Question

Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?

UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their co-operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”.

Nitrogen（氮）and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi（真菌）networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons（神經(jīng)元）in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.

Simard talks about “mother trees”, usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.

“We didn't take any notice of it.” Simard says sadly. “Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance.” If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.

1.What would be the best title for the passage?

A.Old Trees Communicate Like Humans

B.Young Trees Are In Need Of Protection

C.Trees Contribute To Our Society

D.Trees Are More Complex Than You Think

2.In Simard's opinion, trees _______.

A.compete for survival B.protect their own wealth

C.depend on each other D.provide support for dying trees

3.We can learn from the passage that .

A. “mother trees” are usually of no use to other trees.

B. Charles Darwin had the same thought as Simard.

C. if “mother trees” are cut down, the survival for the entire forest will be affected.

D. people know much about the complex “tree societies”.

4.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to .

A. how “tree societies” work

B. how trees grow old

C. how forestry industry develops

D. how young trees survive

 

Answer 1

1.D

2.C

3.C

4.A

【解析】

試題分析：像動物一樣，樹木也能互相交流，并且能夠把“財富”傳給后代，以保證它們的健康茁壯成長。樹木通過彼此相互依靠而生存下去。一棵樹在死前會把養(yǎng)分輸送給后代，當樹遭到砍伐時，其它樹也會受到影響。

1.trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation”和第二段“UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined.”可知，樹木也能夠相互交流并把財富傳給后代，樹木比我們想象的要更復雜，故選D。

2.trees survive through their co-operation and support”可知，樹木通過相互合作和支持而生存下來，故選C。

3.when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.”和第四段“When humans cut down “mother trees” ...we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.”可知，當一棵樹被砍倒后，會影響周圍所有的樹，當“母樹”被砍掉后，整個森林都可能會死掉，由此可見，母樹影響著整個森林，故選C。

4.When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed,”可知，人們并未注意到極其復雜的“樹木群落”的存在，更不可能了解這個群落的運轉(zhuǎn)機制，故選A。

考點：自然類短文閱讀