A baby born in India has been declared the world's seven billionth person by child rights group Plan International. Baby Nargis was born at 07:25 local time (01:55GMT) in Mall village in India's Uttar Pradesh state. Plan International says Nargis has been chosen symbolically as it is not possible to know where exactly the seven billionth baby is born. In addition to baby Nargis in India, Bangladesh, the Philippines and Cambodia have all identified seven billionth babies. The United Nations estimated that on Monday 31 October, the world's population would reach seven billion.
Populations are growing faster than economies in many poor countries in Africa and some in Asia. At the same time, low birth rates in Japan and many European nations have raised concerns about labor shortages.
Population experts at the United Nations estimated that the world reached six billion in October 1999. They predict nine billion by 2050 and ten billion by the end of the century. China's population of one and a third billion is currently the world's largest. India is second at 1.2 billion. But India is expected to pass China and reach one and a half billion people around 2025.
India will also have one of the world's youngest populations. Economists say this is a chance for a so-called demographic dividend. India could gain from the skills of young people in a growing economy at a time when other countries have aging populations. But economists say current rates of growth, although high, may not create enough jobs. Also, the public education system is failing to meet demand and schooling is often of poor quality. Another concern is health care. Nearly half of India's children under the age of five are malnourished(營養(yǎng)不良).
Michal Rutkowski, the director of human development in South Asia at the World Bank, says reaching seven billion people in the world is a good time for a call to action. He says, “I think the bottom line of the story is that the public policy needs to become really, really serious about sex equality and about access to services—to fight against malnutrition, and to provide for access to health services, water and schooling.”
【小題1】What is true about the world's seven billionth person?

A．Baby Nargis is not the only child chosen as the seven billionth baby.
B．Baby Nargis has been chosen carefully so it is exactly the seven billionth baby.
C．Three countries have all declared Baby Nargis as the seven billi011th baby.
D．The United Nations declared Baby Nargis as the world's seven billionth person.
【小題2】Which of the following problems do many European countries worry about?
A．Labor shortage.B．Poor health care.
C．Not enough jobs.D．Schooling of poor quality.
【小題3】According to population experts, how long will it take for population to grow from six billion to nine billion?
A．About 12 years.B．About 40 years.C．About 50 years. D．About 110 years.
【小題4】What does the underlined phrase “demographic dividend” in the fourth paragraph refer to?
A．Possibility of lower birth rate.
B．Benefit gained by working young people.
C．Chances for more employment.
D．Disadvantages caused by aging population.
【小題5】Which of the following public policies does Michal Rutkowski call on?
A．To encourage late marriage.B．To reduce world's population.
C．To gain economic equality. D．To improve health and education.


【小題1】A
【小題2】A
【小題3】C 
【小題4】B
【小題5】D

解析試題分析：文章主要介紹了人口增長的問題。隨著印度一名嬰兒的出生，全球人口突破70億關(guān)口。一些發(fā)展中國家人口增長過快，而一些發(fā)達(dá)國家卻由于低生育率而面臨勞動力短缺的問題。
【小題1】根據(jù)“Nargis has been chosen symbolically as it is not possible to know where exactly the seven billionth baby is born. In addition to baby Nargis in India, Bangladesh, the Philippines and Cambodia have all identified seven billionth babies.”可知，選擇Nargis作為第70億個人，只是象征性的，Bangladesh, the Philippines和Cambodia也被選為第70億寶寶，故選A。
【小題2】根據(jù)“l(fā)ow birth rates in Japan and many European nations have raised concerns about labor shortages”可知，許多歐洲國家擔(dān)憂的是勞動力短缺，故選A。
【小題3】根據(jù)“Population experts at the United Nations estimated that the world reached six billion in October 1999. They predict nine billion by 2050”可知，達(dá)到90億需要大約50年的時間，故選C。
【小題4】根據(jù)“India could gain from the skills of young people in a growing economy at a time when other countries have aging populations.”可知，在其它國家進(jìn)入老齡化階段的時候，印度可以獲得大量的年輕勞動力。這是有利的一面，故選B。
【小題5】根據(jù)“to fight against malnutrition, and to provide for access to health services, water and schooling”可知，Michal Rutkowski提倡提高社會的醫(yī)療和教育水平。故選D。
考點：社會類短文閱讀

