Professor Reason recently persuaded 35 people to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions for two weeks. When he came to analyze their embarrassing errors, he was surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groups.
One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her pet dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. “The explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer,” explains the professor. “People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly.” It was the woman’s custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earrings. “But somehow the action got reversed（顛倒）in the programme.” About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these “programme assembly failures.”
Twenty percent of all errors were “test failures” — mainly due to not verifying the progress of what the body was doing. A man about to get his car out of the garage passed through the back yard where his garden jacket and boots were kept, put them on — much to his surprise. A woman reported, “I got into the bath with my socks on.”
The commonest problem was information “storage failures”. People forgot the names of people whose faces they knew, went into a room and forgot why they were there, mislaid something, or smoked a cigarette without realizing it.
The research so far suggests that while the central processor of the brain is liberated from second-to-second control of a well-practiced routine, it must repeatedly switch back its attention at important decision points to check that the action goes on as intended. Otherwise the activity may be gotten by another frequently and recently used programme, resulting in embarrassing errors.
小題1:The purpose of the professor’s research is to __________.
A．show the difference between men and women
B．sort and explain some errors in human actions
C．find the causes which lead to computer failures
D．compare computer functions with brain working
小題2:Which of the following might be grouped under “programme assembly failures”?
A．A woman went to a shop and forgot what to buy.
B．A man returning home after work left his key in the lock.
C．A lady fell as she was paying attention to each step her feet were taking.
D．An old man, with his shoes on, was trying to put on his socks.
小題3:The underlined word “verifying” (in paragraph 3) can be replaced by “_______”.
A．improvingB．changingC．checkingD．stopping
小題4:According to the passage, the information “storage failure” refers to “_______”.
A．information collecting system being destroyed
B．one’s total memory being removed
C．the loss of part of one’s memory for a time
D．the separation of one’s action from words
小題1:B
小題2:D
小題3:C
小題4:C

小題1:B  選項(xiàng)A意為“說明男女之間的差異”；選項(xiàng)B意為“分類和解釋人的行為的錯(cuò)誤”；選項(xiàng)C意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)電腦故障的原因”；選項(xiàng)D意為“將大腦的工作與電腦的功能作比較”。根據(jù)第一段最后一句，特別是“fell into a few groups”意為：分成幾組。可知選項(xiàng)B為最佳答案。
小題2:D 短文敘述了因心不在焉而犯的錯(cuò)誤，將其分為三類：programme assembly failures，test failures和storage failures.根據(jù)這三類錯(cuò)誤的內(nèi)容可知，選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)B屬于storage failures.選項(xiàng)C屬于test failures，則選項(xiàng)D屬于programme assembly failures，故D正確。
小題3:C 根據(jù)短文第三段的內(nèi)容，以及短文最后一段簡述了大腦在不斷控制行為的過程中要不時(shí)地檢測(cè)所作所為與所欲結(jié)果是否一致，如若不然，人們就會(huì)不自覺地做一些日常經(jīng)常做的動(dòng)作，這便是種種錯(cuò)誤的根源。選項(xiàng)A意為“提高，改善”；選項(xiàng)B意為“改變”；選項(xiàng)C意為“檢查”；選項(xiàng)D意為“停止；阻攔”。故選項(xiàng)C正確。
小題4:C 選項(xiàng)A意為“信息采集系統(tǒng)受到破壞”；選項(xiàng)B意為“人的記憶被刪除”；選項(xiàng)C意為“人一度失去記憶”；選項(xiàng)D意為“人的言行不一致”。根據(jù)第四段所提到的例子，可知選項(xiàng)C為最佳答案。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空


