In modem society there is a great deal of argument about competition．Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity．Others say that competition is bad, that it sets one person against another and that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．

I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied(依賴)on how well they performed at tennis and other skills．For them，playing well and winning are often life-and-death affair. In their single-minded pursuit(追求)of success，the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．

However，while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude．In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition．Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success .By not trying，they always have an excuse：“I may have lost，but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.’’ What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot．Such a loss would be a measure of their worth．

Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others．Both are afraid of not being valued．Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(緩解)can we discover a new meaning in competition．

1.What does this passage mainly talk about?

A．Competition helps to set up self-respect．

B．Opinions about competition are different among people．

C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development．

D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition．

2.Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?

A．It pushes society forward．

B．it builds up a sense of duty．

C．It improves personal abilities．

D．It encourages individual efforts．

3.The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means________．

A．those who try their best to win

B．those who value competition most highly

C．those who are against competition most strongly

D．those who rely on others most for success

4.What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”?

A．One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others’．

B．One’s success in competition needs great efforts．

C．One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills．

D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried．

5.Which point of view may the author agree to?

A．Every effort should be paid back．

B．Competition should be encouraged．

C．Winning should be a life—and—death matter．

D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．

 

【答案】

1.B

2.A

3.C

4.A

5.D

【解析】

試題分析：本文主要講述的是人們對(duì)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的態(tài)度，有人認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有很多的好處，也有人認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有很多的壞處。

1.B 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容可知本文主要講述的是人們對(duì)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的態(tài)度，有人認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有很多的好處，也有人認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有很多的壞處。故B正確。

2.A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第2句Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity說(shuō)明競(jìng)爭(zhēng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致社會(huì)的進(jìn)步和繁榮。故A正確。

3.C 推理題。根據(jù)本句Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．句意說(shuō)明最反對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的人是那些遭受到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的壓力的人。故該詞是指C項(xiàng)正確。

4.A 推理題。根據(jù)第3段4,5,6行Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success .By not trying，they always have an excuse：“I may have lost，but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.’’這些人不想努力，總個(gè)自己的不努力找理由，總是認(rèn)為自己如果自己努力了，就可以成功的。是指這些人把自己的情況放在別人的表現(xiàn)上。故A正確。

5.D 推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．和Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(緩解)can we discover a new meaning in competition．說(shuō)明我們不應(yīng)該對(duì)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有恐懼，要多參加這樣的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。才能提高自己。

考點(diǎn)：考查議論文閱讀

點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文主要講述的是人們對(duì)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的態(tài)度，有人認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有很多的好處，也有人認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有很多的壞處。本文主旨鮮明,很容易在文中找到答案。做題時(shí)要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因?yàn)樗鼈兺褪俏恼碌闹黝}句。閱讀中要注意要點(diǎn)之間的關(guān)系。然后帶著問(wèn)題，再讀全文，找出答題所需要的依據(jù)，完成閱讀任務(wù)。

 

練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：天津市六校2010屆高三第三次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題 題型：閱讀理解

Few of us haven't read Cinderella, the story of a young woman living in poverty who meets the prince of her dreams, Some might not want to admit it, but there is a hidden Cinderella in everyone's heart—we all wish we could achieve recognition or success after a period of obscurity（默默無(wú)聞） or neglect．
Mary Santiago has that secret dream, too．Her story is featured in Another Cinderella Story, a film set in a US high Mary is shy but loves to dance．Compared with other girls, she is invisible．However, her world changes completely when a famous teenage pop singer, Joey Parker, appears．
Joey is everything the rest of the boys in her class are not—kind, handsome and desirable．Mary and Joey's paths cross at a ball．They meet and falHn love with each other．But when Mary has to．rush back home, she leaves behind her MP3 player, which becomes the only clue Joey has to find the girl of his dreams．Of course, there is a wicked（邪惡的） stepmother, who turns out to be Dominique Blatt and she takes in Mary after her dancer mother dies．Dominique treats Mary like a maid and does everything she can to make sure Mary doesn't get into the top dance school．Her two daughters are equally determined to stop Joey falling for Mary, even if that means embarrassing her．
The story, though it mostly follows Cinderella, does add a few modem day twists to the classic fairy tale．Refreshingly, the film, unlike many high school films, does not focus on looks, although the actors are all beautiful．There is also a lot less materialism in Another Cinderella Story than in many similar movies．
"The movie takes the Cinderella fairytale as its jumping off point," writes movie critic Amber Wilkinson．"The focus is firmly on following your dream．"
【小題1】The first paragraph is mainly to _____．

