Question

Cheerleading is the fastest growing girls' sport, yet more than half of Americans do not believe it is a sport. Actually, competitive cheerleading is a sport.

A sport is a “physical activity against/with an opponent, governed by rules and conditions under which a winner is declared, and the primary purpose of the competition is a comparison of the relative skills of the participants. "Because cheerleading follows these guidelines, it is a sport.

Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activities. Like gymnasts, cheerleaders must learn to tumble (翻滾) . They perform lifts and tosses. This is where the "flied' are thrown in the air, held by "bases" in different positions that require strength and cooperation with other teammates.

Just as basketball and football have guidelines for competitive play, so does competitive cheerleading. The whole routine has to be completed in less than 3 minutes and 15 seconds and the cheerleaders are required to stay within a certain area.

Competitive cheerleaders' goal is to be the best. Just like gymnasts, they are awarded points for difficulty, creativity and sharpness. The more difficult a mount, the sharper the motions, the better the score. Cheerleading is a team sport so without cooperation, first place is out of reach.

Cheerleading is the number-one cause of serious sports injuries to women. Emergency room visits for cheerleading are five times the number of those for any other sport, partially because they do not wear protective gear. While many athletes are equipped with hip pads or helmets, smiling cheerleaders are tossed into the air and spiral down into the arms of trusted teammates. The fliersmust remain tight at all times so that their bases can catch them safely. Also, because cheerleading is not yet recognized as a sport by many schools, neither proper matting nor high enough ceilings are provided to ensure safety. Instead, the girls use whatever space is available. More recognition of competitive cheerleading as a sport would decrease the number of injuries.

So why do many Americans not think cheerleading is a sport? Some people argue that cheerleaders are just "flirts in skirts" with their only job to entertain the crowd, but cheerleaders today work just as hard as other athletes.

Hopefully, cheerleading will become as well-known a sport as football and basketball, and even appear in the Olympics since cheerleaders are just as athletic and physically fit as those involved in the more accepted sports.

1.What does the underlined word "bases" in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A. Strength and cooperation.

B. Lifts and tosses.

C. Supporting teammates.

D. Physical activities

2.Gymnasts are mentioned in the passage to _

A. explain the dangers of cheerleading

B. show their similarities with cheerleaders

C. suggest cheerleaders learn to do gymnastics

D. present the guidelines of gymnastic movements

3.It can be learned from the passage that cheerleading

A. is a good sport for all people

B. lacks necessary guidelines to follow

C. is more than a form of entertainment

D. enjoys greater popularity than other sports

4.This passage is written mainly to

A attract more girls to cheerleading

B draw people's attention to cheerleading

C call for more recognition of competitive cheerleading as a sport

D criticize some Americans who do not think cheerleading as a sport

 

Answer 1

1.C

2.B

3.C

4.C

【解析】

試題分析:本文是一篇論述文，通過(guò)介紹啦啦隊(duì)的具體活動(dòng)來(lái)呼吁人們要把啦啦隊(duì)的活動(dòng)列為一項(xiàng)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。啦啦隊(duì)是以團(tuán)隊(duì)形式出現(xiàn)的，并且結(jié)合舞蹈、口號(hào)、舞伴特技，包括托舉等難度動(dòng)作和技巧，他們還要遵守比賽規(guī)則中對(duì)性別、人數(shù)、時(shí)間等的限制。

1.that require strength and cooperation with other teammates.

中的other teammates可以推測(cè)該詞意思是指啦啦隊(duì)的“隊(duì)員”，選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段 Like gymnasts, cheerleaders must learn to tumble (翻滾) . They perform lifts and tosses. 和第四段Just like gymnasts, they are awarded points for difficulty, creativity and sharpness.可知啦啦隊(duì)的隊(duì)員要和體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員一樣學(xué)會(huì)翻滾等動(dòng)作，他們有著相似的地方，故答案選B。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章對(duì)拉拉隊(duì)員的要求和他們的表演動(dòng)作以及倒數(shù)第二段but cheerleaders today work just as hard as other athletes以及末段…… since cheerleaders are just as athletic and physically fit as those involved in the more accepted sports.可知啦啦隊(duì)的活動(dòng)已經(jīng)不只是表演了，故答案選C。

4. 主旨大意題。作者在文章開頭提出Actually, competitive cheerleading is a sport.然后介紹了如今啦啦隊(duì)的一些具體要求和活動(dòng)，然后在文章最后又重申自己的論點(diǎn)Hopefully, cheerleading will become as well-known a sport as football and basketball, and even appear in the Olympics……，由此判斷文章中心內(nèi)容是通過(guò)介紹來(lái)引起人們對(duì)啦啦隊(duì)的重視，呼吁人們要把這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)去當(dāng)做一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，選C。

考點(diǎn)：考查社會(huì)生活類短文閱讀