閱讀下面短文，從各題A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。
People who smoke could lose around one third of their daily memory, researchers say.
A study by a team at Northumbria University showed that smokers lost more of their memory when compared to non-smokers.
And the research also found that those who kicked the habit saw their ability to recollect information restored to almost the same level as non-smokers.
The study involved more than seventy 18-to-25-year-olds and included a tour of the university’s campus. Those who took part were asked to recall small details, such as a list of songs played at a campus concert and tasks completed at various points－known as real world memory test. Smokers performed badly, remembering just 59 percent of tasks. But those who had given up smoking remembered 74 percent and those who had never smoked recalled 81 percent of tasks.
Dr. Tom Heffernan, who leads Northumbria University’s Collaboration for Drug and Alcohol Research Group, said the findings would be useful in anti-smoking campaigns. He said, “Given that there are up to 10 million smokers in the UK and as many as 45 million in the United States, it's important to understand the effects smoking has on everyday cognitive（認(rèn)知的）function-of which prospective memory is an excellent example. ”
“This is the first time that a study has set out to examine whether giving up smoking has an impact on memory. We already know that giving up smoking has huge health benefits for the body, but this study also shows how stopping smoking can have knock-on benefits for cognitive functions too. ’’
The research will now investigate the effects of passive smoking on memory, while Dr. Heffernan and Dr. Terence O’Neil will look into the effects of third-hand smoking－toxins left on curtains and furniture.
小題1:What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Smoking does harm to health.
B．Smokers take a tour to the University’s campus.
C．Smoking can affect one’s memory.
D．Smokers are compared to non-smokers.
小題2:How did those who took part in the study perform when asked to recall small details?
A．Smokers did the worst among the participants.
B．Non-smokers could recall about half of them.
C．Smokers could recall nothing at all.
D．Those who gave up smoking did best.
小題3:According to Dr. Tom Heffernan, the findings_______.
A．would be really a surprise to the public
B．would contribute to fighting against smoking
C．would be used in real world memory test
D．would be nothing new to the researchers
小題4:What does the underlined word “impact’’ most probably mean?
A．orderB．impressionC．expression D．effect
小題5:What will Dr. Heffernan and Dr Terence O’Neil do?
A．Investigate the effects of third-hand smoking.
B．Do research on how smoking affects passive smokers.
C．Find ways to persuade people to quit smoking.
D．Study whether giving up smoking affects memory.

小題1:C
小題2:A
小題3:B
小題4:D
小題5:A

試題分析：本文講述的是抽煙對人的記憶力影響的實驗，想通過這個實驗來告訴人們，抽煙的危害。
小題1:C 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主題段第一段People who smoke could lose around one third of their daily memory, researchers say.說明抽煙的人容易遺忘，這就是文章的主題，故C項正確。
小題2:A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段最后3行Smokers performed badly, remembering just 59 percent of tasks. But those who had given up smoking remembered 74 percent and those who had never smoked recalled 81 percent of tasks.說明抽煙的人表現(xiàn)最差，故A正確。
小題3:B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段前三行Dr. Tom Heffernan, who leads Northumbria University’s Collaboration for Drug and Alcohol Research Group, said the findings would be useful in anti-smoking campaigns.說明他認(rèn)為這個研究對于與吸煙的斗爭是有益的，故B正確。
小題4:D 推理題。根據(jù)下句. We already know that giving up smoking has huge health benefits for the body,說明這里是指抽煙對人的影響，故D項正確。
小題5:A 根據(jù)文章最后一段he research will now investigate the effects of passive smoking on memory, while Dr. Heffernan and Dr. Terence O’Neil will look into the effects of third-hand smoking－toxins left on curtains and furniture.說明接下來的研究對象應(yīng)該就是third-hand smoking，故A正確。
點評：本文講述的是抽煙對人的記憶力影響，本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題為主，細(xì)節(jié)題可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息?或是其變體。搜查信息在閱讀中非常重要它包括理解作者在敘述某事時使用的具體事實、數(shù)據(jù)、圖表等細(xì)節(jié)信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細(xì)節(jié)。做這類題一般采用尋讀法?即先讀題?然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文?找出與問題有關(guān)的詞語或句子?再對相關(guān)部分進行分析對比?找出答案。
練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Holding a cell phone against your ear or storing it in your pocket may be dangerous to your health. This explains a warning that cell phone manufacturers include in the small print that is often ignored when a new phone is purchased. Apple, for example, doesn’t want iPhones to come closer to you than 1.5 centimeters; Research In Motion, BlackBerry’s manufacturer, recommends 2.5 centimeters.