A man hired a taxi outside the airfield．The cab had a woolen carpet with  36 lace edges．On the glass partition that  37 the driver's seat was a copy of a famous painting．Its windows were all clean．The customer was very much  38 and said to the driver，“I've never seen a nicer  39 ．”“Thank you for your praise．”the driver answered  40 ．
“The car isn't mine，”said the driver．“It belongs to the company．I used to be a  41 of cabs．When they returned，all of them were as  42 as garbage cans with cigarette butts and rubbish  43 here and there．On the seats and door-handles could be found something  44  like peanut sauce or, chewing gum．Why so? I thought if the car itself were very clean the passengers would most  45 be considerate and refrain from littering．”
“So when I got a  46 to be a taxi-driver，I began  47 my idea into practice-to tidy and  48 the car． Now before a new passenger gets on my car，I'd make a cheek and be sure it is in good order．When my car  49 after a day's work，it always remains  50 ．”
When doing a thing，one makes efforts and wants to see the result．To change others，one has to make twice the  51 but get half the result．To change oneself is the other way round-more fruit with less effort．One had better ask oneself why one makes  52 on others much more than on oneself．  53 you take enough care to do as best you can for other people's sake，your efforts will yield results，If you  54 the inner world of your own，examine yourself and wipe out the dust and dirt，instead of fixing your eyes on other people，you will find a cheerful  55 for yourself and create a pleasant environment for others．
小題1:
A．uglyB．excitingC．brilliant D．favorite
小題2:
A．separatedB．coveredC．protected D．prevented
小題3:
A．movedB．a(chǎn)nnoyedC．disappointed D．surprised
小題4:
A．seatB．carpetC．garage D．cab
小題5:
A．naturallyB．smilinglyC．hopefully D．firmly
小題6:
A．driverB．cleanerC．repairer D．customer
小題7:
A．a(chǎn)ttractiveB．pleasantC．dirty D．clean
小題8:
A．spreadB．extendedC．dotted D．1eft
小題9:
A．funnyB．busyC．sticky D．clumsy
小題10:
A．likelyB．willinglyC．extremely D．regularly
小題11:
A．permitB．1icenseC．certificate D．passport
小題12:
A．putB．takeC．makeD．get
小題13:
A．provideB．driveC．decorate D．describe
小題14:
A．speedsB．leavesC．a(chǎn)rrives D．returns
小題15:
A．spotlessB．prettyC．bright D．dirty
小題16:
A．progressB．effortC．a(chǎn)ttempt D．trial
小題17:
A．suggestionsB．commentsC．demands D．decisions
小題18:
A．ThoughB．WhileC．As D．If
小題19:
A．look intoB．look forC．look up D．look through
小題20:
A．spiritB．moodC．mindD．sense

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


“Whatever”，totally tops most annoying word in the poll(民意測(cè)驗(yàn)).So, you know, it is what it is, but Americans are totally annoyed by the use of “whatever，，in conversations. The popular term of indifference(不感興趣)was found most annoying in conversations by 47 percent of the Americans surveyed in a Marist College poll on Wednesday.
"Whatever" easily beat out “you know," which especially annoyed a quarter of interviewers. The other annoying expressions were "anyway"(at 7 percent), “it is what it is’，(11percent) and “at the end of the day”(2 percent).
"Whatever" is an expression with staying power. It left everyone a deep impression in the song by Nirvana (“oh well, whatever, never mind”）in 1991 and was popularized by the Valley Girls in the film “Clueless”，later that decade. It is still commonly used, often by younger people.
It can be a common argument-ender or a signal of indifference. And it can really be annoying. The poll found '"whatever" to be consistently(始終地)disliked by Americans regardless of their race, sex, age, income or where they live.
“It doesn't surprise me because ‘whatever，is in a special class, probably，，，said Michael Adams, author of “Slang(俚語)~The People's Poetry" and an associate professor of English at Indiana University. "It's a word that 一 and it depends on how a speaker uses it 一 can suggest being not worthy of attention or respect.’，Adams, who didn't take part in the poll and is not annoyed by "whatever," points out that its use is not always negative. “It can also be used in place of other neutral(中性的）phrases that have fallen out of favor, like ‘six of one, half dozen of the other，.” he said. However, he also noted that the negative meaning of the word might explain why “whatever，was judged more annoying than the ever-popular "you know”.
小題1:Which tops second among the annoying expression according to the passage?'
A．Whatever.B．You know.C．Anyway.D．It is what it is.
小題2: What can we know about the word "whatever"?
A．It became popular because of Nirvana.
B．It can be commonly used at the beginning of an agreement.
C．Old people like it while young people don't.
D．Almost half of the Americans surveyed disliked it.
小題3:In Adams' opinion, the reason why “whatever”，was judged more annoying may be that   . _______
A．most of the people don't like it
B．it can be used in place of other neutral phrases
C．it carries certain negative meaning sometimes
D．the poor don't like it
小題4:Which of the following statements is true?
A．Adams is not only a writer but also a professor.
B．“Whatever” is a signal of concern.
C．Adams is angry at the word “whatever”
D．"Whatever" will be replaced by "You know”.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


