完型填空（共20小題；每小題1。5分，滿分30分）
Every human being,  36 what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is  37 dispose of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the  38 problem — how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which utilizes  39 body heat, but the heat given off by such objects  40 light bulbs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well  41 no conventional fuel is needed  42 the campus’ six buildings comfortable.
Some parts of most modern buildings — theatres and offices  43 classrooms — are more than amply heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned  44 in winter. The technique of  45 heat and redistributing it is  46 “heat recover”. A few modern buildings recover  47 , but the university’s system is the first to recover heat  48 some buildings and re-use it in  49 . Along the way, Pitt has learned a great deal about some of its heat producers. The  50 a student studies, the more heat his body  51 . Male students emit more heat than 52 students, and the larger a student, the more heat he  53 . It is tempting to  54 that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a  55 , over-weight male genius.
小題1:
A．thoughB．no matterC．howeverD．in spite of
小題2:
A．how toB．howC．whatD．what to
小題3:
A．similarB．wrongC．opposingD．opposit
小題4:
A．bothB．not onlyC．a(chǎn)s well asD．neither
小題5:
A．for exampleB．likeC．ofD．a(chǎn)s
小題6:
A．whichB．thenC．thatD．therefore
小題7:
A．makeB．to be madeC．to makeD．making
小題8:
A．includingB．a(chǎn)s well asC．withD．a(chǎn)s well
小題9:
A．evenB．soC．everD．much
小題10:
A．savingB．being savedC．disposingD．being disposed
小題11:
A．talkedB．thoughtC．suggestedD．called
小題12:
A．lossB．coldC．temperatureD．heat
小題13:
A．toB．fromC．withD．for
小題14:
A．the otherB．otherC．othersD．the others
小題15:
A．hardB．hardestC．harderD．more hard
小題16:
A．takes inB．gives offC．gives inD．takes out
小題17:
A．otherB．femaleC．girlD．boy
小題18:
A．producesB．manufacturesC．designsD．a(chǎn)ssembles
小題19:
A．startB．concludeC．endD．begin
小題20:A. easy-going   . fun-making  C.hard-working  D. good-for-nothing

小題1:B
小題1:A
小題1:D
小題1:B
小題1:D
小題1:C
小題1:C
小題1:B
小題1:A
小題1:A
小題1:D
小題1:D
小題1:B
小題1:C
小題1:C
小題1:B
小題1:B
小題1:A
小題1:B
小題1:C