If health issues arise from cell phone use, the possible effects are huge. Voice calls - Americans chat on cell phones 2.26 trillion(萬億)minutes annually - earn $109 billion for the wireless carriers.
Devra Davis, an expert who has worked for the University of Pittsburgh, has published a book about cell phone radiation, “Disconnect.” The book surveys scientific research and concludes the question is not settled.
Brain cancer is a concern that Ms. Davis examines. Over all, there has not been an increase in its incidence since cell phones arrived. But the average masks an increase in brain cancer in the 20-to-29 age group and a drop for the older population.
“Most cancers have multiple causes,” she says, but she points to laboratory research that suggests low-energy radiation could damage cells that could possibly lead to cancer.
Children are more vulnerable（易受傷的）to radiation than adults, Ms. Davis and other scientists point out. Radiation that penetrates only five centimeters into the brain of an adult will reach much deeper into the brains of children because their skulls are thinner and their brains contain more absorptive fluid（易吸收的液體）. No studies have yet been completed on cell phone radiation and children, she says.
Henry Lai, a research professor in the bioengineering department at the University of Washington, began laboratory radiation studies in 1980 and found that rats exposed to radiation had damaged DNA in their brains.
Ms. Davis recommends using wired headsets or the phone’s speaker. Children should text rather than call, she said, and pregnant women should keep phones away from the abdomen（腹部）.
小題1:According to Ms Davis, brain cancer increase ____.
A．a(chǎn)mong childrenB．a(chǎn)mong old people
C．in the twentiesD．a(chǎn)mong pregnant women
小題2:Why do children easily be affected by radiation?
A．Because they haven’t grown up.
B．Because they are too young to protect themselves.
C．Because they use cell phones more often than adults.
D．Because their skulls are thinner and their brains are easily hurt.
小題3:What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A．Pregnant women should keep cell phones away.
B．People should use cell phones in the correct way.
C．If you are a child, you’d better text than make phone calls.
D．When you use a cell phone, use a wired headset or the phone’s speaker.
小題4:What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Be careful when using cell phones.
B．Don’t hold your cell phone against your ear.
C．Rats exposed to radiation have damaged DNA in their brains.
D．Low-energy radiation could damage cells that could lead to cancer.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Ann Whimey, a sophomore(大學(xué)二年級學(xué)生) at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking tests when she began college. "I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeks before a test. Yet I would go to take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions correctly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldn't think of the answer."
The young student was experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and is uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the great nervousness. though poor scores are often a result of poor study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes low scores. Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students.
Special university counseling(咨詢) courses try to help students. In these courses, counselors try to help students by teaching them how to manage test anxiety. At some universities, students take tests to measure their anxiety. If the test shows their anxiety is high, the students can take courses to help them deal with their nervousness. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work at ease, learn information, then come out without difficulty in a test.
An expert at the University of California explains, "With almost all students, relaxation is felt after taking our program. Most of them have better control during their test. Almost all have some improvements. For some, the improvement is very great.
小題1:The title of the passage should be                        
A．Tests at college
B．Anxiety and Tests
C．How to Get Rid of Anxiety
D．Counseling Courses Help Students
小題2:According to this passage, we mainly find poor scores may result from     
A．lazinessB．sleeplessness
C．nervousnessD．poor study habits
小題3:In order to get rid of test anxiety, students should  
A．take tests to measure their anxiety
B．take counseling courses to help themselves
C．let their minds work at ease
D．learn to control their nervousness
小題4:According to the counselor at the University of California, the program is    
A．successful
B．ineffective
C．of great help to all
D．worth showing off

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Ways to fight the flu
The flu is annoying enough on its own. In order to keep yourself from it, follow these tips.
★Get the flu vaccine(疫苗). It’s the best way to protect yourself against the flu.     1       It also helps the people around you because there’s less chance you will catch the flu and pass it on.