My 8-year-old daughter is making an experiment. She has been making her own colorful smile cards and often takes them with her everywhere.
Last Sunday, I took my kid to go shopping with me. She was hoping to see John, who is an elderly man and gives out samples. We see him from time to time and he is so happy and friendly. John wasn’t at the store on Sunday, so my daughter decided that it would be a good idea to distribute her smile cards to the store’s other employees.
So she did. In the produce department, she gave a card to a young man and she hoped it would make him smile. And he smiled at her and thanked her. Then she came across an older gentleman who looked rather impatient. And she snuck a card into his cart on top of his groceries, remarking to me later that he looked at her suspiciously as if she was dumping trash in his cart. But I thought he would be happy later.
When we got back from our shopping trip, she had run out of cards. She was walking by a woman with two babies in her cart. My daughter smiled at her and the young mother smiled back. My daughter came to me and said excitedly, “Mom, I just realized something. You don’t need cards to make someone smile. All you need to do is make eye contact and smile into their eyes and they will smile back.” 
What a beautiful lesson my daughter reminded me of. You are never too young or too old to experiment with kindness and smiles.
小題1:At first, the writer’s daughter made an experiment by ______.
A．giving smile cardsB．giving samples
C．making eye contactD．giving groceries
小題2:According to the text, John was a man ______.
A．who is very young and livelyB．who may be a salesman
C．who is in trouble and needs smilesD．who is never seen to smile
小題3:The underlined word “distribute” in paragraph 2 probably means ______.
A．make upB．tear upC．give outD．sell out
小題4:From the text, we can learn that ______.
A．John got a smile card from the writer’s daughter
B．the older gentleman would smile later after he got the smile card
C．we could make others smile only by giving them what they wanted
D．the mother with two babies smiled because she got a smile card

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Beatrix Potter was a great English writer and artist, best known for her children’s books featuring animal characters such as in the children’s classic -- The Tale of Peter Rabbit.
Beatrix was born into a rich London-based family where she was tutored by very strict private teachers and so spent her youth isolated from other youngsters.
During her youth she had a lot of pets and spent vacations in Scotland and also the Lake District. It was at the Lake District that she developed a love of wildlife. She studied the area’s natural wonders carefully and painted them continuously. But her old-fashioned, Manchester-born parents discouraged her intellectual improvement, thinking it inappropriate for a young lady. However, her study and watercolour paintings of wild mushrooms made her widely respected within the field of biology.
In her 30’s, Beatrix Potter wrote the remarkably successful kid’s book, The Tale of Pew Rabbit. Close to that time she became secretly engaged to her publisher Norman Warne. This caused a great disagreement with her parents, who did not approve of Beatrix getting married to somebody of lower social status. Sadly, Warne died before the marriage ceremony.
Ultimately Beatrix Potter began writing and also illustrating (繪圖) kid’s books full-time. Using profits from her books, Beatrix grew to become economically independent of her parents and was eventually in a position to buy Hill Top Farm in the Lake District. She extended the property with additional purchases of neighbouring land over time. In her 40’s, Bestrix married William Heelis, a local lawyer. She ended up becoming a sheep breeder and farmer while continuing to publish as well as illustrate books for children. In all she authored 23 publications.
Beatrix died on December 22, 1943, and left the majority of her property to the National Trust. Her books carry on selling well globally, in many different languages. Her stories have been retold in numerous formats including a ballet, movies, and cartoons.
Such is her reputation, and that of the characters from her publications, that many Beatrix Potter statues have been created. These tiny Beatrix Potter statues which include pretty much all the actual characters in her publications have become highly valued by art collects and fans of her literature throughout the world.
小題1: What can we learn about Beatrix Potter’s early life?
A．She learned drawing skills from her tutors.
B．She was very sociable and outgoing.
C．She was greatly inspired by the beauty of nature.
D．She was encouraged to think creatively and independently.
小題2:Why did Beatrix Potter’s parents oppose the idea of her marriage to Norman Warne?
A．They did not believe she was mature enough to get married.
B．They thought Warne was only interested in Beatrix Potter’s wealth.
C．They believed that the couple’s characters were mismatched.
D．They considered Warne to be too common for their daughter.
小題3:According to the passage, which part of the UK did Beatrix Potter love most?
A．Manchester.B．Scotland.C．The Lake District.D．London.
小題4:In which of the following areas did Beatrix Potter show an interest during her life?
A．Writing, biology, farming.
B．Drawing, nature, ballet.
C．Movies, farming, drawing.
D．Writing, mushrooms, travel.
小題5:What is the function of the last two paragraphs of the passage?
A．To describe the consequences of Beatrix Potter’s death.
B．To present the lasting cultural influence of Beatrix Potter and her works..
C．To show the changes in attitude towards Beatrix Potter’s works over the past years.
D．To criticize the commercialization of Beatrix Potter’s characters since her death.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

