express good feelings, cats use their tails to send a lot of signals. When a cat waves its tail strongly from side to side, it may be a sign for us to leave it alone, or we may get scrathed (抓傷). Throwing a little toy for the cat to play with can get it relaxed. When a cat holds its tail upwards with a slight move, it means the animal is very happy to see its owner.
We all like to cuddle (依偎) inside our bed, and cats do that thing, too. Much as little children like to wrap (用……纏繞) their arms around their Teddy Bears, cats like to wrap their own tails around their bodies to get a sense of safety while asleep. If we notice a cat sleeping in such a position, we should not break its peace.
Usually the tip of the cat’s tail doesn’t draw our attention. But its particular position may also show the cat’s feelings. For example, a cat holding the tip of its tail pointed downwards may try to say that it is not feeling comfortable. So at this point, the cat not only feels angry, but also unsafe. This may again be a sign for us not to upset the cat in any way.
In conclusion, cats use their tails in many different, sometimes funny ways to send us messages, and we can learn to know more.
小題1:According to the text, in which way are cats different from dogs?
A．Cats draw more attention from humans than dogs.
B．Cats are friendlier to humans than dogs.
C．Cats have more feelings than dogs.
D．Cats show more feelings with tails than dogs.
小題2:When a cat waves its tail strongly from side to side, it probably feels    .
A．safeB．sleepyC．a(chǎn)nxiousD．hungry
小題3:A cat wraps its tail around its body when sleeping to      .
A．get its tail well relaxedB．get a sense of safety
C．show friendship to its ownerD．warn strangers to keep off
小題4:What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us?
A．A cat can use its tail tip to show its feelings.
B．We should pay attention to the tip of a cat’s tail.
C．Why a cat holds the tip of its tail pointed downwards
D．A cat has many ways to express its feelings

