【題目】觀察下列句子，判斷劃線部分屬于哪種名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句、表語從句)，并在題目后的答題線上寫出答案。

【1】It is known to all that the Earth turns around the Sun.

【2】He will talk to us about what he saw in the United States.

【3】The question I want to ask you right now is whether we should ask the police for help.

【4】When and where the meeting will be held hasn’t been decided yet.

【5】I find it necessary that we should try every means to practise our spoken English every day.

【6】The news that China had successfully launched Shenzhou VI into space made all of us excited.

【7】The promise she made yesterday was that she would finish all her homework within two days.

【8】What I want to do right now is to sit down and do nothing at all.

【9】The possibility that_pleasant_smells_might_reduce_pain has recently been suggested by new research.

【10】Scientists used to believe that mothers_recognize_their_children_by_sight_only.

【答案】

【1】主語從句

【2】賓語從句

【3】表語從句

【4】主語從句

【5】賓語從句

【6】同位語從句

【7】表語從句

【8】主語從句

【9】同位語從句

【10】賓語從句

【解析】名詞性從句是在句子中起名詞作用的句子。 名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組， 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、介詞賓語、表語、同位語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞性從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。

【1】 主語從句 it為形式主語，that引導(dǎo)從句作真正主語，后置。眾所周知，地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。

【2】 賓語從句 what引導(dǎo)的從句為介詞about的賓語，故為賓語從句。他將會跟我們談到他在美國的見聞。

【3】表語從句 本句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，系動詞is之后為whether引出的表語從句。另，主語question后面緊接的是省略了關(guān)系代詞that/which的定語從句。剛才我想要問你的問題就是我們是不是應(yīng)該向警察尋求幫助。

【4】 主語從句 本句的主句時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式hasn’t been decided yet，（… 還沒有決定下來）。前面部分是主語，由when和where引導(dǎo)的從句。會議將在何時何地舉行還沒有決定。

【5】賓語從句 it為形式賓語，that引導(dǎo)的是真正賓語從句。固定結(jié)構(gòu)Sb. find it + adj. + that 從句。某人認(rèn)為…（怎么樣）。我覺得我們應(yīng)該每天都想盡辦法練習(xí)我們的英語口語是有必要的。

【6】同位語從句 中心詞為news，后跟that引導(dǎo)的從句起解釋說明其內(nèi)容的作用，從句句義完整，that在其中無意義，且不充當(dāng)句子成分，這是同位語從句有別于定語從句的顯著特征。中國已經(jīng)成功發(fā)射神六的新聞讓我們都很興奮。

【7】表語從句 本句話主干部分為主席表結(jié)構(gòu)，在was之后跟的that從句為表語從句。她昨天向我們所做出的保證是她兩天之內(nèi)會完成她所有的作業(yè)。

【8】主語從句 What引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中做do的賓語，譯為“所…的事情”，我此刻想要做的事兒就是坐下什么都不做。

【9】同位語從句 抽象名詞做中心詞，而且它本身在緊跟其后的從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，從句只是用來解釋說明中心詞的內(nèi)容，這個從句是同位語從句。好聞的問道可能會減輕疼痛，這種可能性已經(jīng)被新研究給提出來了。

【10】賓語從句 科學(xué)家過去認(rèn)為母親僅僅憑視力認(rèn)出自己的孩子。

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