Question

4．文中共有10處語言錯誤，要求你在錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞．增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫上該加的詞．刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（﹨）劃掉．修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞．注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分．
Several days before July 28，1976，many strangely things happened in Tangshan．They were signs for a earthquake．But people who were lived there didn't think much of that．In 3：42 am that day，the earth began to shake，that destroyed almost all the city in a few seconds．Many people，including workers and doctors，came to rescue those who trapped under the ruins．Later that afternoon，other big earthquake struck the city．More people were killed or injured and more buildings fall down．Very soon the army sent a lot of soldier to help，but teams were organized to dig out the trapped and buried the dead．By and by things improved and the city began to breathe again．

Answer 1

分析 本文主要介紹了發(fā)生于1976年7月28日的唐山大地震；其中包括地震之前的征兆以及地震后的救援情況．

解答 Several days before July 28，1976，manystrangelythings
happened in Tangshan．They were signs for a earthquake．
But people who were lived there didn't think much of that．
In 3：42 am that day，the earth began to shake，that destroyed
almost all the city in a few seconds．Many people，including
workers and doctors，came to rescue those who∧trapped under
the ruins．Later that afternoon，other big earthquake struck the city．
More people were killed or injured and more buildings fall down．
Very soon the army sent a lot of soldier to help，but teams were
organized to dig out the trapped andburiedthe dead．By and by things
improved and the city began to breathe again．

詳解：
1．strangely改為strange  考查形容詞   此處用來修飾名詞things，在句中作的是定語，故用形容詞strange．
2．a(chǎn)改為an   考查不定冠詞    此處用來在單數(shù)名詞earthquake之前，表示泛指"一次地震"；由于earthquake首字母的發(fā)音為元音/?：/，故用an．
3．去掉lived之前的were   考查語態(tài)    本句為定語從句，關系代詞who在從句中作主語與動詞lived構成的是主動關系，應使用主動語態(tài)；故去掉lived之前的were  
4．In改為At   考查介詞   此處用在具體時刻的前面，故用介詞At．
5．that改為which   考查關系代詞   本句為非限定性的定語從句，關系代詞指代前面的句子，在從句中作主語；故用which．
6．在trapped前加were   考查時態(tài)及語態(tài)    本句為定語從句，關系代詞who指代前面的代詞those在從句作主語，與動詞trap構成被動關系；由于本文描述的是1976年唐山大地震時的情況，故此處應使用一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)；故在trapped前加were．
7．other改為another   考查不定代詞   根據(jù)上文可知，此處指的是：當天下午晚些時候，在唐山又發(fā)生了一次大地震；other的后面通常跟名詞的復數(shù)形式，意為：其他的，別的；這里指的是：再一次，又一次；故用another．
8．fall改為fell   考查時態(tài)  由于本句是由and連接在一起的并列句，故and前后兩個句子的謂語部分在形式上應保持一致；由于上文描述的是1976年唐山大地震時的情況，故此處應使用一般過去時態(tài)；故用fell．
9．soldier改為soldiers   考查名詞的單復數(shù)   由于此處的修飾詞為a lot of，指的是許多的士兵；這里應使用名詞的復數(shù)形式，故用soldiers．
10．buried改為bury   考查動詞   此處用在連詞and之后，與動詞不定式to dig out the trapped一起在句中作并列賓語，因此此處需要省略掉動詞不定式符號to，故用bury．

點評 短文改錯是集語法知識與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題，主要考查學生對詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力．錯誤類型一般有：缺詞、多詞和錯詞．常見的錯誤有：1 詞法錯誤，主要包括動詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面．解答此類試題時，需要正確分析句子成分，熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等．2 常見句法錯誤．通常表現(xiàn)為簡單句、復合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強調(diào)句等錯誤．解答此類試題時，需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構及意義用法．3 應在理解文章大意的前提下，進行作答．