Question

5．There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence．The first is sort of brain he is born with．Human brains differ considerable，some being more capable than others．But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with，an individual will have a low intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn．So the second factor is what happens to the individual-the sort of the environment in which he is brought up．If an individual is handicapped（受阻礙） environmentally，it is likely that his brain will stop to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable．
The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be proved by the identical twins，Peter and John．When the twins were three months old，their parents died，and they were placed in separate foster（寄養(yǎng)） homes．Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities．John，however，was educated in the home well-to-do parents who had been to college．This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens，when they were given tests to measure their intelligence．John's IQ was 125，twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his brother．
[寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容]
（1）以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn)；
（2）然后以約120個(gè)詞就"環(huán)境與人的智力發(fā)展"的主題發(fā)表看法，并包括如下要點(diǎn)：
a）你是否贊同"環(huán)境決定智力的發(fā)展"這一觀點(diǎn)？為什么？
b）請(qǐng)舉出具體事例說(shuō)明你的觀點(diǎn)；
c）你認(rèn)為如何才能最大限度地發(fā)展智力？
[寫(xiě)作要求]
（1）可以參照閱讀材料的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，組織故事，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
（2）標(biāo)題自定．
[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]
概括準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫．

Answer 1

分析 本文是讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)型寫(xiě)作，這類(lèi)作文可按照三段式模板寫(xiě)：第一段：概況所給短文要點(diǎn)．第二段：過(guò)渡詞引出主題句---闡述理由．第三段：個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)．特別要注意第一段的概括．用自己的語(yǔ)言概括，不能照搬照抄原文． 時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)．人稱(chēng)用第一和第三人稱(chēng)． 重要短語(yǔ)：in support of （發(fā)生），in terms of（時(shí)尚），bring up（導(dǎo)致），be crucial to （對(duì)…至關(guān)重要的），broaden the horizons（擴(kuò)大眼界），be born with（出生于），distinguish oneself（使某人自己出名），offer sb sth （提供某人某物），show off （炫耀），try to do sth（努力做某事），develop one's intelligence（發(fā)展智力），exploit sth（開(kāi)發(fā)某物）．
【高分句型一】
1．The writer argues in support of the importance of environment in terms of the development of a person's intelligence by giving an example of a pair of twin brothers，who were brought up in different environments．
此處是由關(guān)系代詞"who"引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，主句為"The writer argues in support of the importance of environment in terms of the development of a person's intelligence by giving an example of a pair of twin brothers"，"who"在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)．
【高分句型二】
2．Personally，I believe environment is crucial to an individual intelligence，as a good environment can offer more opportunities to increase his knowledge and broaden the horizons as well as the chances to practise．
此處是由"as"引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，主句為"I believe environment is crucial to an individual intelligence"．
【高分句型三】
3．Zhongyong，①born with a high IQ，distinguished himself by reciting and even writing poems as a child，②which astonished others．
   ①此處是由過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)"born with a high IQ"作后置定語(yǔ)，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為"distinguished"．
  ②此處是由關(guān)系代詞"which"引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，"which"在從句中作主語(yǔ)．

解答 How to fully develop our intelligence？
The writer argues in support of the importance of environment in terms of the development of a person's intelligence by giving an example of a pair of twin brothers，who were brought up in different environments．【高分句型一】（概括）
Personally，I believe environment is crucial to an individual intelligence，as a good environment can offer more opportunities to increase his knowledge and broaden the horizons as well as the chances to practise．【高分句型二】（贊同"環(huán)境決定智力的發(fā)展"）
There was such a famous example in Chinese history．Zhongyong，born with a high IQ，distinguished himself by reciting and even writing poems as a child，which astonished others．【高分句型三】Unfortunately，his father didn't offer him a good environment to foster him but instead，he often took him everywhere to show off his intelligence．Gradually，Zhongyong became an ordinary person．（舉出具體事例說(shuō)明你的觀點(diǎn)）
Thus，I think we，including our parents，our teachers，and even the whole society，should try to create a good environment for the children to fully develop their intelligence，and for the children，they should also learn to exploit everything available to develop themselves．（個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)---如何才能最大限度地發(fā)展智力）

點(diǎn)評(píng) 讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)型寫(xiě)作是將閱讀與寫(xiě)作有機(jī)結(jié)合，要求考生既能讀懂文章信息，又要依據(jù)要求規(guī)范連貫地表達(dá)內(nèi)容，其中準(zhǔn)確概括很有挑戰(zhàn)且十分重要，根據(jù)記敘文、議論文、說(shuō)明文等不同文體作相應(yīng)概括，總的來(lái)說(shuō)，遵循以下步驟：確定主題句；尋找關(guān)鍵詞；重構(gòu)主題句；重組支持句．寫(xiě)作時(shí)注意準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)，上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯關(guān)系，盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞句式，同時(shí)也要注意使用高級(jí)詞匯和高級(jí)句型使文章顯得更有檔次，平時(shí)需注意積累短語(yǔ)和重要句型．