小題1:B。no matter what無(wú)論什么。任何人，無(wú)論他在做什么，身體都會(huì)散發(fā)出熱量。
小題1:A。問(wèn)題是，如何（how to）釋放這些熱量。
小題1:D。但是匹茲堡大學(xué)約翰斯頓校區(qū)的老師卻在思考相反的（opposit）問(wèn)題—如何收集身體熱量。
小題1:B。not only不僅。他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了一套系統(tǒng)，不但收集體內(nèi)的熱，還收集其他一些物品。
小題1:D。像（as）是燈泡和冰箱散發(fā)的熱量。
小題1:C。這套系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的非常成功，校區(qū)內(nèi)的六座樓只靠收集起的熱能就能很好地運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)工作。
小題1:C。解析見(jiàn)上題。
小題1:B。as well as以及�，F(xiàn)代化的大樓，無(wú)論是劇院、辦公樓還是教室是用人體和燈光的熱來(lái)供熱的。
小題1:A。有時(shí)候甚至（even）在冬天的空調(diào)也是由它們來(lái)供熱。
小題1:A。這種收集（saving）熱能并將它們重新分配的技術(shù)叫做“熱能回收再利用”。
小題1:D。called被稱之為。解析見(jiàn)上題。
小題1:D。一些現(xiàn)代化的大樓回收熱能（heat），但是約翰斯頓校區(qū)的系統(tǒng)是第一次實(shí)現(xiàn)在一個(gè)樓中回收熱能在把這些熱能供應(yīng)給其他樓宇。
小題1:B。解析見(jiàn)上題。
小題1:C。others其他的。解析見(jiàn)前一題。
小題1:C。一個(gè)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)越努力（harder），他散發(fā)的熱能就越多。
小題1:B。gives off散發(fā)。解析見(jiàn)上題。
小題1:B。男學(xué)生散發(fā)的熱量多于女（female）學(xué)生。
小題1:A。身體體積越大，產(chǎn)生（produce）的熱量就越多。
小題1:B。conclude結(jié)論。這樣說(shuō)來(lái)，我們可以認(rèn)為約翰斯頓校區(qū)生產(chǎn)最多體熱的是那些身體強(qiáng)壯甚至超重、學(xué)習(xí)刻苦的男性天才。
小題1:C。hard-working勤奮的，解析見(jiàn)上題。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Hello, you guys! Do you want to make e-pals via the Internet and have fun? Here’s some advice for you to follow. First take a look at www. Spoton. Community. Click on international pen-pal sites to find some of our favorite international e-pal and pen-pal web sites. Don’t forget: some e-pal services cost money and some are safer than others. Remember to read a web site safety warning before you join!
KidFu （www. Kidfu. com）says it is the safest place online for kids to chat, play games and make friends. Get your parents to help you register and then you can write things about yourself or read what other kids have written. There’re also chat monitors that make sure that the online chat rooms are safe and friendly. KidFu costs money, but the first month is free.
If you join e-PALS （www. Epals. com), you can choose a pen-pal from over 65,000 kids from 191 countries. You can also find information about how teachers can get pen-pals for their pupils. Or if you want to start sending e-mails right now, go to Europe Pages（www. europa-page. com）. Lots of young people have written their names, interests, home countries and their e-mail addresses. Just click on a name and start writing!
Well, however, there are tips that you should keep in mind: never be absorbed in the line for too long, so stay there not more than 2 hours once. Never go out with your pals without your parents’ permissions. Let your parents know about what you are doing. Then, have fun!
小題1:If you want to choose a safer web site, you'd better click on           .
A． www. europa-page. ComB．www. Spoton. de
C．www. e-pals. com D．www. Kidfu. com
小題2:A teacher can visit            to help his/her pupils to get pen-pals.
A．KidFuB．Europe PagesC．e-PALSD．spoton. community
小題3:The advantage of Europe Pages is that           .
A．you can start sending your e-mails immediately
B．you can choose more pen-pals from many countries
C．it is free and you can find names of different countries
D．it is the safest one among all the web sites
小題4:A chat monitor mentioned in Paragraph 2 is probably           .
A．a(chǎn) person in the web site to give safe online advice
B．a(chǎn) police officer to keep order in the chat rooms
C．a(chǎn)n engineer in charge of controlling the chat
D．a(chǎn) software to keep online chatting clean and safe

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

IELTS: international English language testing system
Introduction: The IELTS is jointly managed by the University of Cambridge Local Examination Syndicate (劍橋大學(xué)考試委員會(huì)), the British Council (英國(guó)文化委員會(huì)) and IDP Education Australia (澳洲教育國(guó)際開(kāi)發(fā)署)
Why more and more people are taking the IELTS test?
The IELTS test is widely recognized by the colleges, universities and other academic institutions of Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United Kingdom. More and more universities and colleges in the US are also accepting an IELTS result as a language requirement for application to degree courses.
IELTS is accepted by many important organizations, such as the New Zealand Immigration Bureau, the Australian Immigration and Cultural Department, the Canadian Immigration Bureau, the Australian Medical Council and the British Medical Association (總會(huì)).
Choice of two test types
There are two test models: Academic and General Training. The candidate must select the one suitable to his/here purpose for taking the test.
Academic: for candidates who want to apply for undergraduate or postgraduate courses.
General Training: for candidates who take IELTS for immigration purpose, training programmes, or work experience.
If you have any questions about which type to take, consult the Examinations Services staff at the British Council offices.
Content
The test is composed of four papers: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking. The first three papers must be taken at one sitting on one day, and the speaking paper may be taken up to two days later. Usually in China, the Listening paper is taken on a Saturday morning, followed by the Reading paper, and then Writing paper. The Speaking test is usually taken on the Saturday afternoon or on the following Saturday. Candidates must complete all four papers in order to obtain an overall score.
小題1:How many organizations is IELTS managed by?
A．6.B．5.C．4.D．3.
小題2:Why are more and more people taking the IELTS test?
A．It is widely accepted by many countries.
B．It is widely recognized by many colleges, institutions and many important organizations.
C．It’s proof for people’s ability.
D．It’s interesting and acceptable.
小題3:What kind of candidates should choose Academic test?
A．Candidates who want for immigration.
B．Candidates who want for training.
C．Candidates who want for work experience.
D．Candidates who want for undergraduate or postgraduate courses.
小題4:In China, what’s the test order?
A．Reading, writing, speaking, listening.
B．Reading, speaking, listening, writing.
C．Listening, reading, writing, speaking.
D．Speaking, reading, listening ,writing