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

International experts meeting in Australia say global carbon emissions (排放) can be reduced by more than 50 percent through simple energy saving measures. People at a conference in Australia, which increasingly relies on coal for power, say that reducing power consumption is an affordable way to both cut energy costs and reduce pollution.
While many nations turn to cheap and dirty energy sources, such as coal, to meet their increasing energy needs, analysts in Australia say the best way to meet those needs is to improve energy efficiency.
A range of simple solutions include using energy-efficient homes, household appliances and lighting, and driving electric cars. Encouraging homeowners and office workers to switch off their televisions and computers at the end of the day is also seen as an effective way to save electricity.
Grayson Heffner, from the Paris-based International Energy Agency, says reducing consumption could greatly cut global carbon emissions. He calls efficiency strategies (策略) the “soft giant” of clean energy.
“We forecast that energy efficiency will deliver something like three-quarters of the greenhouse gas emissions reductions over the next 20 years. So in the short term energy efficiency is the main way that we reduce greenhouse gas emissions but oftentimes it is not so importantly stressed in the discussions,” said Heffner.
Energy experts working in China say the government is making significant cuts in power usage.
Wan Xingwang, a Beijing-based representative of the Energy Foundation, a U.S. non-government organization, says the results have been impressive.
“In the past five years China achieved about 19.1 percent of energy reduction of its GDP. That translates to something like more than 600 million tons of coal savings,” said Wan Xingwang.
While most nations have some sort of government-sponsored energy efficiency programs, energy analysts say initiatives (主動(dòng)性) by individuals and companies can also help cut demand.
Steven Nadel, executive director of the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy, a non-profit group based in Washington, says other developing nations are recognizing the benefits of cutting power consumption and taking action.
小題1:To increase their energy supplies, many nations _____________________.
A．turn to new energyB．turn to cheap energy
C．develop solar energyD．introduce clean energy
小題2:Which of the following cannot help to reduce energy consumption effectively?
A．Using electronic products in small size.
B．Using more electric cars.
C．Turning off computers after work.
D．Building energy-efficient houses.
小題3:What can we learn from what Grayson Heffner said?
A．75% of the greenhouse gas emissions can easily be cut in the next 20 years.
B．Ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions should be discussed.
C．Using clean energy is the strategy to cut global carbon emissions.
D．The key to reducing greenhouse gases in the short term is to improve energy efficiency.
小題4:According to the last two paragraphs, which of the following statements is true?
A．The programs reducing energy consumption shouldn’t be sponsored by individuals and companies.
B．All nations have government-sponsored energy efficiency programs.
C．It is time that all nations should combine their efforts to save energy.
D．Some developing nations are taking action to cut power consumption.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In a great many cities, hundreds of people ride bicycles to work every day. In New York City, some bike riders have even formed a group called Bike for a Better City. They declare that if more people rode bicycles to work, there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown part of the city and so less dirty air from car engines.
For several years this group has been trying to get the city government to help bicycle riders. For example. They want the city to draw special lanes for bicycles only on some of the main streets, because when bicycle riders must use the same lanes as cars, there are accidents. Bike for a Better City feels that if there were special lanes, more people would use bikes.
But no bicycle lanes have been drawn. Not everyone thinks it is a good idea-they say it will slow the traffic. Some store owners on the main streets don’t like the idea-they say that if there is less traffic, they will have less business.
The city government has not yet decided what to do. It wants to keep everyone happy. On weekends, Central Park-the largest place of open ground in New York-is closed to cars, and the roads may be used by bicycles only. But Bike for a Better City says that this is not enough and keeps fighting to get bicycle lanes downtown.
小題1:In New York, a group of bike riders ________.
A．a(chǎn)re keeping practicing for health
B．have no cars of their own
C．a(chǎn)re complaining there are not enough buses
D．a(chǎn)re trying to settle the problem of air pollution
小題2:The advantage of the special lanes is that ________.
A．they will make cars and buses run slowly
B．they will make it easier for bike riders to go to parks
C．they will make the city more beautiful
D．the lanes will prevent accidents
小題3:The government has not decided whether special lanes should be drawn _______.
A．so that everyone is disappointed
B．because there are different opinions
C．because most people travel by train
D．because Bike for a Better City is not strong enough
小題4:Cars are not permitted to enter Central Park on weekends _________.
A．so that Bike for a Better City is pleased
B．so that everyone is happy
C．a(chǎn)nd bicycle lanes are drawn
D．but Bike for a Better City is still not satisfied

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Many parents have learned the hard way that what sounds like open communication is often the very thing that closes a youngster’s ears and mouth. One common mistake is the Lecture, the long monologue that often starts with “When I was your age….” Eighteen-year-old Kelly calls lectures “l(fā)ong, one-side discussions in which I don’t say much.”
Kids reflexively（條件反射地） shut down in the face of a lecture. Their eyes glaze over, and they don’t register any incoming information. Listen to 13-year-old Sarah describe her least favorite times with her mom and dad. “First, they scream. Then comes the ‘We’re so disappointed’ speech. Then the ‘I never did that to my parents’ lecture begins. After that, even if they realize how ridiculous they sound, they never take it back.”
Lines like “When you have children of your own, you’ll understand” have been seriously said by parents since time immemorial. But many of our expert parents, like Bobby, a registered nurse and mother of three, feel that by falling back on clichés（陳詞濫調(diào)）to justify our actions, we weaken our position.
Since kids are creatures of here and now, the far-off future has no relevance to them. Therefore, good communicators like Bobby suggest, “Give specific reasons for your actions in present language: ‘I’m not letting you go to the party because I don’t think there will be enough adult supervisions（監(jiān)護(hù)）.’”
Betty, who lives in Missiouri, uses an indirect approach. “I find that warnings are accepted more readily if I discuss a news article on a subject I am concerned about. My husband and I talk about it while our children absorb the information. Then they never think I’m preaching(布道).”
This really helped when Betty’s kids began driving. Instead of constantly repeating “Don’t drink; don’t speed,” she would talk about articles in the paper and express sympathy for the victims of a car crash. Betty made no special effort to draw her kids into the conversation. She depended on a teenager’s strong desire to put in his opinions---especially if he thinks he isn’t being asked for them.
小題1:The purpose of the passage is to _________.
A．compare two ways of parents` communicating with their kids
B．explain why kids won’t listen to their parents
C．give parents advice on how to communicate with their kids
D．introduce kids` reaction to the communication between them and their parents
小題2:Which of the following statements is NOT right?
A．Kids won’t listen to their parents because they think what their parents say is boring.
B．Kids don’t like any discussion at all.
C．Some kids think their parents should apologize when they are wrong.
D．Many kids think they have no right to express their own opinions.
小題3: What does the underlined word in the first paragraph mean?
A．討論B．對(duì)話C．插話D．獨(dú)白
小題4:Which of the following topic may appeal to kids?
A．Something related to kids’ present life
B．Kids possible life in the future
C．Parents` own experience
D．What parents have done to their own parents.
小題5:In order to make kids follow their advice, parents should______.
A．tell their kids to listen carefully
B．a(chǎn)rouse kids’ desire to express themselves.
C．list out as many examples as possible
D．set out their warnings directly

