Question

8．The age one becomes a legal adult in the US is largely the age at which most children are considered adults in the world．A few countries set this age lower，but in most of the western world，one is considered an adult at 18For many parents the term legal adult does not mean their children possess certain adult characteristics．For example，being an adult implies being able to make mature decisions，participate in civic（公民的） matters，have self-control，and be responsible．Some 18-year-olds simply lack these characteristics and need further time to develop them．It concerns some parents that an 18-year-old can make life-altering decisions，like marrying early or joining the army，which may not have been made with significant forethought．
Even if a newly legal adult is still in high school，a parent is under no legal pressure，frequently，to continue to provide housing or care．Some exceptions to this rule have been proven，particularly in cases of divorce where a spouse （配偶） still claims child support，or help with payments for college．Some parents feel that continued financial support really proves the fact that the child is really not quite an adult yet，regardless of age．
【寫作內(nèi)容】
1．以約30個詞概括這段短文的內(nèi)容；
2．然后以約120個詞就"我的18歲生日"這個主題進(jìn)行表達(dá)，內(nèi)容包括：
（1）中西文化中父母對成人子女的態(tài)度和要求．
（2）18歲生日對你意味著什么？
（3）18歲以后你打算怎么做？
【寫作要求】
1．在作文中可以使用自己親身的經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2．作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱．
【評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】
概括準(zhǔn)確，語言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫．

Answer 1

分析 本文是讀寫任務(wù)型寫作，這類作文可按照三段式模板寫：第一段：概況所給短文要點(diǎn)．第二段：過渡詞引出主題句---闡述理由．第三段：個人觀點(diǎn)．特別要注意第一段的概括．用自己的語言概括，不能照搬照抄原文． 時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時．人稱用第一和第三人稱． 重要短語：as well as（和，又，也），mean doing（意味著），more than （超過），the transition from …to…（從…到…的轉(zhuǎn)變），have little sense of doing （沒有做某事的意識），look back on（回顧某事），upside down（顛倒的，倒置的），with the cart before the horse（本末倒置），be regarded as（被認(rèn)為），far from （遠(yuǎn)非，絕不是），care about（關(guān)心），celebrate sth（慶祝某事），spare no effort（不遺余力），be more independent and responsible（更獨(dú)立和有責(zé)任感）．
【高分句型一】
1．In western countries，①leaving home is a symbol of becoming an adult，②because it was the starting point ③signaling the transition from youth to adulthood．
①此處是由動名詞短語"leaving home"作主語，謂語動詞為"is"，表語為"a symbol of becoming an adult"．
②此處是由連詞"because"引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，主句為"leaving home is a symbol of becoming an adult"．
③此處是由現(xiàn)在分詞短語"signaling the transition…"作后置定語，修飾名詞"the starting point"．
【高分句型二】
2．As far as I am concerned，though my 18th birthday is still coming，few birthdays are as important as the big 18th．
此處是由連詞"though"引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，主語為"few birthdays are as important as the big 18th"．
【高分句型三】
3．①Not only will I invite the people I care about to celebrate it together with me，but I will write a letter to myself about ②what is going on in my life and③what I plan to do in the future．
①此處是由部分倒裝句型，結(jié)構(gòu)為"not only+一般疑問句形式，but also+句子"，即"not only"引導(dǎo)的句子需倒裝，而"but also"引導(dǎo)的句子不需倒裝．
②③此處是由連接代詞"what"引導(dǎo)兩個并列的賓語從句，作介詞"about"的賓語．
【高分句型四】
4．Little as I have known about what to do correctly，I will spare no effort to learn to be a grown-up．
此處是部分倒裝句型，結(jié)構(gòu)為"副詞+as+主語+謂語"，"as"意為"雖然，盡管"主句為"I will spare no effort to learn to be a grown-up"．

解答 My understanding about being 18
          In many countries as well as the US，being 18 years old means entering adulthood．Then one needs to independently think more than twice not only for themselves but also for the whole world around．（概括）
          In western countries，leaving home is a symbol of becoming an adult，because it was the starting point signaling the transition from youth to adulthood．【高分句型一】However，people in China have little sense of doing that．The young are still regarded or just consider themselves as kids far from being mature．（中西文化中父母對成人子女的態(tài)度和要求）
          As far as I am concerned，though my 18th birthday is still coming，few birthdays are as important as the big 18th．【高分句型二】Things to do on my 18th birthday should be different than years past．I want my 18th birthday to be special，something I can look back on when I'm older．Not only will I invite the people I care about to celebrate it together with me，but I will write a letter to myself about what is going on in my life and what I plan to do in the future．【高分句型三】For example，I will write down what I want for myself in 5，10 and 20 years and then seal the envelope and keep it in my purse until I turn 30．（18歲生日對自己意味著什么）
         Little as I have known about what to do correctly，I will spare no effort to learn to be a grown-up．【高分句型四】I will try my best to learn to be more independent and responsible as well as enjoying my precious life．（個人觀點(diǎn)---打算怎么做）

點(diǎn)評 讀寫任務(wù)型寫作是將閱讀與寫作有機(jī)結(jié)合，要求考生既能讀懂文章信息，又要依據(jù)要求規(guī)范連貫地表達(dá)內(nèi)容，其中準(zhǔn)確概括很有挑戰(zhàn)且十分重要，根據(jù)記敘文、議論文、說明文等不同文體作相應(yīng)概括，總的來說，遵循以下步驟：確定主題句；尋找關(guān)鍵詞；重構(gòu)主題句；重組支持句．寫作時注意準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用時態(tài)，上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯關(guān)系，盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞句式，同時也要注意使用高級詞匯和高級句型使文章顯得更有檔次，平時需注意積累短語和重要句型．