A．build interest and lead us to Mary's secret dream
B．remind us why Cinderella is popular all the years
C．inform us of the main topic of the whole passage
D．tell us how interesting the fairy tale Cinderella is
【小題2】In the movie, Mary Santiago is the main character who     .
A．is brave in expressing her iove[來(lái)源:學(xué)&科&網(wǎng)]
B．is attended badly by the stepmother
C．has a dream of meeting a prince
D．is embarrassed by the pop singer
【小題3】What can we infer from the passage?
A．Joey is just like other boys in Mary's class．
B．Mary's mother influences her a lot m singing．
C．Not many people have a dream to be realized．
D．The MP3 player helps Joey in finding Mary．
【小題4】The passage is mainly _____．
A．a(chǎn)n introduction to a film
B．a(chǎn) review about a film
C．a(chǎn)n essay about dreams
D．a(chǎn)n advertisement of Cinderella
【小題5】According to the passage．Another Cinderella Story _____．
A．follows Cinderella with nothing new[來(lái)源:學(xué)_科_網(wǎng)]
B．pays more attention to the looks of the actors
C．encourages young people to follow their dreams
D．focuses more on materialism than other films

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2013-2014學(xué)年山東省濰坊市高三3月模擬考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Today，we are told，children don’t spend enough time in the fresh air．Many of them are addicted to a screen either on a computer or a TV—they seem to be living in a virtual world．They have lost touch with nature．

But now 400 organizations in the UK，from playgroups to the National Health Service，are encouraging children to have some“wild time”．They want kids to swap at least 30 minutes of watching TV or playing computer games for time playing outside．Activities such as building dens, climbing trees, rummaging for conkers and playing hide and seek are just some of the things kids can do. Even if they live in a city，they can go on adventures in the garden or the park．

Children often need a helping hand from mum and dad．They need to be shown what to do and where to go．Andy Simpson from National Health Service says，“We want parents to see what this magical wonder product does for their kids’ development，independence and creativity，by giving wild time a go”．

    So despite the complicated world that young people grow up in now，it seems that going back to basics and experiencing“nature’s playground”is what modern children need．David Bond from Project Wild Thing says，“We need to make more space for wild time in children’s daily routine，freeing this generation of kids to have the sort of experiences that many of us took for granted”．

This might sound a bit old fashioned to you or maybe，like me，it’s made you think about sticking on your boots，getting outdoors and reliving your childhood．There’s no age limit on enjoying yourself!

1.What is the best title of the text?

A．Wild time for children    B．Benefits of wild time

C．More space for children   D．Adventures of children

2.Children are encouraged to do the following activities except       

A．building dens         B．climbing trees

C．playing hide and seek   D．watching TV

3.According to Andy Simpson，we know that      

A．wild time is hard to design

B．wild time is beneficial for children

C．parents know the importance of wild time

D．parents like keeping their children indoors

4.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4 ?

A．Modem children need wild time． 

B．Adults value outdoor activities．

C．The present world is complicated． 

D．This generation of kids have no freedom．

5.The last paragraph suggests that       

A．people like recalling the past        

B．it is out of date to go outdoors

C．it is too late for adults to enjoy nature  

D．people at any age can enjoy wild time

 

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2014屆山東省濟(jì)寧市高二12月質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

They may be just passing your office, computer bag slung (懸掛) over one shoulder. Or they may be sitting in a car outside it, causally tapping away at a laptop. They look like innocent passers-by. In fact, they are stealing your corporate secrets.

Drive-by hacking is the trendy term given to the practice of breaking into wireless computer networks from outside the buildings that house them. A recent study in the UK, sponsored by RSA Data Security, found that two-thirds of organizations with wireless networks were risking their data in this way. Security experts patrolled (巡邏) several streets in the City of London seeking evidence of wireless networks in operation.

Of 124 that they identified, 83 were sending data without encrypting（加密）them. Such data could readily be picked up by a passer-by armed only with a portable computer, a wireless modem and a few pieces of software that can be freely downloaded from the Internet.

The data could include sensitive company documents containing valuable information. Or they could be e-mail identities and passwords that could be used by hackers to log into corporate networks as if they were legal users.

Most companies using wireless networking technology do not take even the simplest of measures to protect their data. Nearly all wireless network technology comes with some basic security features that need only to be activated (激活) in order to give a minimum level of security, for example, by encrypting the data being passed over the network.

Raymon Kruck, business development manager at Check Point Software, a security technology specialist, believes this could be partly a psychological problem. People see the solid walls of their building as safeguards and forget that wireless networks can extend up to 200 meters beyond physical walls.

Companies without any security at all on their wireless networks make it ridiculously easy for hackers to break in. Switching on the security that comes with the network technology should be automatic. Then there are other basic steps a company can take, says Mr. Kruck, such as changing the passwords on the network from the default (默認(rèn)) setting.

Companies can also install firewalls, which form a barrier between the internal network and the public Internet. They should also check their computer records regularly to spot any abnormal activity, which might betray the presence of a hacker.

1.According to the study sponsored by RSA Data Security, two thirds of the subjects _______.

A．had most of their company data stolen

B．depended on wireless computer networks

C．were exposed to drive-by hacking

D．were unaware of the risk of wireless hacking

2.Whichof the following is NOT considered in the study?

A．The number of computer hacking incidents.

B．The number of wireless computer networks identified.

C．The way in which data are sent and received.

D．The way in which data are hacked and stolen.

3.Most wireless network technology has_________.

A．data encryption program                 B．password security programs

C．illegal-user detection                    D．firewall

4.Raymond Kruck most probably agrees that wireless network security involves ________.