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Here is some news of the future.
March 20, 2035
There was a lot of news around the life extension drugs that hit the market a decade ago. They didn't promise that you would like forever, but they gave you a chance to extend your life an extra five to ten years. Even though the life expectancy rate at birth has increased greatly, the life expectancy for seniors hasn't improved that much. Basically, you have a greater chance to become a senior, but you will not have a much longer lifespan, and this is where the anti-aging drugs intend to kick in. So, do the anti-aging drugs work? Well，it is too early to tell. But the sales so far are very good.
April 19, 2035
Of the total US population of 378 million, people over 65 years of age now make up 20% for the first time. The senior ratio of only 4.1% by year 1900, and 12.4% 30 years ago.
The number of people above 65 compared to those of what is considered working ages, between 15 and 64, is currently 33.7%. This is up from 18.5% since year 2005, which means that for every retired person there are now two workers, compared to four workers 30 years ago. The number of people above the age of 80 has grown to 23.8 million, making them 6.3% of the total population compared to 3.6% in 2005.
April 12, 2040
Although introduced in the market only five years ago, 10% of all hydrogen fuel now sold in the US is of the environmentally friendly Re-Hydro label, produced through eletrolysis(電解) based on a source of 100% renewable energy. Several producers have turned to producing Re-Hydro, mainly because of lower tax, which also keeps the price of Re-Hydro on the same level as regular hydrogen. Most analysts believe that Re-Hydro will be the dominating fuel in the future.
小題1:According to News 1 we know that the life extension drugs ____.
A．were first sold in the year 2025.
B．a(chǎn)re made to make people live forever.
C．should be taken when people are young.
D．have greatly increased the life expectancy rate at birth.
小題2:The sales of the life extension drugs so far clearly show that_____.
A．people have no faith in them
B．people want to give them a try
C．they work very well for seniors
D．they have no effect on people’s health
小題3:What can we learn from News 2?
A．Many Americans will find it hard to find a job.
B．It’s very hard for seniors to pass the age of 80.
C．The US population has been increasing rapidly since 2005.
D．The US population has been aging rapidly since 2005.
小題4:We can know from the passage that the fuel of the Re-Hydro label is ______.
A．expensiveB．cheapC．greenD．dangerous
小題5:What can we infer from News 3?
A．Re-Hydro will be widely used in the future.
B．The government discourages the production of Re-Hydro.
C．Producers are not interested in producing Re-Hydro.
D．Re-Hydro is more expensive than regular hydrogen.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

