【題目】People born in winter are more likely to suffer mental health disorders, according to a recent study carried out by researchers at Vanderbilt University in Tennessee.

Researchers raised baby mice from birth to weaning (斷奶) in either “summer” light cycles of 16 hours of light and 8 hours of dark or “winter” cycles of 8 hours of light and 16 hours of dark. A third group experienced 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark a day.

Then half the winter mice stayed in a winter cycle, while half switched to a summer schedule. The summer mice were similarly split. The mice raised in equal periods of light and dark were split into three groups, one of which stayed on the 12hour schedule, one of which joined the winter group, and one of which joined the summer group.

After 28 days, it turns out the summerborn mice behaved the same whether they stayed on the summer cycle or switched to winter. But among the winterborn mice, those stayed in winter kept their previous schedule, while those that switched to summer stayed active for an extra hour and a half, which indicates that mice born and weaned in a winter light cycle showed dramatic disruptions（破壞） in their biological clocks.

The finding is the first of its kind in mammals, and it could explain why people born in winter are at higher risk for mental health disorders.

“We know that the biological clock regulates(管理) mood in humans,” said study researcher McMahon. “If the mechanism (機(jī)制) similar to the one that we found in mice operates in humans, then it could not only have an effect on a number of behavioral disorders, but also have a more general effect on personality.”

【1】 How many groups of mice are there finally in all in the experiment?

A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven.

【2】What's the main idea of the text?

A．The biological clock regulates mood in humans.

B．People born in winter are at higher risk for physical health disorders.

C．Being born in winter has a negative effect on people's mental health.

D．The length of light will influence the behavior of the mice.

【3】 The underlined word “split”(Paragraph 3) can be replaced by ________.

A．divided B．torn C．hit D．ended

【4】Who is probably the reader of the passage?

A．A jobhunter.

B．A student in the university.

C．A newlymarried couple.

D．An experienced dentist.

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】A

【4】C

【解析】

試題分析：本文介紹了一項(xiàng)最新的研究結(jié)果，結(jié)果表明冬天出生的人更容易患心理疾病。

【1】D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在第二段中提到了分成了三組，而在第三段中又將這三組分別分 成了兩組、兩組和三組，因此在實(shí)驗(yàn)中一共有七組老鼠。選D

【2】C主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章的第一段就開門見山地點(diǎn)明了本文的主旨， 即冬天出生的人更有可能存在心理障礙，因此選 C。

【3】A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句及畫線詞后面的“were split into three groups” 可推知，“split”與“divided”同義，意為“被分開”。故選A。

【4】C推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文告訴我們出生時(shí)間對(duì)人的精神健康的影響， 再結(jié)合四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)可知，新婚夫婦應(yīng)是最合適的讀者。選C

【名師點(diǎn)撥】

如何做好推理判斷題？考生做題時(shí)一定要從整體上把握語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)容，在語(yǔ)篇的表面意義與隱含意義、已知信息與未知信息間架起橋梁，透過(guò)字里行間，去體會(huì)作者的弦外之音。首先，要求考生在閱讀時(shí)，要抓住文章的主題和細(xì)節(jié)，分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，挖掘文章的深層含義。在進(jìn)行推理時(shí)，考生一定要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，千萬(wàn)不可脫離原文而僅憑個(gè)人的看法，主觀臆斷。其次，對(duì)于暗含在文章中的人物的行為動(dòng)機(jī)、事件的因果關(guān)系及作者未言明的傾向、意圖、態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等要進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的判斷、推理、分析，進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)理解能力，抓住材料實(shí)質(zhì)性的東西。15.【4】C推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文告訴我們出生時(shí)間對(duì)人的精神健康的影響， 再結(jié)合四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)可知，新婚夫婦應(yīng)是最合適的讀者。選C

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