Question

【題目】The common cold is the world’s most widespread illness,which is probably why there are more myths about it than any of the other illnesses.

The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in distant and isolated Arctic regions explorers have reposed being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected(感染的) people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes．

At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long periods of time．After taking hot baths，they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be doused(浸入) with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty(通風(fēng)的) room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to complete tiredness. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose．

If,then,cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? Despite the most pains—taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people are more likely to stay together indoors in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on．

No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片) such as aspirin,but all they do is to relieve the symptoms．

【1】The fact that the Eskimos don’t suffer colds shows that ________.

A. colds are really full of myths

B. viruses are the factors causing colds

C. colds are more serious than other illnesses

D. the idea that cold leads to colds doesn’t stand up

【2】The experiments mentioned in Paragraph 3 made it clear that ________.

A. it was viruses not wet and cold that made people have colds

B. taking hot baths made the volunteers easy to be tired

C. being doused with cold water did harm to one’s body

D. people who would like to exercise in the rain got colds more easily

【3】According to the passage, colds are commonly seen in winter because ________.

A. staying together indoors makes it easier for viruses to pass on

B. viruses can go into people’s warm bodies more easily in winter

C. there is great difference between indoor and outdoor temperature

D. People are usually weak because of the extreme cold in winter

【4】The passage mainly discusses ________.

A. the experiments on colds

B. the myths about colds

C. the reason and the way people catch colds

D. the continued spread of common colds

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】A

【4】C

【解析】

試題分析：本文通過(guò)大量實(shí)驗(yàn)和實(shí)例來(lái)證明，普通的感冒不是由寒冷引起的，而是由病毒感染引起的。冷會(huì)讓很多人在室內(nèi)的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)，更容易傳播病菌。

【1】D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever.可知，如果感冒是寒冷引起的話，那么愛(ài)斯基摩人就會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)感冒，可是他們沒(méi)有，說(shuō)明感冒不是因?yàn)楹�冷。故選D。

【2】A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)證明是病毒而不是濕冷的空氣讓人感冒。故選A。

【3】A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.可知，人們在冷天更容易得感冒是因?yàn)榻?jīng)常一起待在室內(nèi)，病毒更容易感染，故選A。

【4】C 主旨大意題。閱讀全文可知，本文首先用大量事例從不同的側(cè)面分析感冒不是由寒冷引起的，最后提出冬天得感冒的可能原因。故選C。