★Wash your hands often. Hand washing is an important way to protect against germs(細(xì)菌) like flu viruses.       2     So get in the habit of washing your hands when you come home from school, the mall, or anywhere else where you are around a lot of people.
★      3      Flu viruses travel through the air, so try to stay away from people who look sick. It’s also a good idea to avoid touching your nose, eyes, and mouth –three places flu viruses can easily enter the body.
★Cough or sneeze into a tissue(手巾紙) –not into your hands. That way, you’re not spreading the virus when you touch surfaces that other people may touch too.
★      4       You don’t want to pass your germs to someone else. And staying home is a great excuse to watch your favorite movie, play video games, or read to have a good rest.          5          
You also can fight the flu by getting enough sleep, eating healthy foods, drinking plenty of water, and getting regular exercise.
Don’t let the flu ruin your fall and winter fun. Fight back!
A．Stay home if you have the flu.
B．Keep your distance if someone is sick.
C．Rest can help the body recover faster.
D．Take some medicine as soon as you have the flu.
E. It also helps protect against other germs and illnesses.
F. Getting vaccinated doesn’t just protect your own health.
G. Don’t let the flu fall at one of the most exciting times of the year.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Teenagers who do not get enough of the nutrients commonly found in fruits and fish are easier to have bad lungs, coughing and wheezing （喘息）．Teens who eat the least of fruit and especially vitamin C have weaker lungs compared to the others．
Teens who take in less vitamin E, found in vegetable oil and nuts, are more likely to have asthma（哮喘）, Jane Bums at the Harvard School of Public Health found.
Based on these findings．Bums said that current recommended dose（一劑）of vitamin C, 85 mg a day, may not be enough for teens to have healthy lungs．Teens who eat less fruit and don't take in enough fatty acids （脂肪酸） are more likely to have asthma and the signs of breathing difficulty．
Proper amounts of fatty acids are protective, Bums said, though fish, the best source of fatty acids, is particularly unpopular with teenagers．Fatty acids are also found in some nuts as well as some green vegetables'．Smokers who avoid vitamin C will increase their chances of coughing, wheezing and developing phlegm（痰）．
More than 80 percent of teens are getting their recommended doses of vitamin C - mainly from fruit drinks．"I wouldn't approve of drinking them, but at least they're getting their vitamin C from somewhere," Burns said．
Burns added that there are several different ways to get the necessary nutrients．"I think vitamin supplements are fine．I think adding vitamin D to orange juice is fine．But I do think there are added benefits that we don't fully understand of eating whole foods like fruits and vegetables and fish," she said．The researchers did not account for poverty and other factors that often distinguish less-healthy eaters and may explain their findings．
小題1:According to the passage, what is the problem with teens who don't get enough nutrients?
A．They are becoming smokers．B．They don't take enough exercise．
C．They eat too much fruit and fish．D．They are likely to have weaker lungs．
小題2:According to Burns, how should teens get the necessary nutrients?
A．By drinking juice as much as possible．
B．By eating more whole foods．
C．By taking vitamin pills．
D．By giving up smoking．
小題3:Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the researchers in the passage?
A．The amount of nutrients teens should take in a day．
B．How teens can take in enough nutrients．
C．Whether poor teens can prove their findings．
D．The fact that teens don't like fish．
小題4:What is the best title for the passage?
A．Poor nutrition hurts teens' health．B．Teens lack proper nutrition．
C．Teens are easy to suffer from diseases．D．More fruit help keep teens healthy．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It seems like every day there's some new research about whether our favorite drinks are good for us.  One day,  science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer. The next day, maybe not.  It seems journalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee.  Now there's been a lot of research into whether coffee's good for our health "the results have really been mixed"，admits Neal Freedman who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medical journal recently.   "There's been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and there's also  been  maybe  more recent evidence that coffee  may protect against other diseases as well".
Freedman and his colleagues undertook the biggest study yet to look at the relationship between coffee and health.  They analyzed data collected from  more than  400，000 Americans ages 50 to 70 participating in the study.  "We found that the coffee drinkers had a modestly lower risk of death than the non-drinkers， he said.  Here's what he means by "modestly": those who drank at least two or three cups a day were about 10 percent or 15 percent less likely to die for any reason during the 13 years of the study when the researchers looked at specific causes of death, coffee drinking appeared to cut the  risk  of  dying from  heart  disease, lung  disease injuries,  accidents  and infections.
