Question

【題目】On April 12th, two African American men walked into a Starbucks in Philadelphia, and sat down to wait for their friend.Because they had not bought anything, an employee asked them to leave.When the two men refused, the employee called the police, and in minutes, they were arrested.It was not until later that day that they were let go.

The video of this incident posted on Twitter went viral.People across the US were outraged.Unfortunately, these practices are not uncommon today.This incident is just one example of implicit bias(內(nèi)隱偏見(jiàn)), something that is a part of human nature.

Most of the time, implicit bias refers to people showing negative associations towards people of a different race.Starting from a young age, these feelings develop unconsciously and naturally, because our brain draws associations based on our background, cultural environment and personal experiences.

Implicit bias affects our everyday speech and actions and these unconscious decisions can be harmful to our society.There have been many examples of blacks unfairly killed by white officers, such as in the cases of Philando Castile and Alton Sterling, which happened only two years ago.Implicit bias affects the justice system, our medical system where studies show minorities are less likely to be taken seriously, and job placements where white males are likely to be judged as more capable compared to women and other minorities.

Starbucks CEO Kevin Johnson and the police have publicly apologized to the two men, and Starbucks will be holding an anti-bias training meeting on May 29th. All Starbucks stores will be closed on that day.However, critics and experts have said that such training is done "for show" rather than to promote change.

To address this issue, many experts agree that what the world needs is a long-term program that targets the root cause.It also starts with promoting diversity in children from an early age when they have friends and playmates from different races and cultures.

【1】What does the underlined word "outraged" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Very angry. B. Quite curious. C. Very delighted. D. Quite puzzled.

【2】What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A. The nature of implicit bias. B. The examples of implicit bias.

C. The basic concepts of implicit bias. D. The negative effects of implicit bias.

【3】What might experts think of the anti-bias training meeting?

A. It will be a shame for Starbucks B. lt will be a meaningless practice.

C. It will raise the police's reputation. D. lt will raise public awareness of anti-bias.

【4】What might many experts agree with?

A. Starbucks should be closed.

B. Implicit bias should be ignored.

C. Children should be taught to avoid implicit bias.

D. Implicit bias should be dealt with by the policemen.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 A

【2】 D

【3】 B

【4】 C

【解析】

本文是一篇議論文，文章講述了兩個(gè)男人在星巴克里等人的時(shí)候沒(méi)有消費(fèi)而被星巴克報(bào)警趕走，由此因此文章討論的話題：內(nèi)隱偏見(jiàn)。文章對(duì)此現(xiàn)象做了詳細(xì)介紹并列舉了具體事例。

【1】猜測(cè)詞意題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“Starbucks CEO Kevin Johnson and the police have publicly apologized to the two men, and Starbucks will be holding an anti-bias training meeting on May 29th.”可知星巴克的CEO和警察都向二人道歉，而且星巴克將開(kāi)展反對(duì)歧視的培訓(xùn)會(huì)議。說(shuō)明他們的這種行為讓大眾很憤慨，在巨大的壓力之下他們才做出了回應(yīng)。該詞意為“very angry”，所以選擇A項(xiàng)。

【2】段落大意題。根據(jù)本段中前兩句“Implicit bias affects our everyday speech and actions and these unconscious decisions can be harmful to our society. There have been many examples of blacks unfairly killed by white officers…”可知本段主要介紹內(nèi)隱偏見(jiàn)對(duì)人們?nèi)粘Ｐ袨榈挠绊�，并舉例做了說(shuō)明。所以D項(xiàng)正確。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“However, critics and experts have said that such training is done "for show" rather than to promote change”可知批評(píng)家和專家都認(rèn)為星巴克的這種培訓(xùn)是做秀，是一種沒(méi)有意義的做法，而不是真正的要做出改變。故B項(xiàng)正確。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一句“It also starts with promoting diversity in children from an early age when they have friends and playmates from different races and cultures.”可知專家認(rèn)為要從小開(kāi)始教育孩子要接受多樣化，不要有歧視和偏見(jiàn)。故C項(xiàng)正確。