Did you know that about 300 words in the English language derive from the names of people?

A great many of these words are technical words since a new invention or discovery is often named after the scientist who made the discovery. In this way we have such words as watt, ohm, diesel, dahlia, macadam, ampere, mores.

A good many everyday words, however, have also found their way into the language from the names of people. The very popular word sandwich, for example, comes from the name of Lord Sandwich (1718 – 1792). While he sat at the gambling table, he used to eat slices of meat placed between two slices of bread. His friends began to call this sort of food a sandwich because only Lord Sandwich ate it. But later on it became popular and had to have a real name. So what began as a nickname gradually became part of the common language.

Another commonly used word is to boycott, meaning to refuse to have any connection or business with. This comes from Captain Boycott, who was the agent of an English land owner in Ireland in 1880. He treated his tenants so badly that they all refused to speak to hi,. By this policy they eventually obtained his removal. Such treatment was referred to as a boycott. Soon afterwards this verb to boycott was coined. Both the noun and the verb are still widely used.

1．What’s the passage chiefly concerned with?

       A．English words and names of scientists.

       B．English words and names of people.

       C．English words and discovery.

       D．Words and famous people.

2．A sandwich was named after Lord Sandwich because         .

       A．he was fond of it

       B．he was the only person that ate it

       C．he was the manufacturer of the food

       D．it became popular

3．It is suggested that Lord Sandwich         .

       A．was mad about gambling

       B．had to eat a sandwich because he was in debt

       C．invented gambling

       D．coined the word of sandwich

4．The word tenant (Paragraph 4, Line 4) probably refers to a          .

       A．customer                                            B．doctor

       C．patient                                                D．Person who rents a house

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：

— Did you know any Chinese, Joyce, before you arrived in Beijing?

    — In fact, never _______ it.

A. have I learned          B. I have learned  C. had I learned      D. I had learned

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科目：高中英語 來源：2015屆江蘇漣水中學(xué)高一第三次模塊檢測(cè)英語卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Tomorrow was his girlfriend’s birthday and the young man was having a difficult time deciding on a present for her. She already had more clothes than she knew what to do with them, so he couldn’t get any kind of apparel. She never ate sweets, so candy was out of the question. What then? He had a very special reason for wanting to impress her with just the right gift,for tomorrow he was going to make an offer of marriage to her. He finally decided on perfume(香水). All girls liked perfume. That raised another problem, however. What kind did she prefer? He couldn’t ask her because that would ruin the surprise.

At last the young man hit upon a brilliant idea. That afternoon, pretending to take his girlfriend’s fox terrier(小獵狗),Fritz, for a walk, the young man and the dog went directly to the perfume counter of the town’s biggest department store. Good! There was a large array(長(zhǎng)列)of perfume. He beckoned(招呼)a clerk, asking her to open a large number of bottles and wave the stoppers （塞子）under the dog’s nose. Nestled(依偎于) in the young man’s arms, the terrier began to be restless and bored as this seemingly meaningless game went on. Then Fritz suddenly became frisky, wiggling in the young man’s arms and barking excitedly, as the clerk waved one stopper under its nose.

“I’ll take that one,” said the young man to the clerk. The price was high, but it was worth it, he thought.

“ My favorite perfume!” said the delighted girl the next evening as she unwrapped the package. “ How did you know?” she asked, dabbing（輕擦）some perfume behind each ear.

“ Intuition(直覺), I guess.”said the young man, deciding that it wasn’t exactly wrong to tell a lie at that time. One day, after they were married, he would admit that his intuition had really been the little dog named Fritz.

1.Which of the following words best describes the young man in the story?

A．Kind-hearted       B．Curious           C．Creative           D．Mean

2.The underlined word “ frisky” (in Paragraph 4) means “_______”

A．lively             B．a(chǎn)ngry             C．uneasy            D．puzzled

3.According to the story, the birthday present for the girl was actually decided on by_______.

A．the young man     B．the store clerk      C．the man’s intuition D．the dog Fritz

4.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the story?

A．The young man wanted to give his girlfriend a pleasant surprise.

B．The pet dog Fritz knew what the young man wanted very well.

C．The kind of perfume the young man chose was expensive.

D．The young man told a white lie about his final choice of the perfume.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年遼寧省丹東市高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：完型填空

One fine afternoon I was walking along the Fifth Avenue, when I remembered that it was necessary to buy a pair of socks．I   36  the first sock shop that caught my eye, and   37 , not more than 17, came forward. "What can I do for you, sir?" "I wish to   38  a pair of socks."   39  glowed. "Did you know that you had come into   40  in the world to buy socks?" I had not been   41  that, as my entrance had been accidental．"Come with me,”"said the boy happily．He began to   42  down from the shelves box after box．

"  43 , boy, I'm going to buy only one pair!" "I know that, but I want you to see how beautiful these are．Aren't they wonderful?" There was   44  an expression of joy,   45  he were revealing(透露） to me the   46  of his religion．I became far more interested in him than in the socks．"My friend,"said I, "if this is   47  the enthusiasm from freshness, and you can keep it up   48 , in ten years you’ll own every sock in the United States．"

My amazement at his pride in   49  will be understood by all who read this article．In many shops the customer has to wait for someone to   50  him．When   51  some clerk does notice you, you are made to feel as if you were interrupting him．  52  possibly that very clerk who is now so   53  began his career with enthusiasm．The freshness   54 ; He became a mechanical salesman．

I’ve observed such change in the lives of so many men in so many occupations that I've come to the   55  that the fastest road to failure is to do things mechanically．

1.                A．turned into      B．broke into       C．came across   D．met with

 

