Windbreaks are barriers（屏障）formed by trees and other plants．Farmers plant these barriers around their fields，which help prevent the loss of soil，and stop the wind from blowing soil away．They also keep the wind from damaging or destroying crops．Besides，extra trees and plants can be cut down and used or sold for wood．

Windbreaks can be highly valuable for protecting grain crops．For example，in parts of West Africa grain harvests were as much as twenty percent higher in fields protected by windbreaks compared with fields without them．

But here is something interesting about windbreaks．They seem to work best when they allow some wind to pass through the barrier of trees or plants around a field．If not，then the movement of air close to the ground will lift the soil．Then the soil will be blown away．For this reason，a windbreak works best if it contains only 60 to 80 percent of the trees and plants that would be needed to make a solid line．An easy rule to remember is that windbreaks can protect areas up to 10 times the height of the tallest trees in the windbreak．

There should be at least two lines in each windbreak．One line should be large trees．The second line，right next to it，can be shorter trees or other plants with leaves．Locally grown trees and plants are considered the best choices for windbreaks．Trees reduce the damaging effects of wind and rain．Their roots help protect soil from being washed away．And trees can provide animals outdoors with shade from the sun．

1.The advantages of building a windbreak are as follows except _____.

A. providing humans with shade from the sun

B. increasing the production of grain harvests

C. keeping the wind from destroying grain crops

D. reducing the damaging effects of wind and rain

2.The author thinks windbreaks are interesting because ______.

A. windbreaks can stop the wind getting through

B. the movement of air lifts the soil

C. large trees are lined with short ones

D. windbreaks allow some wind to pass through

3.If the trees grow to a height of 30 feet, the areas the windbreak can protect are ______.

A. 150 square feet B. 100 square feet

C. 300 square feet D. 240 square feet

4.What can be inferred from the text?

A. The environment is going from bad to worse.

B. Windbreaks can contribute to agriculture harvests. .

C. Trees and plants from abroad are the best for windbreaks.

D. Extra trees and plants can be cut down for wood

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Three-dimensional printers are fast becoming everyday devices in the United States. Three-D printers are used to make everything from automobile parts to bone replacements for human patients. American research scientists are now working on creating replacements for living tissue.

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Michael Yost hopes that more people will believe in the benefits of biofabrication.

“Tissue biofabrication is a reality, and it is a reality now, and if you come here and you get to see it. You will get to see it. You can’t touch it, but you will see it and think this is real. And this is really human.”

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