Now, Freedman stressed that the study doesn't prove coffee can make people live longer .A study like this can never prove a cause-and-effect relationship.  All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation. And even if it turns out that coffee is really good for you, scientists have no idea why.
小題1:According to the first paragraph，reporters  would like to  know  the research findings of_______.
A． teaB． beerC． coffeeD． wine
小題2:According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A． Freedman and his colleagues hired 400，000 Americans to collect date.
B． People who took part in Freedman's research are about 50 to 70 years old.
C． About 400, 000 Americans worked for Freedman's team for 13 years.
D． People who are 50 to 70 years old seldom drink wffee.
小題3:According to the author, scientists________.
A． have already proved that coffee is good for human health
B． have a long way to go before they find a way to study coffee
C． have avoided the cause-and-effect approach to study coffee
D． are still unable to figure out why coffee is good for us
小題4:Which of the following can be the best title?
A． The Magical Effects of Coffee
B． Neal Freedman and His Research
C． Can Coffee Help You Live Longer?
D． A Cup of Coffee A Day Makes Diseases Away

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Many of us don't pay much attention to the importance of eye care. It is said that if you take care of your body, then you can surely be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care. Natural eye care should be put in a number one place.
There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not enough food, genes (基因) and aging (老化). Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight. If you happen to work in front of the computer, it is best to take a break every once in a while. Something dirty can cause redness and they will make you feel uncomfortable. It is bad for your eyes, too. If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from harmful things. For example, sunglasses are not just for fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight form UV rays.
Eating healthy foods will do good to your eyesight. Remember that vitamins A, C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food groups that have these vitamins. And you should do eye exercises because exercise protects your eyesight, too. If a person exercises regularly (定期地) and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time.
All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. Being happy all the time can be helpful to a person's eyesight, too. In a word, eye care is very important, no matter how old a person is.
小題1:_____ is the most important way to protect our eyes.
A．Seeing the doctorB．Taking medicine
C．Natural eye careD．Being happy all the time
小題2:All the following causes can lead to bad eyesight except _______.
A．a(chǎn)geB．heightC．readingD．computers
小題3:What should you do if you have to work in front of the computer?
A．Eat healthy foods.B．Have a rest after working for a while.
C．Wear a pair of sunglasses.D．Clean the eye by using cold water
小題4:Which is the best title of the passage?
A．Ways of Being HappyB．Ways of Eye Exercises
C．Ways of Eye CareD．Ways of Being Healthy

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

I met Ryan, a young man with cerebral palsy (腦癱), in my biology class. My simple "Hello!" and his cheerful reply were the   36  to our friendship from the first day of school. There was a time when Ryan was not able to come to school. He was in a great deal of   37    after having a surgery on his legs, but he   38  his sufferings from everyone.
In our junior year, we found that we didn't   39  a single class. This was not a problem, though. We just talked a little more in the hallway   40  passing periods. That year seemed to fly by. One day, Ryan asked me to hold the torch (火炬) runner's flag that would   41  the spot where Ryan would   42  his Olympic torch run. He gently explained that he would be honored   43  I would accept this position for him. The Olympic committee sent a letter saying that the person that holds the flag for him must be someone   44  to him. He said I was the only true friend he had   45  made that talked to HIM and not to his wheel chair. How could I   46  such a request?
On the morning of June 5th, as I walked down the sidewalk, my heart   47  and my mind became a factory of questions. I kept wondering how everything was going to happen and how Ryan would   48  the huge crowd of thousands of people.
After the van arrived, the other runners got out and lined up outside the van, chanting his name, "Ryan! Ryan!" Then all of the people   49  in, “Ryan! Ryan!” The lift then lowered Ryan to the ground. There he was, in all his   50 .
It all became slow motion at the sight of the arriving torch. The runner lit Ryan's torch and then Ryan began his   51 . As he took off down the street, the chanting became louder and louder. The   52  filled the air and even I felt like I was on cloud number nine. I could not have been any prouder of Ryan！ He   53  this moment in time --a historic moment--a moment that he was a part of and   54  me to be a part of, too.
