Question

【題目】You probably don’t know as much as you think you do. When put to the test, most people find they can’t explain the workings of everyday things they think they understand. Don’t believe me? Find an object you use daily (an ear phone, a toilet, a stereo speaker) and try to describe how it works. 【1】 We call this phenomenon the illusion of explanatory depth(解釋性深度錯覺). It means you think you fully understand something that you actually don’t.

We see this every day in buzzwords (流行語). Though we often use them, their meanings are usually unclear. 【2】

Several years ago, I attended a meeting where the president spoke about global business practice in the coming year. During the talk, people around the room nodded in agreement. Afterwards, though, many of them discussed how to manage global business practice, none of the people who had nodded in agreement could exactly describe what it actually meant.

No matter what job you do, discovering your gaps in knowledge is necessary. An unknown gap means you might not fully understand a problem. 【3】

To discover the things you can’t explain, take a lesson from teachers. When you guide someone else, you have to fill the gaps in your own knowledge. But you don’t need to teach someone else. Explain concepts to yourself as you learn them. Get in the habit of self-teaching. Involve others in learning together. 【4】 Ask them to explain difficult concepts, even if you think everyone understands them. Not only will this help you to work through new ideas, but it will occasionally uncover places where your friends don’t understand the explanations.

【5】 They can help you have a better understanding of problems.

A. An active learner usually puts it into reality.

B. That can prevent you from solving the problem properly.

C. Your explanations can’t show your own knowledge gaps.

D. Help recognize the knowledge gaps of the people around you.

E. You’re likely to discover unexpected gaps in your knowledge.

F. They cover gaps in our knowledge, serving concepts we don’t fully understand.

G. When you do uncover these gaps, treat them as learning opportunities, not signs of weakness.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】E

【2】F

【3】B

【4】D

【5】G

【解析】

試題分析:很多人都會發(fā)現(xiàn)平時能夠理解的知識在進行測試或者接受實驗的時候都不能作出正確的解釋。這一現(xiàn)象叫做解釋性深度錯覺，這意味人們其實沒有能夠?qū)σ恍┲�識進行深度的理解。在本文中作者對這一情況給出了一些參考建議。

【1】E考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)前句內(nèi)容可知作者舉例來說明人們對生活中一些日常用品的工作原理很難解釋，以此來說明為什么在測試中對一些問題不能作出解答，由此判斷E選項內(nèi)容符合語境，選E。

【2】F考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。前句解釋這種解釋性深度錯覺經(jīng)常發(fā)生，根據(jù)語境判斷F選項They cover gaps in our knowledge, serving concepts we don’t fully understand.可以承接上文，選F。

【3】B考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。上文對unknown gaps進行解釋，由此可知后句是介紹這種現(xiàn)象的不利方面，呼吁文章開頭，選B。

【4】D考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力�？崭竦那昂髢�(nèi)容都是給人們的建議，建議人們?nèi)绾文軌驅(qū)�這一問題作出解決，故判斷D選項Help recognize the knowledge gaps of the people around you.符合語境。

【5】G考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)后句They can help you have a better understanding of problems.可知G選項符合語境，是對文章內(nèi)容的概括，選G。