We use an average of 158 liters of water a day in Britain, for which we pay a bargain price of 28p a liter, but much of this is just cash down the drain, according to water companies.
Most are campaigning to cut the amount we use. And the frontline weapon in their campaign is the water meter (計(jì)量器). They want us all to have one and one company is seeking powers to make this compulsory.
The Government is anxious for us to use less water, too. Elliot Morley, the Environment Minister, says he is impressed by the savings when a meter is installed. In most homes, consumption drops by 20 percent.
He also thinks consumers get a good deal from meters. He said, “Most people would find that they would either be exactly the same or better off with water meters and it is a fairer way of paying for water.”
At present, only 25% of households have meters and most of those are in East Anglia. They are installed by water companies, and households then have about ￡43 added to each bill to cover the cost of installing and reading the meter.
Barrie Clarke, a spokesman for Water UK, said, “We want everyone to be more water wise—to think about the amount of water they use. But with our climate change and different weather patterns, over time it will make economic and environmental sense to think how we use water. This may mean meters.”
Mr. Clarke believes the easiest way to save water is to use less in the garden. In one hour, a sprinkler uses the same amount of water as the average family of four uses in a day—about 632 liters. He said that gardeners should water in the evening so that it dose not evaporate in the heat of the day and that every household should have a water butt to collect rainwater for use in the garden.
小題1:Which of the following is NOT the advantage of installing water meters?
A．Water consumption drops.
B．It’s fairer to pay for water.
C．They’re installed for free.
D．People are more water wise.
小題2:The passage implies that ________.
A．water meters are welcome by British people
B．people will be better off with water meters
C．everyone has become wiser to use water now
D．saving water is both good to economy and environment
小題3:How many liters of water does an average family of four use in a day after installing a meter in Britain?
A．a(chǎn)bout 126 litersB．a(chǎn)bout 158 liters
C．a(chǎn)bout 506 litersD．a(chǎn)bout 632 liters
小題4:The underlined word “evaporate” in the last paragraph means _________.
A．change into steam and disappears
B．a(chǎn)bsorb the heat of the day
C．sink into the soil
D．turn into ice
小題5:According to Mr. Clarke, some good ways to save water are as follows EXCEPT ________.
A．using less on the garden
B．using a sprinkler
C．watering in the evening
D．gathering rainfall for garden use

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Scientists in Colombia have trained a team of rats to help remove land mines from the countryside. Land mines are small bombs hidden in the ground and designed to explode(爆炸) when someone steps on them.
When trained, the rats can smell special metals in the mines and then signal(發(fā)信號(hào)) to their human team. Then why use rats for such an important job?
In the past, dogs have been used to find bombs. Rats have a good sense of smell and can respond to orders, just like dogs do. But rats are much lighter than dogs. They stand less of a chance of setting off the mines, which explode under a certain amount of weight. What’s more, the best rats are cheaper to keep than dogs. It costs about the same amount of money to take care of one dog as it does 70 rats.
The rats have already been used in Tanzania, an African country with many land mines. Luisa Fernanda Méndez and her team in Colombia are training the even lighter Wistar rats. These are the white rats with red eyes that scientists often use in laboratory experiments. “They even train their babies to perform their jobs, which saves us a lot of time, ” Méndez said.
Colombia has the second-highest rate(比率) of deaths from land mine accidents in the world. Last year, land mines killed 695 people — 56 of whom were children. A criminal group called the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, or FARC, as well as other organizations, have placed the mines. FARC are strongly against Colombia’s government. The group has placed mines all around its own bases and in many places in the countryside.
In the past, the Colombian government hired peasants and poor farmers to find mines. Many of them died trying to find the well-hidden bombs.
Colombian police official Erick Guzmán hopes the team of rats can come to the rescue(援救). “These rats will be a great help,” he said.
小題1:How do rats help to find land mines?
A．By their special sight. B．By their light weight.
C．By their sense of smell.D．By their excellent hearing.
小題2:The advantage of rats over dogs in finding bombs is that _____.
A．they are cleverer.
B．they run faster
C．they have a better sense of smell
D．they don’t make mines explode as easily
小題3:The underlined word “They” may refer to ______.
A．scientistsB．Wistar rats
C．dogsD．Méndez and her team
小題4: What is the passage mainly about?
A．Specially-trained rats help clear land mines.
B．People in Tanzania are suffering from land mines.
C．Dogs are no longer used to find land mines.
D．Land mines have become a great danger to Colombians.

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案