練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

It was August 2nd,1927.The news had spread fast.A man named Ralph Peer was coming to the city of Bristol.He wanted to make recordings of local people singing and playing musical instruments.And he said he would pay fifty dollars for each song recorded.That was a lot of money in those days.Many people came to Bristol that day to play for Mr.Peer.But one group seemed to have just the sound that he was looking for.They were a man named A．P.Carter，his wife Sara，and her cousin Maybelle.They called themselves the Carter Family.
Their first recordings were sent to radio stations throughout the United States.Many listeners were surprised at what they heard.Instead of classical or jazz songs that radio stations usually played，a new sound was born.The Carter Family sounded different.They did not sound as if they had taken music lessons.But it did not matter.The people in poor rural areas thought they sounded just like their neighbors.
The Carters sang songs about living in the mountains of Virginia，Tennessee，and North Carolina.They sang about the love of a young man for a special girl.They sang about the beauty of nature.They sang about death and sadness.And they sang religious songs that told of the hope for a better life after death.
A．P.Carter sang in the group and also searched for new songs.He often traveled long distances to small towns in the southeastern United States.He wanted to hear the songs that local people sang in their communities.He wrote down the words but kept the music in his memory.When he returned home，he helped Sara and Maybelle fit them to the Carter Family musical style.
The Carter Family soon became famous.They recorded more songs.They traveled to many cities and towns in the eastern United States to perform.Thousands of people heard them sing and bought their recordings.Some people estimate that within three years，the Carter Family sold three hundred thousand recordings.
【小題1】What does this passage mainly talk about?

A．A family born for music. 
B．A family singing differently. 
C．The first family of country music. 
D．A family singing in a group. 
【小題2】When Mr.Peer heard the Carter Family's songs，he most probably felt ________.
A．disappointed　 B．calm 
C．confused　 D．excited 
【小題3】Many listeners were surprised when they heard the Carter Family's singing because ________.
A．the family did not seem to be good at singing 
B．what the family sang sounded uncomfortable 
C．the family sang classical and jazz songs in a very different way 
D．the family sang something that they had never heard before 
【小題4】What was A．P.Carter's purpose in traveling to small towns in the southeastern United States?
A．To ask for some advice on his music.
B．To collect songs sung by the local people there.
C．To introduce his music to the local people there.
D．To see if the local people there had heard his music.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Sushi is a kind of food made with a mixture of cooked or raw fish, vegetables, and rice. Although Sushi is most commonly considered to have its origin in Japan, it actually began in China during the 7th Century.
At that time, any fish caught had to be preserved. Raw fish was cleaned and then pressed between layers of heavy salt. After a couple of months, the whole process was complete. Over time, a discovery was made that by rolling the fish in rice that had been soaked in vinegar the fish was easily fermented (發(fā)酵) in a few days rather than months. The rice was then thrown away and the fish was eaten. However, with a food shortage, people began consuming the rice as well as the fish and thus, Sushi today as we know was born. However, in the 1800s, a famous chef by the name of Yohei created two styles of Sushi—one called Edo, and the second, Osaka, for two cities.
Sushi is usually consumed with hot green tea. Also, Gari is offered free and eaten between bites to create a better taste. Two kinds of sauce are usually available: one is soy sauce, which is poured on most kinds of Sushi; the other is a thick sweet sauce used on eel (鰻魚).
Sushi has taken the world by storm and today is a multi-billion dollar industry. Its popularity continues to rise because people are looking for healthy food that is quick and easy to make. With such unbelievable popularity as well as the health benefits of eating Sushi, it is likely that this food will continue to be a part of everyday life for many more centuries to come.
【小題1】Two kinds of Sushi, Edo and Osaka, were probably named after _______.

A．the chef’s name B．their birthplaces
C．the name of fish D．some kinds of food
【小題2】When people eat Sushi, Gari is used to _______.
A．keep Sushi last long
B．make green tea better
C．digest Sushi more quickly
D．make Sushi more delicious
【小題3】Why do people like Sushi today?
A．It is cheap and delicious.
B．It is served with free Gari.
C．It is beneficial to people’s health.
D．It is easy to be kept for a long time.
【小題4】What can be the best title for the text?
A．Delicious Sushi and Its Origin
B．How to Make Delicious Sushi
C．Yohei and Two Styles of Sushi
D．The Birthplace of Sushi—China

