Question

The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”, almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs.

The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression (蕭條) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howard’s idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside, far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.

Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit--- Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide range of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.

1.How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?

A. Through his observation of the country life.

B. Through the combination of different ideas.

C. By taking other people’s advice.

D. By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago.

2.According to Howard, garden cities should be built _____.

A. as far as possible from existing cities.

B. in the countryside where the land was cheap.

C. in the countryside where agriculture was developed.

D. near cities where employment opportunities already existed.

3.What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?

A. Their number would continue to rise.

B. Each one would continue to become larger

C. People would live and work in the same place.

D. Each one would contain a certain type of business.

4.What could be the best title for the passage?

A. City and Countryside

B. The Invention of the Garden City

C. A New City in Chicago

D. A Famous Garden City in England

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.D

2.B

3.A

4.B

【解析】

試題分析：文章大意：本文為記敘文，敘述了花園城市的起源和發(fā)展情況。Ebenezer Howard 受“花園城市”的啟發(fā)，后來返回倫敦，在鄉(xiāng)村引用了這個名稱作為他新建花園城市的名稱。后來不斷擴大，并有了各種各樣的同大城市里一樣的服務(wù)設(shè)施。

1.細節(jié)理解題。從第一段信息句 it was nicknamed“the Garden City”certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns.得知Howard給花園城市命名是根據(jù)重建的芝加哥的別名。選D。

2.細節(jié)理解題。從第二段的最后一句理解到“Howard 的想法是一群人建立一個公司，在遠離大城市土地非常廉價的鄉(xiāng)下借錢建一個花園城市。 ”故答案選B

3.推理判斷題。從最后一段段意“隨著這些花園城市的建立，越來越多的人遷入花園城市，沒有辦法限制，后來各個花園城市彼此相連，各種服務(wù)都像大城市一樣”。這表明花園城市的數(shù)目在不斷增長。選A。

4.主旨大意題。全文介紹了花園城市的名稱來源以及它的發(fā)展情況，B符合題意。

考點：考查社會經(jīng)濟文化類短文