閱讀下面的材料，掌握其大意，然后在26 ~ 40各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Once a man came to a wise man’s house and said, “ I have many bad habits. Which one of them should I give up first?” The wise man said, “Never tell lies __1__ always speak the truth.” The man _2_ to do so and went home.
At night the man was about to go out to steal. Before setting out, he _3__ for a moment about the promise he made to the wise man. “If he asks me where I have been, what shall I say? Shall I say I went out _4_? No, I cannot say that. But nor can I __5__. If I tell the truth, everyone will start _6__ me and call me a thief. I would be _7__ for stealing.” So the man __8__ not to steal that night, and gave up this bad habit.
Next day, he wanted to drink wine. When he was about to do so, he said to himself. “What shall I say to the wise man __9__ he asks me what I did during the day? I cannot tell a lie.” And so he gave up the _10__ of drinking wine.
In this __11__, whenever the man thought of doing something bad, he __12__ his promise to tell the truth at all times. One by one, he gave up all his bad habits and became a very __13__ person.
Telling the truth is a very good _14__. If you always tell the truth, you can save yourself from a lot of __15__ and become a person whom everyone likes and favors.
Make a promise: I shall always speak the truth.
小題1:
A．soB．forC．a(chǎn)ndD．or
小題2:
A．promisedB．happenedC．settledD．began
小題3:
A．playedB．drankC．thoughtD．slept
小題4:
A．walkingB．stealingC．studyingD．climbing
小題5:
A．moveB．sayC．lieD．help
小題6:
A．hatingB．catchingC．killingD．believing
小題7:
A．expectedB．hurtC．ignoredD．punished
小題8:
A．decidedB．forgotC．a(chǎn)skedD．pretended
小題9:
A．beforeB．sinceC．ifD．a(chǎn)s
小題10:
A．idea B．wordC．powerD．use
小題11:
A．baseB．wayC．placeD．wine
小題12:
A．recognizedB．plannedC．brokeD．remembered
小題13:
A．goodB．strongC．richD．calm
小題14:
A．customB．habitC．gameD．hobby
小題15:
A．testsB．hopesC．pleasureD．trouble

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

完形填空（共15題，每題1分，計(jì)15分）
Five years ago, when it was time for my cousin to start college, my 75-year-old grandfather, Rex, decided to do the same. He went to    1 , taking classes twice a week until his death last summer.
As a student, my grandfather spent countless hours in his office   2    and completing assignments. Although he was twice as    3     as his professors, he loved going. He said,“You can never  4    too much, no matter how old you are.”He loved everything about school. Learning new things was truly his passion.
My grandfather’s will to learn was a great   5    for me to do my best in school. We were always     6    with each other, trying to bring home the better grade.
When he turned 80 and still had a full head of hair, my grandfather felt like he could take on the       7   . He felt like he could beat the unstoppable no matter what came in his way---whether it was his continuing with cancer     8  a tough professor.
Some people look to Superman or Batman as their   9   , but my grandfather will forever be my hero, the      10   who always came to my rescue. My grandfather was made the hall of fame(名人堂) at his high school as one of the school’s most successful football players. When I did some research I   11 that his nickname was Atlas. In Greek mythology(神話), Atlas held the heavens on his shoulders. For my grandfather’s football team, he was  12 Atlas, holding the team together. He was my Atlas too, as the foundation of our family.
In my times of need he was always there to    13     me and celebrate my accomplishments. I could count on him to help me out and stand by me. The strength he  14    with me will continue to hold me up as I forever keep his memory    15   in my heart and mind.
小題1:
A．collegeB．partyC．hospitalD．cinema
小題2:
A．teachingB．talking C．studyingD．playing
小題3:
A．tallB．newC．thinD．old
小題4:
A．payB．knowC．thinkD．work
小題5:
A．exampleB．exerciseC．methodD．friend
小題6:
A．fightingB．jokingC．competingD．a(chǎn)rguing
小題7:
A．worldB．countryC．cityD．class
小題8:
A．a(chǎn)ndB．orC．soD．but
小題9:
A．heroB．studentC．professorD．grandfather
小題10:
A．otherB．onlyC．one D．same
小題11:
A．realizedB．rememberedC．discoveredD．recognized
小題12:
A．myB．hisC．theirD．our
小題13:
A．surpriseB．supplyC．warmD．support
小題14:
A．enjoyedB．sharedC．a(chǎn)ffordedD．kept
小題15:
A．a(chǎn)liveB．a(chǎn)wakeC．a(chǎn)loneD．a(chǎn)sleep