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Ideas about polite behavior are different from one culture to another. Some societies, such as America and Australia, for example, are mobile and very open. People here change jobs and move houses quite often. As a result, they have a lot of relationships that often last only a short time, and they need to get to know people quickly. So it’s normal to have friendly conversations with people that they have just met, and you can talk about things that other cultures would regard as personal.
On the other hand, there are more crowded and less mobile societies where long–term relationships are more important. A Malaysian or Mexican business person, for example, will want to get to know you very well before he or she feels happy to start business. But when you do get to know each other, the relationship becomes much deeper than it would in a mobile society.
To Americans, both Europeans and Asians seem cool and formal at first. On the other hand, as a passenger from a less mobile society puts it, it’s no fun spending several hours next to a stranger who wants to tell you all about his or her life and asks you all sorts of questions that you don’t want to answer.
Cross-cultural differences aren’t just a problem for travelers, but also for the flights that carry them. All flights want to provide the best service, but ideas about good service are different from place to place. This can be seen most clearly in the way that problems are dealt with.
Some societies have “universalist” cultures. These societies strongly respect rules, and they treat every person and situation in basically the same way. “Particularist” societies, on the other hand, also have rules, but they are less important than the society’s unwritten ideas about what is right or wrong for a particular situation or a particular person. So the normal rules are changed to fit the needs of the situation or the importance of the person.
This difference can cause problems. A traveler from a particularist society, India, is checking in for a flight in Germany, a country which has a universalist culture. The Indian traveler has too much luggage, but he explains that he has been away from home for a long time and the suitcases are full of presents for his family. He expects that the check–in official will understand his problem and will change the rules for him. The check–in official explains that if he was allowed to have too much luggage, it wouldn’t be fair to the other passengers. But the traveler thinks this is unfair, because the other passengers don’t have his problem.
小題1:Often moving from one place to another makes people like Americans and Australians ______.
A．like traveling better　
B．easy to communicate with　
C．difficult to make real friends
D．have a long–term relationship with their neighbors
小題2: People like Malaysians prefer to associate with those ______.
A．who will tell them everything of their own
B．who want to do business with them
C．they know quite well
D．who are good at talking
小題3:Which of the following is true about “particularist societies”?
A．There is no rule for people to obey.
B．People obey the society’s rules completely.
C．No one obeys the society’s rules though they have.
D．The society’s rules can be changed with different persons or situations.
小題4: The writer of the passage thinks that the Indian and the German have different ideas about rules because of different ______.
A．interestsB．habits and customsC．culturesD．ways of life

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

If you are planning to study in the United States, you need to consider several factors. Everyone has different opinions about where is the best place to live in. Also, the best places to live are not always home to the best schools. Finally, many schools specialize in different areas of study. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, for example, is a great school for computer science and technology-related fields of study. However, if you want to study oceanography（海洋學(xué)）, your interests may be better served by attending school in a place that is on a coastline or near the ocean.
Now I am sure that you know which schools are considered the best in the country. So I will tell you about which states I believe are the best to live in.
California is a nice state. Northern California specifically has very good weather. Los Angeles in Southern California is another story though. Life in Los Angeles is full of excitement and fast, and sometimes dangerous. As for me, I enjoy the time I spent in Massachusetts, Virginia and Maryland and these states have a lot of history and culture. The weather is not as perfect as California, but it is still quite nice. My favorite area of America is the Mid-west. Middle America, I think, is home to the true American sense of values. In addition, there are many good universities there.
Also, you need to think about your likes and dislikes and then research the various states. You like sunshine and hate snow? Then you probably won’t like the Midwest or even the Northeast. Open space, nature and peace and quiet? Then you probably should stay away from America’s large cities. Are you interested in government? Then Washington D.C. is the only place for you. Whatever you decide, put some thought into it. The place you live could be the difference between a great study-abroad experience and a state of great suffering on earth.
小題1:From the first paragraph we can conclude （得出結(jié)論）that in the USA _______.
A．a(chǎn)ll colleges and universities lie in big cities
B．a(chǎn)ll colleges and universities lie in beautiful places
C．famous colleges and universities lie in nice places
D．famous colleges and universities may not lie in nice places
小題2:What should be considered first if you want to study in the USA?
A．The climate.B．The scenery.C．The study condition.D．The living condition.
小題3:From the third paragraph we can find that _______.
A．California is the best place to live in
B．California is the worst place to live in
C．California is a state with different climates
D．California is a small state in the USA
小題4:If you study in Middle America, you can probably _______.
A．find the best universitiesB．feel the real character of the nation
C．meet the most famous professors thereD．face more difficulties
小題5: From the last paragraph of this passage we can get to know that _______.
A．Washington is the largest city in the USA
B．Washington is the political centre of the USA
C．you can’t find sunshine in the Midwest
D．you can’t find any universities out of big cities in the USA

