12.Some of us were born clever and some stupid.Intelligence is developed by our environment and our experience.Why?To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth,and no amount of education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence.On the other hand,a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings.Thus the limits of person's intelligence are fixed at birth,whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.This view,now held by most experts,can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with.The closer the blood relationship between two people,the closer they are likely to be in intelligence.Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from population,it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different.If,on the other hand,we take two identical twins,it will be very likely that they are as intelligent as each other.Relations like brothers and sisters,parents and children,usually have similar intelligence,and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments.We might send one,for example,to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring.We would soon find differences in intelligence developing,and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part.This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other,but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.
29.Which of these sentences best describes the writer's point in Paragraph 1?C
A.To some extent,intelligence is given at birth.
B.Intelligence is developed by the environment.
C.Intelligence is influenced both by birth and the environment.
D.Some people are born clever and others born stupid.
30.The underlined phrase"at random"meansA.
A.a(chǎn)imlessly
B.frequently
C.purposely
D.independently
31.The best title for this article would beB.
A.What Does Intelligence Mean?
B.On Intelligence
C.We Are Born with Intelligence
D.Environment Plays a Part in Developing Intelligence.
分析 文章以智商為中心,主要介紹了影響智商的兩個因素:先天和環(huán)境
解答 29:C 段落大意題.由第一段中的Thus the limits of person's intelligence are fixed at birth,but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment可知,該段中心意思是人的智商在出生時就確定了.但是,環(huán)境決定了我們的智商是否可以發(fā)展到極限,故C選項(xiàng)正確
30:A 詞義猜測題.purposely 故意地,有意地;rationally 合理地,理性地;aimlessly 無目的地;independently 獨(dú)立地.由語境可知,當(dāng)我們隨意從人群中選出兩個人來時,他們的智商水平有可能完全不同,故A選項(xiàng)正確.
31:B 主旨大意題.文章以智商為中心,主要介紹了影響智商的兩個因素:先天和環(huán)境,故B選項(xiàng)正確.
點(diǎn)評 本文是一個科教類閱讀理解,題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測,一定要做到有理有據(jù).