8.第一節(jié):短文改錯(滿分10分)假如英語課上老師要求同學(xué)們交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫得一下作文.文中共有10處語言錯誤,要求你在錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞.增加:在缺詞處加上一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞.刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉.修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該次下面寫上修改后的詞.注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從11處起)不計分.
Never shall I forget the first English lesson giving by Miss Liu.One Monday morning,when she entered the classroom,we found out that she was a young and beautiful lady.Then she introduced her and said they shouldn't call her Teacher Liu but Miss Liu.Late,she let us go to the blackboard and said something about ourselves in English in turn.When it was my turn,I felt too shy that I didn't dare to say anything before the class.She went up to me and said kind,"Don't be afraid.I believe you can do well."At last,I went to the blackboard.She praised me for that I had done.

分析 本文作者主要講述了一件令自己難忘的事情,也就是在一個星期一的早上,劉老師第一次來給他們上英語課時發(fā)生的事情;在課堂上,老師要求他們依次在同學(xué)們面前用英語來做自我介紹;當(dāng)輪到作者做介紹時,由于害羞,他/她什么也沒說;最后在劉老師的鼓勵下,作者終于完成了自我介紹,并且還受到了老師的表揚.

解答 Never shall I forget the first English lesson giving by Miss Liu.One Monday morning,
                                                                given
when she entered the classroom,we foundout that she was a young and beautiful lady.
                                                          去掉out
Then she introducedherand said they shouldn't call her Teacher Liu but Miss Liu.Late,
                             herself         we                                                                    Later
she let us go to the blackboard andsaidsomething about ourselves in English in turn.When
                                                   say
it was my turn,I felttooshy that I didn't dare to say anything before the class.She went up
                                so
to me and said kind,"Don't be afraid.I believe you can do∧well."At last,I went to the blackboard.
                     kindly                                                          it
She praised me for that I had done.
                            what

1.把giving改為given   考查過去分詞   此處在句中作后置定語,修飾前面的名詞lesson;由于動詞give與該名詞構(gòu)成了動賓關(guān)系,意為:由劉老師上的第一節(jié)英語課;故用過去分詞given
2.去掉out   考查動詞短語的用法    動詞短語find out表示通過調(diào)查或觀察詢問等而查明的情況或弄清的事實真相等;find 主要指偶然發(fā)現(xiàn),很直觀的找到/發(fā)現(xiàn);此處表達的是:她一進來,我們就發(fā)現(xiàn)她是一位年輕漂亮的女士;故用find,即去掉out
3.her改為herself    考查固定短語"introduce oneself"意為:自我介紹;介紹自己;這里指:然后,她介紹了自己;故用herself
4.they改為we    考查人稱的一致性    本句的意思是:然后她介紹了自己,并說我們不應(yīng)該叫她Teacher Liu,而是Miss Liu;此處用在said之后的賓語從句中作主語,指的是:我們;故用we
5.late改為later   考查副詞     此處在句中作時間狀語,意為:后來,隨后;故用表示時間的副詞later 
6.said改為say   考查固定短語"let sb.do sth."意為:讓某人做某事;其中的"do sth."在句中作賓語補足語;在本句中,由于此處與go to the blackboard 一起在句中作賓語us的補足語,故用動詞原形say
7.too改為so   考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)"so…that…"意為:如此…以致;so后跟形容詞或副詞,that后引出結(jié)果狀語從句;本句的意思是:我感到如此地害羞,以致于我在同學(xué)們面前不敢說什么;故用so
8.kind改為kindly   考查副詞   此處用來修飾動詞said,意為:溫和地說;故用副詞kindly
9.do之后加it   考查人稱代詞   本句的意思是:我相信你能把它做得很好的;由于本句(I believe you can do∧well)中在動詞do之后缺少賓語"它",即指上文提到的在同學(xué)們面前英語介紹自己的那件事,故在do之后加it  
10.that改為what   考查連接代詞    此處用在介詞for之后,引導(dǎo)賓語從句;由于該從句中缺少賓語,意為:…的,所以此處應(yīng)使用what;而that在名詞性從句中,只起連接作用,不作任何成分,故改為what

點評 短文改錯是集語法知識與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題,主要考查學(xué)生對詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力.錯誤類型一般有:缺詞、多詞和錯詞.常見的錯誤有:1 詞法錯誤,主要包括動詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此類試題時,需要正確分析句子成分,熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常見句法錯誤.通常表現(xiàn)為簡單句、復(fù)合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強調(diào)句等錯誤.解答此類試題時,需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法.3 應(yīng)在理解文章大意的前提下,進行作答.

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