Question

In the Caucasus (高加索) region of Russia, nearly 50 out of every 100,000 people live to celebrate their 100th birthday, and many don’t stop at 100! By comparison, in America only 3 people in 100,000 reach 100. But these Russian old people aren’t alone. The Pakistanis, who live high in the Himalaya Mountains, and the Ecuadorans (厄瓜多爾人) of the Andes Mountains seem to share the secret of long life, too.

These people remain healthy in body and spirit despite the passage of time. While many older persons in industrial societies become weak and ill in their 60s and 70s, some Caucasians aged 100 to 140, work in the fields beside their great-great-grandchildren. Even the idea of aging is foreign to them. When asked “at what age does youth end?” most of these old people had no answer. Several replied, “Well, perhaps at age 80.”

What accounts for (解釋) this ability to survive to such old age, and to survive so well? First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long-living people. They begin their long days of physical labor as children and never seem to stop. For example, Mr. Rustam Mamedov is 142 years of age. His wife is 116 years old. They have been married for 90 years. Mr. Mamedov has no intention of retiring from his life as a farmer. “Why? What else would I do?” he asks. All these people get healthful rewards from the environment in which they work. They all come from mountainous regions. They live and work at elevations (海拔) of 1,660 to 1,000 meters above sea level. The air has less oxygen and is pollution-free. This reduced-oxygen environment makes the heart and blood vessel (血管) system stronger.

Another factor that may contribute to the good health of these people is their isolation. To a great extent (程度), they are separated from the pressures and worries of industrial society. Inherited (遺傳) factors also play some role. Most of the longest-living people had parents and grandparents who also reached very old ages. Good family genes may, therefore, be one factor in living longer.

1.The example of Mr. and Mrs. Mamedov implies that some Caucasians aged 100 to 140 _________.

A. become weak and hopeless

B. benefit from physical work

C. are too old to work in the fields

D. are still working in the fields

2. What is the main way of life for all of these long-living people?

A. Retiring from their lives as farmers.

B. Having been married for 90 years.

C. Hard physical work.

D. Having no intentions.

3.Which of the following factors is NOT helpful to people’s health and long life?

A. Clean mountain air. B. Daily hard work.

C. Good genes D. Stress and pressure.

4.What does the underlined word “isolation” mean?

A. the state of being separated B. pressure

C. lack of physical labour D. worry

5.What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Russian people live longer than Americans

B. People in the city live longer than those in the country

C. The reason why mountainous people live longer

D. Pressures and worries contribute to long life

Answer 1

1.B

2.C

3.D

4.A

5.C

【解析】

試題分析：本文描述了很多地方人民健康長壽并始分析人民長壽的原因—干凈的空氣，體力勞動，遠(yuǎn)離壓力以及遺傳。

1. 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段2,3句First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long-living people. They begin their long days of physical labor as children and never seem to stop.可知這些地區(qū)人長壽的秘密之一就是體力勞動，接著就舉例說明了Mr. and Mrs. Mamedov。故B正確。

2. 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)根據(jù)第三段2,3句First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long-living people. They begin their long days of physical labor as children and never seem to stop可知這些人長壽的第一個原因就是他們長時間參加體力勞動，讓他們的身體很健康。根據(jù)Mr. Mamedov has no intention of retiring from his life as a farmer.可知A項說法是錯誤的；B項也只是個別現(xiàn)象，沒有普遍性。D項敘述不清楚。故C符合題目要求。

3. 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后兩段The air has less oxygen and is pollution-free和Another factor that may contribute to the good health of these people is their isolation. To a great extent (程度), they are separated from the pressures and worries of industrial society. Inherited (遺傳) factors also play some role. 可知ABC三項都是這些人健康長壽的原因。D項不是，實際上D項是很多人不健康的主要原因。

4. 猜測詞義題。根據(jù)下一句To a great extent (程度), they are separated from the pressures and worries of industrial society.這些人與工業(yè)社會的壓力和擔(dān)憂隔開很遠(yuǎn)。所以該詞表示的是“隔離的狀態(tài)”。故A正確。

5. 主旨大意題。作者在1,2段描述了很多地方人民健康長壽，從第三段開始分析人民長壽的原因。本文主要就是告訴我們這些人長壽的原因—干凈的空氣，體力勞動，遠(yuǎn)離壓力以及遺傳。故C正確。

考點：健康類閱讀理解