【題目】An experiment was done on macaques（獼猴）.They【1】(give)a chain and taught that they would be fed if they pulled【2】chain.The catch,however,was that every time they pulled the chain,another macaque would be shocked.

Even though it meant risking starvation,87% of the macaques refused【3】(pull) the chain if they knew it would hurt another macaque.In one case,a macaque went a full two weeks without eating rather than deal with the guilt of【4】(hurt) another animal.

It's pretty impressive when you compare that to another study because another group of【5】(science) did a similar experiment on a different animal-humans.They paid people to pull a lever（杠桿）【6】they said would shock another person with【7】(electric).That other person was an actor who pretended to be【8】great pain every time they pulled the lever.In the experiment,a full 87% of the people pulled the lever all the way to a space【9】(mark) "Danger!Severe Shock!"even while hearing their victim scream painfully.It was all to get a few dollars that they could have【10】(easy) earned by getting a job at McDonald's.

【答案】

【1】were given

【2】the

【3】to pull

【4】hurting

【5】scientists

【6】that/which

【7】electricity

【8】in

【9】marked

【10】easily

【解析】本文主要講述了科學(xué)家做的兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，一個(gè)以獼猴為對(duì)象，一個(gè)以人類為對(duì)象。本文考察詞性變換，固定短語(yǔ)搭配以及定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。

【1】考察被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：它們被給予一根鏈條。全文時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以填were given。

【2】考察冠詞。句意：它們被教導(dǎo)如果拉動(dòng)鏈條，它們將會(huì)被投喂食物。Chain在前文已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)，此處特指“這個(gè)鏈條”，所以用定冠詞the。

【3】考察固定短語(yǔ)搭配。拒絕做某事：refuse to do sth. 句意：87%的獼猴拒絕拉動(dòng)鏈條。故填to pull。

【4】考察非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：一只獼猴整整挨了兩個(gè)星期的餓，也不愿面對(duì)傷害另一只獼猴的罪惡感。介詞of后面應(yīng)該接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，所以將hurt改為動(dòng)名詞形式hurting。

【5】考察單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“另外一組科學(xué)家”可知應(yīng)該填science的名詞形式scientist，表示“科學(xué)家”。一組科學(xué)家不可能是單數(shù)，所以還要將scientist變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式scientists。

【6】考察定語(yǔ)從句。句意：他們給拉動(dòng)杠桿的人錢，杠桿會(huì)電擊另外一個(gè)人。先行詞為a lever，所以用that或which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。故填that/which。

【7】考察詞性變化。句意：杠桿用電觸擊另外一個(gè)人。所以將形容詞electric變?yōu)槊~electricity，表示“電，電流”。故填electricity。

【8】考察介詞。句意：另外一個(gè)人是演員，每次別人拉動(dòng)杠桿，他就假裝處于極大的痛苦中。固定短語(yǔ)in pain：處于痛苦中。類似的短語(yǔ)還有in danger：處于危險(xiǎn)中。故填in。

【9】考察非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。space和mark之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用mark的過(guò)去分詞形式做后置定語(yǔ)，表示：標(biāo)記著“危險(xiǎn)！重?fù)?/span>!”的地方。故填marked。

【10】考察詞性變化。句意：那只是為了得到幾美元，那幾美元他們?cè)邴湲?dāng)勞工作就可以輕松賺到。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知將形容詞easy改為副詞easily，修飾動(dòng)詞earn，表示“輕輕松松掙到”。故填easily。

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