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

After years of hearing drivers complain about scratches (劃痕) on their cars, Japan’s Nissan Motor Company has officially announced the next big thing--a paint that not only resists scratches and scrapes, but actually repairs itself within a few days.
The new material, developed by Nippon Paint Company, contains an elastic rubbery-like resin (彈性樹(shù)脂) that is able to heal minor (較小的) marks caused by car wash equipment, parking lot encounters, road debris (石頭碎片) or even on-purpose destruction.
The automaker admits its results vary depending on the temperature and the depth of the damage, but adds “this is the only paint like it in the world, and tests prove it works.”
Minor scratches, the most common type, are said to slowly fade over about a week. And once they’re gone, there is no trace (痕跡) that they were ever there.
The special paint is said to last for at least three years after it is first applied, but there is no word yet on whether more can be added after that period.
Nissan claims car washes are the worst offenders for this type of damage, accounting for at least 80 percent of all incidents.
But the complete auto-healing won’t come without scratching your wallet. The vehicle maker notes the special paint adds about $ 100 US to the price of a car.
It plans to use its new chemical mixture only on its X-Trail SUVs in Japan for now, as it looks for a more widespread presentation. And while plans to offer the feature overseas haven’t been made yet, if it’s a hit there, you can be almost sure market forces will drive it to these shores as well.
小題1: From the article, we can find that_______.
A．the paint has already been used on cars by now
B．the paint beats other products of its kind in its lengthy effect
C．car damage is mainly caused by scratches and scrapes
D．marketing this paint in Europe is not under way
小題2:The paint used on cars can_________.
A．last 3 years before it is re-applied again
B．fade only in a few days
C．help cars recover from minor paint damage
D．reduce car scrape incidents to 20 percent
小題3:What does the underlined part refer to?
A．Certain models of Nissan.B．Name for one kind of paint.
C．Somewhere in Japan.D．A word standing for a car-dealer store.
小題4: What can be inferred from the article?
A．The paint was developed by Nissan Motor Company.
B．The paint might work better in summer than in winter.
C．The mark on the car could disappear as soon as the paint is applied.
D．The paint is very popular in Japan.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

