7.Matthew Henson-Arctic Explorer
In 1880,fourteen-year-old Matthew Henson loved to hear sailors tell tales of their exciting lives at sea.The travel,the adventure,the danger,and the steady pay were all attracting young Henson.One day,he found a job as a cabin boy on a beautiful ship called the Katie Hinds.For the next five years,Henson sailed around the world.With the help of the ship's captain and other members of the crew,Henson learned mathematics,navigation,history,geography,and many other subjects.By the time he left the Katie Hinds in 1885,Henson was well educated and had become an excellent seaman.
Unable to find work anywhere else,Henson took a job in a hat shop in Washington,D.C.One day in 1887,a man came in to buy a hat.The man,Robert Peary,asked the owner if he knew anyone with experience at sea.Peary would soon travel to South America for the U.S.government.He needed experienced men to accompany him.The shop owner knew about his young employee's skills and experience on ocean journeys,so he introduced Peary to Henson.
Using his map-reading and sailing skills,Henson proved himself to be a worthy and smart seaman.Peary soon made Henson his assistant,and they became close friends.One day Peary told Henson about his real dream:to be the first man to stand on"the top of the world"at the North Pole.He asked Henson to help him make his dream come true.Over the next five years,the two explorers made two trips together to the Arctic.However,they were not able to reach the pole either time.The cold,wind,and ice were worse than either of them had ever imagined.
In 1908,Peary and Henson were ready to make their final attempt at reaching the North Pole.Both men were over forty years old.The years of hardship in the arctic cold had made them suffer a lot.This would be their last chance.With four Inuit guides,they made a mad rush straight across the ice toward the pole.Peary's feet were injured and he had to be pulled on a dogsled.In April 1909,Henson's instruments showed they were standing at the North Pole.Together Henson and Peary planted the American flag in the snow.
In later years,Robert Peary and Henson were greatly honored for their achievements.Today,the two friends and fellow explorers lie in heroes'graves not far apart in the Arlington National Cemetery.
28.What happened to Henson according to Paragraph 1?A
A.He became a skilled seaman.
B.He became a highly educated captain.
C.He was employed in a restaurant.
D.He was interested in helping others.
29.What does Paragraph 2mainly tell us?A
A.How Matthew Henson met Robert Peary.
B.Why Matthew Henson went to the hat shop.
C.Why Matthew Henson stopped working on the Katie Hinds.
D.How Robert Peary knew that Matthew Henson had sea experience.
30.What could Henson and Peary best be compared to,on their trip to the North Pole?D
A.Hunters running after wolves.
B.Generals seeking power over another country.
C.Soldiers going to war to fight for their freedom.
D.Fighters performing a task in an unknown land.
31.How is the information presented in this passage mainly organized?C
A.By cause and effect.
B.By comparing and contrasting.
C.In the order that the events happened.
D.With main ideas and supporting examples.
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們講述了Matthew Henson如何在船上學(xué)習(xí)成為有經(jīng)歷的水手,與Robert Peary歷經(jīng)苦難,到達(dá)北極的經(jīng)歷.
解答 28.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第一段提到With the help of the ship's captain and other members of the crew.Henson learned mathematics,navigation,history,geography,and many other subjects.By the time he leftthe Katie Hinds in 1885,Henson was well educated and had become an excellent seaman在船長(zhǎng)和其它船員的幫助下,他學(xué)會(huì)數(shù)學(xué),航行,歷史,地理和許多其它的科目,在他離開的時(shí)候,成為優(yōu)秀的海員,可知他成了一名熟練的水手;故選A.
29.A.段落大意題.根據(jù)文章第二段可知他沒有找到工作,去一個(gè)帽子店工作,有一天,Robert Peary問老板是否知道有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的海上人員,能陪伴他,因此第二段主要講述了如何遇到Robert Peary,故選A.
30.D.推斷題判斷.根據(jù)第文章四段"In 1908,Peary and Henson were ready to make their final attempt at reaching the North Pole"提到他們準(zhǔn)備最后的努力到達(dá)北極,這些年來的辛苦讓他們?cè)馐芎芏鄵p失,在四個(gè)紐物人的幫助下,他們到達(dá)極地,1909年四月,兩個(gè)人成功的把美國(guó)國(guó)旗插在這個(gè)地方,因此兩人比較的是戰(zhàn)士在一個(gè)未知的土地上執(zhí)行一個(gè)任務(wù)的表現(xiàn);故選D.
31.C.主旨大意題.本文講述的是Matthew Henson如何在船上學(xué)習(xí)成為有經(jīng)歷的水手,與Robert Peary歷經(jīng)苦難,到達(dá)北極的經(jīng)歷,本文是按照時(shí)間的順序來講述的,故選C.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.