Question

【題目】Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Each of us has a time of the day when we’re at our best. For some, it’s the morning, and for others, the afternoon or evening. These times relate to what scientists call our circadian clock (生物鐘). 【1】

The research is the work of two authors, Aaron Schirmer and Benjamin Smarr. The pair used data from a university computer system to study the rhythms and activities of 15,000 students at Northeastern Illinois University between 2014 and 2016. They studied the data to see if there was a connection between the students’ schedules, their natural circadian clocks and their school performance.

【2】 But if students’ clock doesn’t agree with the rest of their lives, their performance was likely to suffer.

According to the study, those students who suffered from a mismatch underwent a kind of “social jet lag（時差）”. For example, some students performed best at night and therefore chose to study in the evening. But if those students had an early morning class, they often felt tired from late night studying and didn’t get the most out of the class. They might then go on to get a lower grade for exams and coursework. 【3】

The authors say mismatches between a student’s schedule and circadian clock can have a harmful effect, and not just in terms of academic performance. Social jet lag can also be bad for students’ health.

The authors don’t claim their study proves anything, but they do say that it provides food for thought for school administrators, who might like to think about special ways to help students who suffer on account of their schedules. 【4】

A.In addition, the findings alerted parents to their children’s sleeping patterns.

B.The study found that the closer a student’s schedule and their circadian clock, the better their grades were.

C.All students in the study suffered some degree of social jet lag, but late-night studiers suffered the most.

D.The clock genes create circadian rhythms in the body, which help control the timing of a variety of biological changes.

E.The findings could also help everyone to be aware, and hopefully take advantage, of their own biological rhythms to lead a healthy life.

F.Now, a new study suggests that the relationship between students’ circadian clocks and their study schedules can have a big effect on their grades.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】F

【2】B

【3】C

【4】E

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要敘述了生物鐘對學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)有著重要的影響，如果學(xué)習(xí)時間與生物鐘不一致，可能不利于學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)和身體健康。

【1】上一句提到了“生物鐘”的概念，再根據(jù)下一小段的開頭，“這項研究是兩位作者亞倫·斯戈默和本杰明·斯馬的工作。”可知第一空應(yīng)該介紹的是關(guān)于生物鐘的一項研究，結(jié)合選項F,“現(xiàn)在，一項新的研究表明，學(xué)生的生物鐘和他們的學(xué)習(xí)時間表之間的關(guān)系會對他們的成績產(chǎn)生很大影響。”切合題意。故選F項。

【2】上一句描述了一項“生物鐘和學(xué)習(xí)成績的調(diào)查研究”，B選項承接上文， “研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，學(xué)生的作息時間和生物鐘越接近，他們的成績就越好”切題，這也是上述這項調(diào)查的結(jié)果。故選B項。

【3】上文提到“如果學(xué)生早上上課，他們會因為熬夜學(xué)習(xí)而疲憊，可能會在考試和課程作業(yè)中得到較低的分?jǐn)?shù)。”，所以C項“所有參與研究的學(xué)生都有一定程度的時差，但對熬夜學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生的影響最大”承接了上文，較為切題。故選C項。

【4】上一句提到了這項調(diào)查可供學(xué)校管理者參考，想出解決影響學(xué)習(xí)的時差問題，E項“這些發(fā)現(xiàn)還可以幫助每個人意識到，并希望利用他們自己的生物鐘，過上健康的生活”是這項調(diào)查的另一個好處，與上一句相呼應(yīng)，切合文意。故選E項。

這種題型需要聯(lián)系上下文的語境，可以根據(jù)一些關(guān)鍵詞來鎖定合適的選項，例如，第一空根據(jù)上文的“circadian clock”以及下一段第一句的“The research”，可以判斷空處應(yīng)該表達的是關(guān)于一項生物鐘的調(diào)查，結(jié)合各個選項的意思，發(fā)現(xiàn)F項是最切合題意。