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

“ONE in every 50 Shanghai women has cancer, a total of more than 140,000 women currently living in the city, and cancer statistics are based on citizens with permanent residency(永久居住),” officials from the Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention said ahead of International Women's Day on Friday.
However, they said the city's rate of cancer in women was rising slowly along with its rising number of elderly people. Early screening for breast, colorectal and cervical cancers can help prevent 30 percent of cancer cases.
Breast, colorectal, lung, gastric and thyroid cancers are the five most common cancer forms among women, with breast cancer accounting for 16 percent of Shanghai's new cases each year and colorectal cancer 13 percent. Cervical cancer, although only the 12th leading cancer in women in Shanghai, is particularly common among women between 25 and 54 years old. Dr Zheng Ying, director of the center's tumor prevention and control department, said , "breast, colorectal and cervical cancers accounted for 32 percent of female cancers”. He added, " However, the three types of cancer can be detected and treated properly through early and regular screening. Our main target of women's cancer prevention education this year is breast cancer, cervical cancer and colorectal cancer."The prevention and control of colorectal cancer will be a new public health project this year with the city government promoting a community-based screening program.
Experts say women over 20 should examine their breasts every month and have annual clinical checks after the age of 35. Women over 50 should have mammograms(乳房X線照片) every two years. For cervical cancer, women over 20 should be checked every three years. Women over 50 years old should have annual medical checks. Zheng said anyone with a family history of the three types of cancer should be aware of the need for more frequent examinations and early screening.
【小題1】What is the best title of the passage?

A．the women with cancer in Shanghai
B．lots of women in Shanghai have cancer
C．the five most common cancer forms among women in Shanghai
D．The prevention and control of cancer
【小題2】According to the passage, how many Shanghai women have cancer now?
A．a(chǎn)bout 2800B．a(chǎn)bout 2600 C．a(chǎn)bout3000D．a(chǎn)bout2700
【小題3】The five most common cancer forms among women in Shanghai are ________.
A．Breast, colorectal, cervical, gastric and thyroid cancers
B．Breast, cervical, lung, gastric and thyroid cancers
C．Breast, colorectal, lung, gastric and thyroid cancers
D．Breast, colorectal, lung, cervical and thyroid cancers
【小題4】The center's main target of women's cancer prevention education this year is ________.
A．breast cancer, lung cancer and colorectal cancer
B．breast cancer, cervical cancer and thyroid cancer
C．breast cancer, cervical cancer and lung cancer
D．breast cancer, cervical cancer and colorectal cancer
【小題5】What is the last paragraph about?
A．Advice on the frequency of the different physical examinations for women.
B．Anyone should accept more frequent examinations.
C．Women over 20 should examine their breasts every month.
D．Women over 20 should be checked every three years.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

One important variable affecting communication across cultures is destiny (命運(yùn)) and personal responsibility. This refers to the degree to which we feel ourselves the masters of our lives, contrary to the degree to which we see ourselves as subject to things outside our control. Another way to look at this is to ask how much we see ourselves able to change and act, to choose the course of our lives and relationships. Some have drawn a parallel between the personal responsibility in North American settings and the view itself. The North American view is vast, with large spaces of unpopulated land. The frontier attitude of “King” of the wilderness, and the expansiveness(廣闊) of the land reaching huge distances, may relate to generally high levels of confidence in the ability to shape and choose our destinies.
In this expansive land, many children grow up with a heroic sense of life, where ideas are big, and hope springs forever. When they experience temporary failures, they encouraged to redouble their efforts, to “try, try again.” Action, efficiency , and achievement are valued and expected. Free will is respected in laws and enforced by courts.
Now consider places in the world with much smaller land, whose history reflects wars and tough struggles: Northern Ireland, Mexico, Israel, Palestine. In these places, destiny’s role is more important in human life. In Mexico, there is a history of hard life, fighting over land, and loss of homes. Mexicans are more likely to see struggles as part of their life and unavoidable. Their passive attitude is expressed in their way of responding to failure or accident by saying “no mode” (“no way” or “tough lick”), meaning that the failure was destined.
This variable is important to understanding cultural conflict. If someone believing in free will crosses paths with someone more passive, miscommunication is likely. The first person may expect action and responsibility. Failing to see it, he may conclude that the second is lazy, not cooperative, or dishonest. The second person will expect respect for the natural order of things. Failing to see it, he may conclude that the first is forcible, rude, or big headed in his ideas of what can be accomplished or changed.
【小題1】The author thinks that one’s character is partly determined by __________.

