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科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解
Staying positive through the cold season could be your best defense against getting ill, new study findings suggest.
In an experiment that exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus, researchers found that people with a generally sunny character were less likely to fall ill. The findings, published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, build on evidence that a “positive emotional style” can help to protect us from suffering the common cold and other illnesses.
Researchers believe the reasons may be both objective — as in happiness improving immune function — and subjective — as in happy people being less troubled by a sore throat or runny nose. “People with a positive emotional style may have different immune responses to the virus,” explained lead study author Dr Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. “And when they do get a cold, they may interpret their illness as being less severe.”
Cohen and his colleagues had found in a previous study that happier people seemed less likely to catch a cold, but some questions remained as to whether the emotional style itself had the effect.
For the new study, the researchers had 193 healthy adults complete standard measures of personality characteristics, self-felt health and emotional style. Those who had a tendency to be happy, energetic and easy-going were judged as having a positive emotional style, while those who were often unhappy, tense and aggressive had a negative style.
The researchers gave them nasal (鼻腔的) drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus. Over the next six days, the volunteers reported on any aches, pains or sneezing they had, while the researchers collected objective data. Cohen and his colleagues found that based on objective measures of nasal troubles, happy people were less likely to develop a cold.
Which is the best title for the passage? ______
A. Stay Away from Being Negative
B. Positive or Negative?It’s Up to You.
C. Emotional Style and Flu.
D. Optimistic People Likely to Keep Diseases Away.
According to Dr Cohen’s research, the reason why some people are unlikely to catch a cold may be that ______.
A. their cheerful mood benefits the immune system
B. they have developed a certain way against flu virus
C. they are less likely to have a sore throat and runny nose
D. they have got a stronger self-confidence in their health
The research is done by ______.
A. getting volunteers in one emotional group and analyzing them
B. conducting a medical experiment on volunteers of different emotional styles
C. collecting and analyzing volunteers’ objective nasal production data
D. having volunteers answer questions on personality, health and emotions
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科目:高中英語 來源:2010年江蘇省江都中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語卷 題型:閱讀理解
Staying positive through the cold season could be your best defense against getting ill, new study findings suggest.
In an experiment that exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus, researchers found that people with a generally sunny character were less likely to fall ill. The findings, published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, build on evidence that a “positive emotional style” can help to protect us from suffering the common cold and other illnesses.
Researchers believe the reasons may be both objective — as in happiness improving immune function — and subjective — as in happy people being less troubled by a sore throat or runny nose. “People with a positive emotional style may have different immune responses to the virus,” explained lead study author Dr Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. “And when they do get a cold, they may interpret their illness as being less severe.”
Cohen and his colleagues had found in a previous study that happier people seemed less likely to catch a cold, but some questions remained as to whether the emotional style itself had the effect.
For the new study, the researchers had 193 healthy adults complete standard measures of personality characteristics, self-felt health and emotional style. Those who had a tendency to be happy, energetic and easy-going were judged as having a positive emotional style, while those who were often unhappy, tense and aggressive had a negative style.
The researchers gave them nasal (鼻腔的) drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus. Over the next six days, the volunteers reported on any aches, pains or sneezing they had, while the researchers collected objective data. Cohen and his colleagues found that based on objective measures of nasal troubles, happy people were less likely to develop a cold.
【小題1】Which is the best title for the passage? ______
A.Stay Away from Being Negative |
B.Positive or Negative?It’s Up to You. |
C.Emotional Style and Flu. |
D.Optimistic People Likely to Keep Diseases Away. |
A.their cheerful mood benefits the immune system |
B.they have developed a certain way against flu virus |
C.they are less likely to have a sore throat and runny nose |
D.they have got a stronger self-confidence in their health |
A.getting volunteers in one emotional group and analyzing them |
B.conducting a medical experiment on volunteers of different emotional styles |
C.collecting and analyzing volunteers’ objective nasal production data |
D.having volunteers answer questions on personality, health and emotions |
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科目:高中英語 來源:2015屆云南德宏州芒市高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解
Cancer researchers urged people on Wednesday to take more vitamin D to lower risk of cancer, saying studies showed a clear link. “Our suggestion is for people to increase their intake (吸入,攝入), through diet or a vitamin supplement,” Dr. Cedric Garland said in a telephone interview.
Garland's research team reviewed 63 studies, including several large long-term ones, on the relationship between vitamin D and certain types of cancer worldwide between 1966 and 2004. “There's nothing that has this ability to prevent cancer,” he said, urging governments and public health officials to do more to fortify (增強(qiáng)) foods with vitamin D. Garland is part of a University of California at San Diego Moores Cancer Center team that published its findings this week online in the American Journal of Public Health. Vitamin D is found in milk, as well as in some fortified orange juice, yogurt and cheeses, usually at around 100 international units(IU)a serving. “People might want to consider a vitamin supplement to raise their intake to 1000 IUs per day” Garland said, adding that it was well within the safety guidelines established by the National Academy of Sciences.