2.                A．a(chǎn) female clerk    B．a(chǎn) boy clerk      C．a(chǎn) girl clerk D．a(chǎn)n old man

 

3.                A．buy            B．find            C．see  D．have

 

4.                A．His face        B．The room       C．His eyes D．The fire

 

5.                A．the worst       B．the right place    C．the wrong D．the best place

 

6.                A．curious about    B．a(chǎn)ware of        C．sensitive to    D．a(chǎn)ttached to

 

7.                A．push           B．force           C．look D．drag

 

8.                A．Hold up         B．Just you wait     C．Hold on   D．Hang up

 

9.                A．on his face      B．to my surprise    C．for some reason    D．to some degree

 

10.               A．when          B．a(chǎn)s if           C．even if    D．while

 

11.               A．beliefs         B．stories         C．values D．mysteries

 

12.               A．hardly          B．only           C．no more than   D．not merely

 

13.               A．day after day    B．day by day      C．the other day   D．to this day

 

14.               A．passion         B．salesmanship    C．enthusiasm D．job

 

15.               A．serve on        B．care for        C．wait upon  D．deal with

 

16.               A．a(chǎn)ccidentally     B．occasionally     C．finally D．disrespectfully

 

17.               A．Yet            B．So             C．Then D．For

 

18.               A．enthusiastic     B．unconcerned    C．different  D．responsible

 

19.               A．wore of        B．wore on        C．wore over D．wore off

 

20.               A．response       B．realization      C．conclusion D．circumstance

 

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年陜西省西安市高三第一次月考英語卷卷（解析版） 題型：信息匹配

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下框的A～F選項(xiàng)中選出能概括每一段主題的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（注意：E涂AB;F涂AC;G涂AD.）

A. Stay busy.

B. Wear what fits you.

C. You can possibly be attractive.

D. Great posture makes you attractive.

E. Helping others makes you attractive.

F. Attention to others makes you attractive.

 

61.                         

It is possible to be an attractive person when you are in a job interview or in a place where you just want to gain the respect of others. It’s not about how much money you make, and it’s not about your daddy is. What it is about is some simple things in your life. It just has a lot to do with being confident in who you are.

62.                       

Ask questions about others when you stay with them and listen to them patiently. Talking about yourself all the time shows that you pay no attention to others. Shifting attention from yourself to others makes you attractive. It indicates that you are humble (謙遜的). If you come across as a know-it-all (even if you really do know it all), it really pushes people feel that you care, you are humble and you can be trusted.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

63.                       

Have you ever seen a potentially very attractive person, but he has terrible posture (姿勢(shì))？It’s all ruined, isn’t it? Or perhaps you have seen someone who may be quite ugly but he has great posture and so suddenly he is really attractive? It’s true. Your posture says a lot about you – it says whether you have confidence, or simply if you really care. Talking physically, it is one of the most important physical characteristics you need.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               

64.                        

Keeping doing things shows that you have power. You’re told to stay busy to ward off (防止，避免) depression and feelings of anxiety. But did you know you should also stay busy to be really attractive? It’s true. Always have something to do. Have you ever seen someone just sitting around, doing nothing? How unattractive! Always be busy with something, Even if for some reason you have to make something up.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

65.                          

Wear clothes that fit you. Too tight, people are distracted. Too loose, you just look sloppy (肥大而難看的). For women, wearing tight pants or shirts is not attractive. Slightly loose things are best, or other things that just fit you and your shape well but not tight. Men and women with taste and style really don’t know why some guys think their pants sagging down are somehow attractive. It just tells people you don’t really care. You are following the crowd. Wear things that fit you nicely.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：河北省2009-2010學(xué)年度高三下學(xué)期第一次調(diào)研考試 題型：閱讀理解

We can offer you a place at one of the best universities in Britain. We’ll provide you with a choice of 150 first class courses developed especially to enable you to study in your own time, backed by the Open University’s own special study method-OU supported open learning.

We’ll give you the support of a personal teacher, and the chance to meet your fellow students. You can take one-off courses, diplomas (畢業(yè)證), a degree or a postgraduate degree(文憑). Subjects available include: computing, business management, technology, modern languages, social sciences, English law, arts, science, mathematics, education and health﹠social welfare.

Did you know?

The OU is in the top 15% of all UK universities for teaching quality

25% of all British MBAs come from the OU

Over 30,000 employers have offered chances to their staff on OU courses

40,000 OU students are on line from home

There are 9 month courses and new diplomas as well as degrees

AMBA Accredited(合格的)

Whether you want to study to improve your jobs or for your own personal interest, there’s almost certainly a course for you. If you haven’t studied for a while, we’ll help you get started. No previous training or degrees are required, you just need a lively power of learning and a willingness to learn. It’s real value for money and you can pay by monthly payments.

Open University course materials are of the highest quality and come in a variety of forms, including video and audio tapes as well as texts. The OU leads the world in its use of new technology for learning. A number of courses provide source material on CD Rom. What else can the Open University offer you? The best way to find out is to use the coupon（折價(jià)券） below or phone us today.

57. This is an advertisement of _________.

A. inquiring (調(diào)查) English learning          B. setting Open University

C. selling books                D. attracting students

58. As a student of the Open University, you don’t need to ________.

A. buy any course materials   B. have lessons all the time at the university

C. choose which course to learn      D. pay any money for your study

59. The Open University can supply you with _________.

A. a course for training you English          B. a classroom and a library for study

C. different kinds of free instructions      D. different jobs to choose from

60. We can learn from the text that ________.

A. OU courses are popular in Britain

B. money for learning must be paid off at one time

C. we can’t telephone the university during the night

D. people can’t be employed without finishing OU courses

 

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