A．physical senses
B．general attitude
C．financial background
D．geographic characteristics
【小題2】 According to the passage, Mexicans would think that Americans are __________.
A．impractical
B．dishonest
C．a(chǎn)mbitious
D．hesitant
【小題3】The underlined word “subject” in Paragraph l probably means __________.
A．a(chǎn) topic of a discussion
B．a(chǎn) branch of knowledge
C．a(chǎn) person being experimented on
D．a(chǎn) person under the power of others
【小題4】The author would probably agree that __________.
A．vast land may lead to a more controllable desire
B．heroic sense of life roots deeply in a small country
C．living in limited space contributes to an accepting attitude
D．fighting over land may help people gain high levels of confidence

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

According to new research，there could be a social hierarchy（等級）attached to where people stand in the lift．More senior men stand at the back，young men in the middle and women of all ages at the front．
Most people know that awkward feeling when you shuffle（拖著鞋走）into an elevator with other people and try not to make eye contact．
But new research suggests it may be down to a subconscious power struggle being played out as you make your way up or down．
A study found that people decide where they stand based on a micro social hierarchy，established within seconds of entering the lift．
Rebekah Rousi，a Ph．D．student in cognitive science，conducted all ethnographic study of elevator behaviour in two of the tallest office buildings in Adelaide，Australia．
As part of her research，she took a total of 30 lift rides in the two buildings，and discovered there was an established order to where people tended to stand．
In a blog for Ethnography Matters，she writes that more senior men seemed to direct themselves towards the back of the elevator cabins．
She said，“In front of them were younger men，and in front of them were women of all ages．”
She also noticed there was a difference in where people directed their gaze half way through the ride．
Men watched the monitors，looked in the side mirrors（in one building）to see themselves，and in the door mirrors（of the other building）to also watch others．
Women would watch the monitors and avoid eye contact with other users（unless in conversation）and the mirrors，she writes．
The doctorate student concluded it could be that people who are shyer stand toward the front，where they can’t see other passengers，whereas bolder people stand in the back，where they have a view of everyone else．
【小題1】According to the passage，where do women likes to stand in the lift?

A．At the back． B．At the front． 
C．In the middle． D．On the right． 
【小題2】What causes people to feel uncomfortable when entering the an elevator?
A．The manner people went into the lift． 
B．The limited space in the lift． 
C．The subconscious power struggle. 
D．The micro social hierarchy． 
【小題3】Why did Rebekah Rousi take 30 lift rides in buildings in Adelaide，Australia?
A．To enjoy the tallest office building． 
B．To make a study of elevator behavior． 
C．To go to work there． 
D．To experience the ride by elevator． 
【小題4】Which of following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
A．Women are more attentive than men in the lift． 
B．Both women and men like to watch the monitors in the lift． 
C．The shyer you are，the more likely you are to stand at the back in the lift． 
D．Why where you stand in the lift reflects your social status． 

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

In some Western countries, there are many opportunities for adults who want to improve their lives. There are public schools you can attend. In the schools, you can take things like English, arithmetic, and history. You can find classes in almost any subject you want to study. You may want to learn to type, sew, paint, or fix TV sets. You may want to learn more about trade you are already in. You may want to learn a new trade. You may want to get a high school diploma. You may even want to go to college. All it takes is time and effort.
In many cities, there are adult classes in the public schools. You can attend many of these classes without having to pay money. In some schools you may have to pay a small fee. There are also many kinds of private schools for adults.
In addition to schools, many industries and unions conduct on-the-job training programs. In these programs you hear about new ideas and learn new skills. Many large companies will send a worker to school if he or she has ability.
Many job opportunities are offered to those who wish to work. It helps if you know more than one language. There are good jobs for interpreters and typists who know English and another language.
There are many good jobs in government. In most cases, you must be a citizen of this country, and you must take a civil service examination. These examinations are open to everyone, regardless of race, religion, or color.
For many civil service jobs you need a high school diploma. The person who does not have a high school diploma can get one. There are several ways. You can study high school subjects at home and then take special tests. If you pass the tests, then you get a diploma. Or you can go to night school. There are classes that prepare you to take special tests to earn a diploma.
You can attend a night school that grants a high school diploma if you complete certain courses. If you do this, you do not have to take the special test.
Be as well trained as you can. Get as much training as you can. Opportunity knocks at every door. Be sure that when it knocks at your door you are ready.
【小題1】According to the article, if you want to live a better life, you have to get__________.

