Question

【題目】 Many science fiction stories tell about explorers arriving in a new world. The explorers then use some kind of high-tech device to test for breathable air or signs of life. But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or e-DNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare species or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.

Environmental DNA can be used in two ways. One is to identify the creatures that live in a certain place. The other is to confirm the presence or lack of a specific creature.

Caren Goldberg is one of the first biologists in the northwestern United States to take the technology from the testing stage to actually using it. She sees e-DNA as a way to get answers more efficiently, and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. Until recently, scientists depended on diving deep, netting or using an electric current to temporarily catch fish.

This newer way to identify what lives in the environment is becoming popular around the world. Animal experts in Vietnam are using the e-DNA to find the last, wild Yangtze giant softshell turtles. One researcher on the Caribbean island of Trinidad is using the sampling technology to find endangered golden tree-frogs. And in Madagascar, it is being used to identify amphibian (兩棲動物) diseases.

Ms. Goldberg has used e-DNA testing to confirm the local extinction of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. She has also been asked to document the spread of the New Zealand mud-snail in the state of Washington. The creature has been found in lakes and other waterways across the state.

Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.

【1】By using e-DNA, Caren Goldberg has ________.

A.succeeded in catching many fishes.

B.found the existence of golden treefrogs.

C.documented the spread of softshell turtles.

D.proved the disappearance of the leopard frog in Idaho.

【2】What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A.Robots will replace scientists soon.

B.Some scientists are against using e-DNA.

C.The old-fashioned field work may disappear.

D.Many biologists are unwilling to do the field work.

【3】The passage can be sorted as a(n) ________.

A.science fictionB.experiment report

C.science reportD.bio-diversity discovery

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】C

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要向讀者介紹了科學(xué)界一項新的采樣技術(shù)，即環(huán)境DNA，這項技術(shù)可以利用一點空氣或水識別罕見的外來入侵物種或研究生物的多樣性。本文介紹了這項技術(shù)的三個方面：主要用途；生物學(xué)家Caren Goldberg對它的評價；它正在世界各地流行起來。

【1】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Ms. Goldberg has used e-DNA testing to confirm the local extinction of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho.可知，戈德伯格女士利用e-DNA檢測證實了美國愛達荷州當?shù)乇�蛙的滅絕。故選D項。

【2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.可知，從事這項技術(shù)的科學(xué)家不希望機器人在短期內(nèi)取代野外生物學(xué)家。但是很快，老式的實地調(diào)查可能會成為針對目標。由此可以推斷出，老式的實地調(diào)查可能會消失。故選C項。

【3】推理判斷題。由第一段But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or e-DNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare species or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.可知，在地球上，通過一種名為環(huán)境DNA的新采樣技術(shù)，科幻小說正在變成現(xiàn)實�？茖W(xué)家可以用它來鑒定稀有物種，或者用少量的空氣或水來估計魚類的數(shù)量。由此可推斷出，本文不是科幻小說，而是一篇科學(xué)報道。故選C項。

推斷題定義：在理解原文字面意思的基礎(chǔ)上，通過對語篇邏輯關(guān)系的分析和細節(jié)的暗示，做出一定的判斷和推理，從而得到文章的深層意義及隱含意義的過程。出現(xiàn)特征：在考題中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的詞有infer，imply，indicate，conclude，learn from，probably，most likely，prove /according to等。如第2小題問的是從最后一段可推斷出什么，根據(jù)最后一段可知“從事這項技術(shù)的科學(xué)家不希望機器人在短期內(nèi)取代野外生物學(xué)家”，因此A項不正確；B項、D項并未被提及；最后一句提到“但是很快，老式的實地調(diào)查可能會成為針對目標”，我們可以推斷出老式的實地調(diào)查可能會消失。故選C項。