Mr. Weinheimer, the next torch runner, bent over and gave Ryan a hug. That moment will last in time forever. It symbolized the whole   55  of the flame: love, excitement, enthusiasm, brotherhood, and life of any man. The flame united us all and showed that love is really what makes this small world go around after all.
小題1:
A．solutions B．keys C．routes D．responses
小題2:
A．danger B．fear C．painD．puzzle
小題3:
A．hid B．preventedC．released D．relieved
小題4:
A．change B．miss C．a(chǎn)ttend D．share
小題5:
A．except B．for C．during D．before
小題6:
A．mark B．test C．number D．decorate
小題7:
A．cover B．begin C．continue D．lead
小題8:
A．while B．a(chǎn)lthough C．if D．unless
小題9:
A．polite B．kind C．grateful D．important
小題10:
A．everB．never C．a(chǎn)lso D．even
小題11:
A．a(chǎn)dmit B．refuse C．make D．repeat
小題12:
A．a(chǎn)ched B．raced C．stopped D．sank
小題13:
A．explain to B．differ fromC．respond toD．call on
小題14:
A．joined B．stepped C．poured D．broke
小題15:
A．potential B．preference C．glory D．surprise
小題16:
A．training B．journey C．life D．struggle
小題17:
A．a(chǎn)nxiety B．satisfactionC．harmony D．excitement
小題18:
A．deserved B．recalled C．treasured D．chose
小題19:
A．promised B．encouragedC．a(chǎn)llowed D．followed
小題20:
A．mystery B．power C．informationD．meaning

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The clock rules our lives. The more we try to save time, the less time we seem to have. In every area of our lives we are doing things faster. And many of us live in towns and cities which are getting noisier and more stressful as each day passes. But now a worldwide movement, whose aim is to slow life down, has started. Its supporters are people who believe that a happier and healthier way of life is possible.
The Slow Food movement was founded the day that an Italian journalist, Carlo Petrini, saw that McDonald’s had opened a restaurant in a beautiful square in Rome. He thought it was sad that many people today live too quickly to sit down for a proper meal and only eat much fast food. He decided that he had to try to do something about it and so he started the Slow Food movement. Slow Food has become a global organization ever since and now has more than 80,000 members in 100 countries.
Slow Food also encourages people to eat local and regional food, to use local shops and markets, to eat out in small family restaurants, and to cook with traditional recipes.
The idea of Slow Cities was inspired by the Slow Food movement. The aim of Slow Cities is to improve people’s quality of life. Towns which want to become a Slow City have to reduce traffic and noise, increase the number of green areas, plant trees, build pedestrian zones, and promote local businesses and traditions. Now it has spread to other countries all over the world, from the UK to Japan and Australia. There are now 135 Slow Cities in 24 countries across the world that have been named since founding of the organization in 1999. Gao Chun County, in east China’s Jiangsu Province, is expected to be named the first “Slow City” in China next year.
“Slow Cities are about having a community life in the town,” said a local resident. “It is not ‘slow’ as in ‘stupid’. It is ‘slow’ as in the opposite of ‘worried’ and ‘stressful’.”
But not everybody is happy. For teenagers, who have to go 25km to Norwich, the nearest city, to buy CDs, living in a Slow City is not very attractive. “It’s all right here,” says Lewis Cook, 16. “But if you want excitement, you have to go to Norwich. We need more things here for young people.”
小題1:What’s the aim of the Slow Food movement?
A．To call on people to eat out.
B．To make people enjoy cooking.
C．To drive McDonald’s out of Rome
D．To encourage people to slow down.
小題2:All the following are necessary to be a Slow City EXCEPT ______.
A．reducing traffic and noise
B．increasing the number of green areas
C．building more department stores
D．promoting local businesses and traditions
小題3:From the fourth paragraph, we know that ______.
A．the Slow Food was founded in 1999
B．there is no Slow City in China now
C．Slow Cities are mainly in the UK
D．there are about 24 Slow Cities in the world
小題4:What’s Lewis Cook’s attitude to living in a Slow City?
A．PositiveB．NeutralC．NegativeD．Indifferent
小題5:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Slow down and you’ll move fast
B．Time flies never to be recalled.
C．Eat slowly and you’ll be healthy.
D．Pay attention to the quality of life.

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案