The authors said that taking more vitamin D could be especially important for people living in northern areas, which receive less vitamin D from sunshine.
“African Americans, who don't produce as much of the vitamin because of their skin colour, could also benefit significantly from a higher intake,” the authors said.
1.According to the passage, people are advised to take more Vitamin D, because__.
A.it is nutritious B.it can‘t harm people’s health
C.it can lower cancer risk D.it is not taken enough every day
2.Which of the following can not help people get more Vitamin D?
A.Have some sunshine B.Have more meat
C.Have more fortified cheese D.Have a vitamin supplement
3.Which of the following food can lower people‘s chance of getting cancer?
A.Milk B.Fortified orange juice C.Fortified yogurt D.All of the above
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科目:高中英語 來源:2012-2013學(xué)年遼寧省沈陽市高三高考領(lǐng)航考試(二)英語試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解
Every year in the first week of English class, some students inform me that writing is too hard. They never write, unless homework requires it. They find the writing process painful and difficult.
How awful it is to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it, especially with its rich vocabulary. Being able to speak but not write is like living in an enormous mansion and never leaving one small room. When I meet students who think they can’t write, I know, as a teacher my duty is to show them the rest of the rooms. My task is to build fluency and accuracy while providing the opportunity in any writing activity to enhance(增強(qiáng))the moral and emotional development of my students.
One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.
Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done just like exercise; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise, writing skills improve quickly with writing practice daily. I often see a rise in student confidence and performance after only a few weeks of journal writing.
Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole students. When my students practice journal writing, they are practicing for their future academic, political, and emotional lives. They build skills so that some say they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation(法規(guī)), or the perfect love letter. That they write in their journals every day puts them a step closer to fluency, eloquence(雄辯)and command of the language.
1.What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To encourage students to keep a journal every day.
B.To analyze students’ problems in learning languages.
C.To stress the importance of writing in language learning.
D.To introduce an effective way of improving students’ writing.
2.The underlined phrase “an enormous mansion” in Paragraph 2 refers to students’ .
A.writing opportunity B.large house
C.large vocabulary D.emotional life
3.In the author’s view, what can students benefit from the journal writing?
A.It is beneficial to students’ future career.
B.It can make students more emotional.
C.It is helpful to students’ homework.
D.It can enlarge students’ vocabulary.
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科目:高中英語 來源:2014屆浙江杭州西湖高級中學(xué)高二8月開學(xué)考試英語試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解
As if there weren’t enough of them in the world already, scientists have succeeded in cloning flies. The alike fruit flies are the first insects ever cloned, says the Canadian team that created them. The question everyone asks is why anyone would want to clone flies in the first place. She hopes that the insects , which are very easy to experiment with , will help to adjust the cloning process in other animals and even in humans, where the technique is being researched to aid production of therapeutic (治療的) stem cells.
In cloning, the DNA-containing nucleus of an adult cell is injected into an egg whose own nucleus(細(xì)胞核) has been removed. At the moment, the majority of cloned mice, sheep and other animals die before birth. It is thought this is because the adult DNA is not properly ‘reprogrammed’.
Using flies, researchers might discover genes that are important for this reprogramming, and that have matches in other animals. That is because it is relatively easy in flies to knock out the function of a single gene and then attempt cloning with these cells, which will test whether that gene is important. If such genes are confirmed, then in theory cloned mammalian embryos(晶胚) might be grown in selected solutions that change the activity of those genes to improve the technique’s success rate. Although some groups have attempted to clone insects before, Lloyd says this is the first time it has been successful. The team used a slight difference on the standard cloning process: they transferred nuclei taken from embryos rather than fully-grown adult cells. They sucked several nuclei (pl)out of developing fly embryos, and injected them into a fertilized(已受精的) fly egg. From over 800 early attempts, they cloned five adult insects, the group reports in the journal Genetics.
1.The best title of this passage probably is _______.
A.The importance of clone
B.First insects are cloned
C.The disagreement in clone
D.The advantages of clone
2.The scientists cloned flies because________.
A.there are fewer and fewer flies in the world
B.flies are easy to find and cheap to use
C.they can gain some experience before cloning other animals
D.it is safe to clone flies
3.The failure of most cloned animals is due to _______.
A.the difference of other animals’ genes
B.the improper technique of clone
C.the complex of other animals
D.the improper rearrange of the adult gene
4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.
A.the clone of insects before used grown-up cells
B.the clone of insects were never experimented before
C.this time scientists cloned flies successfully and easily
D.based on this success, other animals will be cloned in large quantities.
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