【題目】短文改錯

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(/)劃掉。

修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;

2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。

My brother Tom was very selfish when he was a little boy. He did not want share things with other people. For example,when he bought a chocolate cake, he put them in a secret place where I couldn’t find. Then he ate it all by himself. He never helped other. He said he is busy. That is, a game of tennis making him very busy. He did not care if something he did made people angrily. For instance, on one night he played strong and loudly music till four o’clock in the morning. But he is difference now. He often helps grandma with housework, helps mum with cooking and helps his classmates with their lessons.

【答案】

【1】want后加to

【2】them it

【3】where which/that或去掉where。

【4】other others

【5】busy前的is was

【6】making made

【7】angrilyangry

【8】去掉on

【9】loudly loud

【10】difference different

解析

【1】want后加to;在want和share之間加to此題考查動詞不定式的用法。want后接to do sth.作賓語。

【2】them it;把them改為it此題考查代詞的用法。it指代a chocolate cake。

【3】where which/that或去掉where;把where改為which或that或劃掉此題考查定語從句中關(guān)系代詞的用法。place在定語從句中作find的賓語,所以不能用關(guān)系副詞where。

【4】other others;把other改為others此題考查代詞的用法。other做代詞,指代其他人,用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

【5】busy前的is was;把busy前的is改為was此題考查動詞時態(tài)。這是一個賓語從句,主句用一般過去時,所以賓語從句中的謂語也要用一般過去時。

【6】making made;把making改為made此題考查動詞的用法。made在句子中作謂語。

【7】angrilyangry 考查固定結(jié)構(gòu):make sb +adj,使得某人怎樣。不能用副詞。

【8】去掉on;劃掉one night前的on此題考查介詞的用法。one night的意思是一天夜里,前面不用加介詞。

【9】loudly loud;把loudly改為loud此題考查形容詞的用法。形容詞做名詞music的定語。

【10】difference different;把difference改為different此題考查形容詞的用法。形容詞作系動詞is的表語。為系表結(jié)構(gòu)。

【方法點撥】

短文改錯口訣:動詞形,名詞數(shù),注意是形還是副;非謂動詞細(xì)辨別,習(xí)慣用法要記住;句子成分多分析,邏輯錯誤須關(guān)注。

一. 動詞形 主要包括兩類錯誤:動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)錯誤,以及主、謂不一致的錯誤。例如:小題5busy前的is was;把busy前的is改為was此題考查動詞時態(tài)。這是一個賓語從句,主句用一般過去時,所以賓語從句中的謂語也要用一般過去時。又如小題6making made;把making改為made此題考查動詞的用法。made在句子中作謂語。前者屬于時態(tài)錯后者為成份錯,找出此類錯誤的關(guān)鍵是找準(zhǔn)動詞所作成分,樹立牢固的時態(tài)概念,注意短文內(nèi)容發(fā)生或存在的時間,保持時間概念的一致性。

二. 名詞數(shù) 指名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)形式的用法錯誤。常表現(xiàn)為將名詞復(fù)數(shù)寫成單數(shù)。例如: 小題4other others;把other改為others此題考查代詞的用法。other做代詞,指代其他人,用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

三. 區(qū)分形和副 及區(qū)分形容詞和副詞在句子中的作用和具體用法。 這也是高考短文改錯的常考點。例如:小題7:angrilyangry 考查固定結(jié)構(gòu):make sb +adj,使得某人怎樣。不能用副詞。小題9:loudly loud;把loudly改為loud此題考查形容詞的用法。形容詞做名詞music的定語。形容詞多用來做定、表、補(bǔ)語等,而副詞只能在句子中作狀語,修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。

四. 非謂動詞細(xì)辨別 這是考查最多的錯誤形式之一。主要有分詞和動名詞類錯誤,也包括不定式類錯誤。例如:in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. interested

Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also playing

My parents love me and will do all they can make sure to

上述二、三例分別是動名詞作主語,和不定式作目的狀語。一般的,現(xiàn)在分詞有主動態(tài)和

上述二、三例分別是動名詞作主語,和不定式作目的狀語。一般的,現(xiàn)在分詞有主動態(tài)和進(jìn)行時的含義,而過去分詞具有被動態(tài)和完成時的含義,不定式有將來時態(tài)的含義。

五. 習(xí)慣用法要記住 主要考查習(xí)慣搭配方面的基礎(chǔ)知識。這也是歷年高考的?键c,其錯誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種:多詞、少詞和搭配錯誤.如 小題1:want后加to;在want和share之間加to此題考查動詞不定式的用法。want后接to do sth.作賓語。

六. 句子成分多分析 不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類;不同的語景要選擇不同的詞語。這些都有待我們對句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句子成分作細(xì)致的分析,才能找出用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e誤。例如: They eager to know everything about China and were ;I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. Which。第一例漏掉了謂語動詞were,這是受寒于習(xí)慣的影響而導(dǎo)致的錯誤;第二例則是詞類與它在句子中的成分不相符,where是副詞,不能作主語。

七. 邏輯錯誤須關(guān)注 與句子的上、下文不一致,甚至相矛盾,屬于邏輯性錯誤。如稱謂上的張冠李戴,人名、地名、時間、方位等方面的錯誤,常是這類錯誤的考查對象。例如: The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. their例中的主語是Smiths(史密斯夫婦倆),因此后面的his不合邏輯。

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