NASA’s twin Mars rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, have been exploring the Red Planet since 2004. But a little more than a year ago, NASA lost contact with Spirit. The space agency has tried several ways to make contact with the rover, but Spirit has not sent back any signals.
Spirit landed on Mars on January 4, 2004. Three weeks later, Opportunity arrived. Soon after, the rovers went to the opposite side of Mars. Spirit’s original mission was only designed to last for three months, but Spirit has worked for more than five years doing additional missions. Both rovers have made important discoveries about ancient Mars. They have taken thousands of images and found evidence in the rocks of a water, warmer past in Mars’ history.
Spirit is solar-powered. It got stuck in a sand trap in April 2009, trapped deep into the soil and with its wheels turning around and around but not able to move forwards or backwards. Spirit had to agree that there is nothing that can be done to change the situation—it’s never going to move again. However, even if it is a not moving station, it can still study the planet’s atmosphere and deep interior.
NASA has been concentrating on trying to position its solar panels to get as much energy from the sun as possible, or to get the rover leaning in a manner that will allow the most amount of sunlight falling on its solar panels, in order to keep it alive during the coming winter months. Engineers have planned to rock the vehicle back and forth to acquire a more favorable position. However, no matter how many efforts have been made, Spirit still could not get out of the soft soil and could not lean itself toward the sun as the Martian winter approached. Without enough energy reaching its solar panels and with so little energy in its batteries, it went into hibernation, just like a polar bear, and has not communicated with Earth since March 22, 2010.
Whatever the future holds for Spirit, its mission has been an outstanding success. When it landed on the Red Planet in January 2004, no one was really sure how long it would continue working in the cold and dusty environment. As a matter of fact, three months was its original goal.
After so many fruitless efforts, NASA scientists are losing hope of ever reconnecting with Spirit, but they will give it one more try. Ground controllers are contacting Spirit over a range of frequencies and at different times during the day in case its internal clock stopped working and it lost track of time. They also are commanding the rover to turn on its backup radio transmitter in case the main one is dead.
If this final effort to connect isn’t successful, NASA will shift the focus to its twin robot, Opportunity, which is in a different part of Mars. Opportunity is still on the move and continues to travel freely to this day. It has traveled 16.6 miles so far, and is currently rolling towards another crater it has yet to explore.
NASA has spent more than $900 million on the project but shows no sign of giving up on these determined and hard-working robots. The rovers are, though, experiencing gradual wear and tear, the expected damage to something caused by using it repeatedly over a period of time. Even before Spirit got trapped, one of its wheels had failed. And NASA says it’s just a matter of time before both robots break down completely.
小題1:According to the passage, what can we know about Spirit?
A．It had explored Mars several times.
B．Its original mission was to work for five years.
C．It landed on Mars three weeks later than Opportunity.
D． It discovered that Mars was once a warm and wetter place.
小題2:According to the passage, which of the following is NOT what NASA did?
A．Try to lean Spirit to make it get as much sunlight as possible.
B．Rock Spirit back and forth to make it acquire a more favorable position.
C．Make efforts to help Spirit get out of the soft soil where it is stuck.
D．Contact and order Spirit to turn on its backup radio transmitter.
小題3:The reason why Spirit failed to communicate with the Earth is that ________.
A．it didn’t have enough energyB．it had finished its task
C．something was wrong with its wheelsD．it met an unidentified creature
小題4:By saying “NASA will shift the focus” in Paragraph 7, the author means that ______.
A．NASA will move the center of Spirit out of the sand
B．NASA will depend on Opportunity to do the exploration
C．NASA will do nothing but wait for some opportunity
D．NASA will make opportunity help Spirit
小題5:The last paragraph mainly informs us that _______.
A．NASA has planned to spend more money on Spirit
B．Spirit will be brought back to Earth
C．Spirit will stop operating totally in the future
D．Spirit will cause damage to Mars
小題6: What’s the text mainly about?
A．NASA makes the last effort to contact Spirit.
B．Spirit has made many important discoveries on Mars.
C．How Spirit got stuck and couldn’t move on Mars.
D．Why NASA tried many ways to contact Spirit.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Too many people want others to be friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last long. To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friend starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do not tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends always count on one another to speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You do not have to give your lunch money or your clothes of course. Instead you have to learn how to share things you enjoy, like your hobbies and your interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friend know better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be the first step in solving the problem. So a friend must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friends, you must practice honesty, generosity, and understanding.
小題1:What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Three Important Points in Life
B．How to Be a Good Friend
C．Honesty Is the Most Important Quality
D．A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed
小題2:Some friendships don’t last long because________.
A．some people don’t treat friendship seriously
B．there are too many people who want to make friends
C．they don’t share their lunch money
D．some people only receive friendship but don’t give friendship back
小題3:In the 2nd paragraph the underlined phrase “count on” probably means _______.
A．calculateB．trustC．matterD．include

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer(征服) himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful, says Plato. Self-control is at the root of all the advantages. Let a man give in to his impulses (沖動(dòng)) and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral freedom.
A single angry word has lost many a friend. When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. If you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease. Whom the gods would destroy they first make mad. Keep cool, says George Herbert, for fierceness (狂怒) makes error a fault.
To be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. Anger, says Pythagoras, brings with folly(愚蠢)and ends with regret. You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him.
Self-control is man’s last greatest victory.
If a man lacks self-control he seems to lack everything. Without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. If he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also.
小題1:What does the reader learn from the first paragraph?
A．The greatest victory for a man is to conquer everything except himself.
B．One’s moral freedom is based on the control of himself.
C．To control oneself is the most difficult in one’s life.
D．If a person is too stubborn, he will feel most shameful.
小題2:If a man lacks self-control, he lacks all of the following EXCEPT _______.
A．the very backbone and nerve of character
B．the patience and power to control himself
C．strong feelings
D．self-confidence
小題3:The author’s main purpose in writing this article is to _______.
A．explain that self-control is the key to success
B．teach people how to control everything in order to make a great success
C．distinguish all kinds of self-control and suggest ways for keeping it
D．a(chǎn)dvise people not to lose temper so as to make and keep more friends
小題4:The passage is mainly developed by _____.
A．a(chǎn)nalyzing(分析)causesB．making comparisons(比較)
C．examining differencesD．listing quotations(引證)

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