A．some timeB．a(chǎn)n educationC．new ideasD．new jobs
【小題2】In many places, public schooling for adults is ____________________.
A．difficultB．easyC．freeD．new
【小題3】What does this article tell us?
A．Civil service jobs are offered to everyone.
B．Only a citizen can apply for a government job.
C．Training programs are often poorly organized.
D．Large companies will send most of their workers to school.
【小題4】We can see that___________________________________.
A．well-trained people are often out of work
B．typists who know English earn much more money
C．one can work on a high school diploma at home
D．the person without a high school diploma can also get a civil service job
【小題5】The purpose of adults’ going to night school is to_______________.
A．take special tasksB．complete certain courses
C．get more trainingD．get a diploma

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

College libraries are designed primarily for research and study. To explain its use, let us choose a research topic and follow the step-by-step procedure of looking up the material for the paper．
Suppose your assignment is to write a paper on a novel called The Sun Also Rises by American writer Hemingway．The first step is to go to the main catalog．Many small drawers on the large wooden cabinets are lined up in alphabetical(字母的) order．Each of the drawers contains hundreds of alphabetical ordered cards．These cards are printed references to all material available in the library．Title cards are cataloged by the first word of the book title, leaving out the articles like “a”, “an” and “the”．And then you get the cards for the books you need．On the upper left corner of each card is the call number．This is the numerical code that shows where the book is located in the library．The library has open and closed stacks．If your book is on the open stacks, you can go to the open-stack room, and according to the call number find it out by yourself．There are only about 30,000 books on open stacks, while most of the 800,000 books in our library are kept in closed stacks, which are accessible only to teachers and graduate students.www.zxxk.com
For undergraduates like you, borrowing books from the closed stacks have to be done with the help of our librarian．In that case, you must fill out a call slip(紙條) for the book, showing the call number, author and title．You can get call slips on tables near the catalog cabinets．You show your call slip together with your library card to a librarian at the information desk．He or she will help you find the book out in the closed stacks.
【小題1】What is the main purpose of this text?

A．To present readers a brief introduction to a college library． 
B．To guide readers how to find books needed in a college library. 
C．To tell readers how to fill out a call slip in a college library. 
D．To show readers where to find books in a college library. 
【小題2】What letter you should look for on the title card for the book The Old Man and the Sea by the Hemingway?
A．The letter “t”.  B．The letter “h”.  C．The letter “o”. D．The letter “s”. 
【小題3】How are books arranged and shelved in the library?
A．By call numbers. B．By call slips of authors’ names. 
C．In alphabetical order.  D．By the first word of book title. 
【小題4】. Suppose you are an undergraduate and you want to borrow a book from the closed stacks, which is the correct order to do it?
a. go to the main catalog      b. show your call slip and library card
c. find out the call number    d. fill out a call slip
e. get the cards for the books
A．a(chǎn)-b-e-d-c  B．b-a-c-d-e C．a(chǎn)-e-c-d-b D．b-c-a-e-d 

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

College libraries are designed primarily for research and study. To explain its use, let us choose a research topic and follow the step-by-step procedure of looking up the material for the paper．
Suppose your assignment is to write a paper on a novel called The Sun Also Rises by American writer Hemingway．The first step is to go to the main catalog．Many small drawers on the large wooden cabinets are lined up in alphabetical(字母的) order．Each of the drawers contains hundreds of alphabetical ordered cards．These cards are printed references to all material available in the library．Title cards are cataloged by the first word of the book title, leaving out the articles like “a”, “an” and “the”．And then you get the cards for the books you need．On the upper left corner of each card is the call number．This is the numerical code that shows where the book is located in the library．The library has open and closed stacks．If your book is on the open stacks, you can go to the open-stack room, and according to the call number find it out by yourself．There are only about 30,000 books on open stacks, while most of the 800,000 books in our library are kept in closed stacks, which are accessible only to teachers and graduate students.
For undergraduates like you, borrowing books from the closed stacks have to be done with the help of our librarian．In that case, you must fill out a call slip(紙條) for the book, showing the call number, author and title．You can get call slips on tables near the catalog cabinets．You show your call slip together with your library card to a librarian at the information desk．He or she will help you find the book out in the closed stacks.
【小題1】What is the main purpose of this text?

A．To present readers a brief introduction to a college library．
B．To guide readers how to find books needed in a college library.
C．To tell readers how to fill out a call slip in a college library.
D．To show readers where to find books in a college library.
【小題2】What letter you should look for on the title card for the book The Old Man and the Sea by the Hemingway?
A．The letter “t”. B．The letter “h”. C．The letter “o”. D．The letter “s”.
【小題3】How are books arranged and shelved in the library?
A．By call numbers. B．By call slips of authors’ names.
C．In alphabetical order. D．By the first word of book title.
【小題4】Suppose you are an undergraduate and you want to borrow a book from the closed stacks, which is the correct order to do it?
a. go to the main catalog      b. show your call slip and library card
c. find out the call number    d. fill out a call slip
e. get the cards for the books
A．a(chǎn)-b-e-d-c B．b-a-c-d-e C．a(chǎn)-e-c-d-b D．b-c-a-e-d

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案