A．wireless signal administration              B．changes in user’s awareness

C．users’ psychological health              D．stronger physical walls

5.The passage is most likely to be seen in a __________

A．book review       B．science fiction      C．textbook          D．computer magazine

 

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2013屆江西高樟豐宜四校高二下學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

They may be just passing your office, computer bag slung (懸掛) over one shoulder. Or they may be sitting in a car outside it, causally tapping away at a laptop. They look like innocent passers-by. In fact, they are stealing your corporate secrets.

Drive-by hacking is the trendy term given to the practice of breaking into wireless computer networks from outside the buildings that house them. A recent study in the UK, sponsored by RSA Data Security, found that two-thirds of organizations with wireless networks were risking their data in this way. Security experts patrolled (巡邏) several streets in the City of London seeking evidence of wireless networks in operation.

Of 124 that they identified, 83 were sending data without encrypting（加密）them. Such data could readily be picked up by a passer-by armed only with a portable computer, a wireless modem and a few pieces of software that can be freely downloaded from the Internet.

The data could include sensitive company documents containing valuable information. Or they could be e-mail identities and passwords that could be used by hackers to log into corporate networks as if they were legal users.

Most companies using wireless networking technology do not take even the simplest of measures to protect their data. Nearly all wireless network technology comes with some basic security features that need only to be activated (激活) in order to give a minimum level of security, for example, by encrypting the data being passed over the network.

Raymon Kruck, business development manager at Check Point Software, a security technology specialist, believes this could be partly a psychological problem. People see the solid walls of their building as safeguards and forget that wireless networks can extend up to 200 meters beyond physical walls.

Companies without any security at all on their wireless networks make it ridiculously easy for hackers to break in. Switching on the security that comes with the network technology should be automatic. Then there are other basic steps a company can take, says Mr. Kruck, such as changing the passwords on the network from the default (默認(rèn)) setting.

Companies can also install firewalls, which form a barrier between the internal network and the public Internet. They should also check their computer records regularly to spot any abnormal activity, which might betray the presence of a hacker.

1.According to the study sponsored by RSA Data Security, two thirds of the subjects _______.

A. had most of their company data stolen   

B. depended on wireless computer networks

C. were exposed to drive-by hacking

D. were unaware of the risk of wireless hacking

2.Which of the following is NOT considered in the study?

A. The number of computer hacking incidents.

B. The number of wireless computer networks identified.

C. The way in which data are sent and received.

D. The way in which data are hacked and stolen.

3.Most wireless network technology has_________.

A. data encryption program    

B. password security programs

C. illegal-user detection    

D. firewall

4.Raymond Kruck most probably agrees that wireless network security involves ________.

A. wireless signal administration  

B. changes in user’s awareness

C. users’ psychological health     

D. stronger physical walls

5.The passage is most likely to be seen in a __________

  A. book review    B. science fiction   C. textbook   D. computer magazine

 

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2010-2011年貴州省高一下學(xué)期期末考試（英語(yǔ)） 題型：閱讀理解

Beginning in October, more than 13,000 McDonald’s (麥當(dāng)勞)restaurants in America will use a new variety of cooking oil. McDonald' s aims to make its French fries (油炸食品) and other fried foods healthier.

The change will not affect the taste or the number of calories in the food. But by changing the cooking oil, McDonald’s says, it hopes to cut by nearly half the amount of trans fatty acids (轉(zhuǎn)換脂肪酸) in French fries and reduce the amount of saturated fats(飽和脂肪) by 16 percent. Scientists believe that trans fatty acids and saturated fats raise cholesterol(膽固醇) levels and increase the risk of heart disease.

McDonald's new step is important because McDonald’s is an industry leader and other fast-food chains and food processors may follow the lead.

For McDonald's ,the action comes at a time when Americans are becoming more and more concerned about; obesity (肥胖) and are increasing pressure on food companies to offer healthy and nutritious (有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的) food to consumers.

After three years of study, McDonald’s officials say they are switching oil that is lower in saturated fats and trans fatty acids. McDonald's says the change will not cause higher price for consumers.

Though there is some change, scientists say that the amount of trans fat in foods at McDonald's and at other fast-food companies is still important.

1.More than 13,000 McDonald's restaurants in America will use a new kind of cooking oil to ______________.

A．lower the costs of the products

B．maker its food taste hatter than ever before

C．cure (治愈) the heart disease

D．do good to the health of consumers

2.The underlined ward "switching" here has the same meaning as "   _______ ".

A．turning on

B．turning off

C．changing

D．studying

3.The main idea of the passage is    __________ .

A．McDonald's is a pioneer in food products

B．McDonald's is enlarging its restaurants in the world

C．fried foods can’t keep up with the development of modem society

D．McDonald’s is to use new cooking oil

4.When a new kind of cooking oil is used in McDonald’s,     ________ 

A．the prices of McDonald’s foods will be a tot higher

B．consumers will find the taste of McDonald’s foods different

C．many other food companies will do what McDonald's does

D．obesity will disappear in American society sooner or later

 

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案