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：單選題

A year after graduation, I was offered a position teaching a writing class. Teaching was a profession I had never seriously considered, though several of my stories had been published. I accepted the job without hesitation, as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of Mr. Davis. My father went by the same name, and I liked to imagine people getting the two of us confused. “Wait a minute,” someone might say, “are talking about Mr. Davis the retired man, or Mr. Davis the respectable scholar?”
The position was offered at the last minute, and I was given two week to prepare, a period I spent searching for a briefcase and standing before my full-length mirror, repeating the words, “Hello, class, I’m Mr. Davis.” Sometimes I would give myself an aggressive voice. Sometimes I would sound experienced. But when the day eventually came, my nerves kicked in and the true Mr. Davis was there. I sounded not like a thoughtful professor, but rather a 12-year-old boy.
I arrived in the classroom with paper cards designed in the shape of maple leaves. I had cut them myself out of orange construction paper. I saw nine students along a long table. I handed out the cards, and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as I required.
“All right then,” I said. “Okay, here we go.” Then I opened my briefcase and realized that I had never thought beyond this moment. I had been thinking that the students would be the first to talk, offering their thoughts and opinions on the events of the day. I had imagined that I would sit on the edge of the desk, overlooking a forest of raised hands. Every student would shout to be heard, and I would knock on something in order to silence them. I would yell, “Calm down, you’ll all get your turn. One at a time, one at a time!”
A terrible silence ruled the room, and seeing no other opinions, I instructed the students to pull out their notebooks and write a brief essay related to the theme of deep disappointment.
小題1:The author took the job to teach writing because______________.
A．he wanted to be respectedB．he had written some stories
C．he wanted to please his fatherD．he had dreamed of being a teacher
小題2:What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 2?
A．He would be aggressive in his first class.B．He was well-prepared for his first class.
C．He got nervous upon the arrival of his first class.D．He waited long for the arrival of his first class.
小題3:Before he started his class, the author asked the students to_______.
A．write down their suggestions on the paper cards
B．cut maple leaves out of the construction paper
C．cut some cards out the construction paper
D．write down their names on the paper cards
小題4: What did the students do when the author started his class?
A．They began to talk.B．They stayed silent.
C．They raised their hands.D．They shouted to be heard.
小題5:The author chose the composition topic probably because________.
A．he got disappointed with his first class
B．he had prepared the topic before class.
C．he wanted to calm down the students
D．he thought it was an easy topic

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1-15各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
In a small village, there lived a potter(陶工) who had a donkey. Every day his donkey would carry soil from the ___1___ to his house. Since the field was quite far off, the potter would ___2___ under a tree midway, tying(拴) his donkey nearby.
One day, the potter __3__ to take the rope with which he tied the donkey every day. When he reached the __4__, he became worried and didn’t know what to do. At that time, a saint(圣人) __5__ to be passing by. When the potter told the saint what his __6__ was, he said, “Take the __7__ to the place where you tie him every day. __8__ to tie him using an imaginary rope. He won’t run away.” The potter did what the saint had said.
When he woke up, to his __9__ and relief, he found the donkey standing in the __10__ place. But to his frustration, when he prepared to leave for __11__, the donkey did not move. __12__, the potter saw the wise saint again and told him about the donkey’s __13__ behavior. The saint said, “Go and pretend to untie the rope.” The potter __14__ the saint’s advice.
Now the donkey was ready to leave for home. The potter thanked the wise saint and went home __15__ his donkey.
1. A. factory      B. garden           C. field             D. village
2. A. stand        B. rest             C. sing             D. dance
3. A. forgot       B. decided          C. expected         D. agreed
4. A. stone        B. tree             C. bridge           D. house
5. A. failed        B. attempted        C. happened        D. managed
6. A. animal       B. plant            C. problem         D. result
7. A. bird         B. flower           C. donkey          D. rope
8. A. Believe      B. Learn           C. Wish           D. Pretend
9. A. surprise      B. disappointment    C. anger           D. regret
10. A. similar      B. special           C. same           D. wrong
11. A. field        B. school           C. home           D. hospital
12. A. Quickly     B. Luckily           C. Unfortunately    D. Badly
13. A. funny       B. foolish           C. proper          D. strange
14. A offered       B. followed         C. refused         D. received
15. A. happily      B. sadly            C. seriously       D. casually

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