Question

【題目】Chokwe Selassie, aged 13, is working hard to help drivers avoid potholes(坑洼). The eighth-grader was inspired to kick off his creation on a recent morning, when his mother was driving him to school. Their car was damaged as it went over a huge pothole in the middle of the street in their hometown of Jackson, Mississippi. He decided to do something about the pothole problem in his city.

Chokwe developed the app with his friends Rodriguez Ratliff and Emmanuel Brooks. When the app detects a pothole, it is highlighted in red. And if you get close to the pothole, your phone will warn you with a beep. Drivers can also use the app to report any potholes and look for other routes they can take to avoid roads that have them.

The app relies on current available information about the streets of Jackson, already stored in a database of the city’s 311 call system. Through the call system, citizens dial 3-1-1 to report non-emergency problems which include potholes. Chokwe and his friends determined that focusing on the 10 busiest streets in Jackson would give them a large enough sample size to test the prototype.

While developing the app, the boys took part in a Minority Male Makers Program sponsored by Verizon and held at Jackson State University. They learned 3D printing and design, and how to create apps. Through the program Chokwe and his friends received encouragement and guidance.

Although the app isn’t yet available for sale, Chokwe is already looking for ways to improve the app. He hopes to add more to it until it spreads all over the country.

【1】Why is the car damage mentioned in the first paragraph?

A. To scold the road builders.

B. To introduce their bad luck.

C. To tell the inspiration for the app.

D. To warn the danger of careless driving.

【2】What is the app used to do?

A. Warn drivers about potholes.

B. Help drivers obey traffic rules.

C. Stop drivers using mobile phones.

D. Tell drivers to avoid red lights.

【3】How does the app work through the 311 call system?

A. By replying to citizens’ calls.

B. By broadcasting traffic accidents.

C. By settling non- emergency problems.

D. By using its information about potholes.

【4】Which can be Chokwe’s future target?

A. Encouraging more kids to create apps.

B. Taking part in more learning programs.

C. Making the app available for sale online.

D. Making the app include streets nationwide.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】D

【4】D

【解析】

試題分析：本文講述了一個美國少年在一次媽媽開車送他到學(xué)校的過程中，因?yàn)槁访嬗幸粋�大坑，致使他們的汽車損壞，而產(chǎn)生了研發(fā)檢測路面有坑洼的app。現(xiàn)在這個app已經(jīng)儲存有Jackson街道的路面坑洼的信息，未來他希望添加全國道路的信息。

【1】C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段后兩句Their car was damaged as it went over a huge pothole in the middle of the street in their hometown of Jackson, Mississippi. He decided to do something about the pothole problem in his city.可知，在第一段提到汽車受損是為了告訴讀者檢測路面有坑洼的APP的靈感。故選C。

【2】A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段三、四句if you get close to the pothole, your phone will warn you with a beep（如果你靠近坑洼，你的電話會警告你一聲。）Drivers can also use the app to report any potholes and look for other routes they can take to avoid roads that have them.（司機(jī)也可以使用應(yīng)用程序來報(bào)告任何坑洼，尋找他們可以采取的其他路線，以避免他們走的道路。）可知，選A。

【3】D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句The app relies on current available information about the streets of Jackson, already stored in a database of the city’s 311 call system. Through the call system, citizens dial 3-1-1 to report non-emergency problems which include potholes.（該程序依賴當(dāng)前可利用的關(guān)于Jackson街道的信息，信息已存儲在城市的311呼叫系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫中，通過這個呼叫系統(tǒng)，人們撥打311來報(bào)告非緊急問題，其中包括路面坑洼的問題。）可知，故選D。

【4】D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句He hopes to add more to it until it spreads all over the country.（他希望往里增填更多的信息，直到它遍布全國各地。）D. Making the app include streets nationwide.中的nationwide（全國范圍的）是關(guān)鍵詞，它和文中的spreads all over the country是同義，故選D。

【名師點(diǎn)撥】

推理判斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出一定的推理判斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，所以，推理題的答案只能是根據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即對原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。推理判斷題的題干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等標(biāo)志性詞語。 這種題型主要包括細(xì)節(jié)判斷題、態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)推斷題、寫作意圖推斷題、文章出處判斷題和猜測想象推斷題。比如，【1】C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段后兩句Their car was damaged as it went over a huge pothole in the middle of the street in their hometown of Jackson, Mississippi. He decided to do something about the pothole problem in his city.可知，在第一段提到汽車受損是為了告訴讀者檢測路面有坑洼的APP的靈感。故選C。