19．During the years when I was a teacher，I learned a lot of things．Perhaps the most important one was the life-changing （36）C of encouraging words．
I （37）B what Leo Buscaglia had done with his students in University of Southern California．In one class Leo Buscaglia and his students had made two lists of （38）B，one positive and one negative．Then they （39）A the negative words in the trash and tried to use only the （40）Dwords for one month．They were （41）Cat how much better their lives became just by using words full of （42）B．
I decided to try this as well by （43）Bsomething good to write on each paper my students （44）D．No matter how many mistakes a student's paper （45）A，there was always a （46）D sentence，beautiful thought，or a great idea that I could （47）Bon．I remember glancing over my desk and （48）Csome of the students reading those encouraging words （49）A．It was a joy seeing their eyes shine a little brighter，their （50）C sit up a little straighter，and their learning climb a lot （51）B．
I recently saw one of my （52）D students and we talked for a while．He has got married，and has two children now．As I was saying goodbye，he said，"You know I （53）C have a few of those old papers．I look at them from time to time．I just （54）A my kids have a good teacher like you．"I was amazed at the （55）C those few positive words had on his life．
May your own life be forever full of encouraging words in your ears，from your lips and in your heart．

36．A．methodB．a(chǎn)bilityC．powerD．a(chǎn)pproach
37．A．improvedB．1earnedC．wonderedD．used
38．A．booksB．wordsC．ideasD．tasks
39．A．threwB．collectedC．storedD．wrote
40．A．familiarB．standardC．commonD．positive
41．A．curiousB．disappointedC．a(chǎn)mazedD．confused
42．A．a(chǎn)stonishmentB．encouragementC．friendshipD．a(chǎn)dvantage
43．A．buyingB．findingC．a(chǎn)skingD．wishing
44．A．took downB．put awayC．looked throughD．handed in
45．A．containedB．createdC．a(chǎn)voidedD．reduced
46．A．completeB．strangeC．simpleD．meaningful
47．A．a(chǎn)greeB．commentC．bringD．depend
48．A．keepingB．havingC．seeingD．1eaving
49．A．a(chǎn)gain and againB．now and thenC．little by littleD．step by step
50．A．1egsB．waistsC．backsD．shoulders
51．A．furtherB．higherC．deeperD．wider
52．A．presentB．cleverC．carefulD．former
53．A．everB．neverC．stillD．merely
54．A．hopeB．a(chǎn)dmitC．complainD．remember
55．A．resultB．strengthC．effectD．importance

分析 本文是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，文章通過自己用鼓勵性的文字激勵學(xué)生的故事告訴我們?nèi)松泄膭畹闹匾裕梢宰屛覀兛朔芏嗟睦щy，讓人生更有意義．

解答 36-40CBBAD 41-45CBBDA 46-50DBCAC 51-55BDCAC
36．C名詞辨析．A．method方法；B．a(chǎn)bility能力；C．power力量；D．a(chǎn)pproach方法．空格處語意為：也許最重要的就是那些改變?nèi)松墓膭畹奈淖值牧α浚蔬xC．
37．B動詞辨析．A．improved改善；B．1earned了解；C．wondered想知道；D．used使用．空格處語意為：我了解了Leo Buscaglia在南卡羅萊納大學(xué)所做的事情．故選B．
38．B上下文串聯(lián)．根據(jù)19空后的the negative words說明他們在黑板上寫下了兩排的單詞（words）．故選B．
39．A動詞辨析．A．threw扔掉；B．collected收集；C．stored儲存；D．wrote寫．空格處語意為：他們把那些有消極含義的文字都扔掉了，只使用那些積極的．故選A．
40．D上下文串聯(lián)．空格處語意為：他們把那些有消極含義的文字都扔掉了，只使用那些積極的（positive）．故選D．
41．C形容詞辨析．A．curious好奇的；B．disappointed失望的；C．a(chǎn)mazed驚訝的；D．confused困惑的．空格處語意為：他們驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的生活變化第多么好．故選C．
42．B上下文串聯(lián)．根據(jù)上文可知他們把消極的詞都扔掉了，只使用那些積極意義的詞（如encouragement）．故選B．
43．B動詞辨析．A．buying購買；B．finding發(fā)現(xiàn)；C．a(chǎn)sking請求；D．wishing希望．空格處語意為：我決定做同樣的事情，要找到一些鼓勵的詞寫在學(xué)生的作文上．故選B．
44．D短語辨析．A．took down拆卸；B．put away收拾；C．looked through瀏覽；D．handed in上交．空格處語意為：我要在學(xué)生們上交的作業(yè)上寫一些鼓勵的文字．故選D．
45．A動詞辨析．A．contained包含；B．created創(chuàng)造；C．a(chǎn)voided避免；D．reduced減少．空格處語意為：無論學(xué)生作文中有多少錯誤，總有一些有意義的句子．故選A．
46．D形容詞辨析．A．complete完整的；B．strange奇怪的；C．simple簡單的；D．meaningful有意義的．空格處語意為：無論作文中有多少錯誤，總有一些有意義的句子．故選D．
47．B固定短語．Comment on…對…做出評論；此處譯為：作文里有我可以評論的句子，思想或者觀點．故選B．
48．C上下文串聯(lián)．根據(jù)29空后It was a joy seeing說明這里也使用see，故選C．
49．A短語辨析．此處譯為：我能看見學(xué)生一次又一次（again and again）地看這些鼓勵人心的評論，對他們有很大的鼓勵作用．故選A．
50．C上下文串聯(lián)．根據(jù)sit up a little straighter坐得更直，說明是后背坐得更直．故選C．
51．B上下文串聯(lián)．空格處語意為：得到老師的鼓勵，學(xué)生眼睛更亮，坐得更直，學(xué)習(xí)上爬得更高（higher）．故選B．
52．D上下文串聯(lián)．由下文他有兩個孩子了說明他是我以前的學(xué)生．故former正確．故選D．
53．C副詞辨析．A．ever曾經(jīng)；B．never從未；C．still仍然；D．merely僅僅，只不過．空格處語意為：我仍然還保留這一些這樣的文章．故選C．
54．A動詞辨析．A．hope希望；B．a(chǎn)dmit承認(rèn)；C．complain抱怨；D．remember記得．空格處語意為：我希望我的孩子也有一位你這樣的好老師．故選A．
55．C名詞辨析．A．result結(jié)果；B．strength力氣；C．effect影響；D．importance重要性．空格處語意為：對于這些文字的影響我感到很驚訝．故選C．

點評 本文講述了鼓勵的重要作用．從本篇完型可以看出考生對首段應(yīng)該給與足夠的重視，因為往往它就是文章的中心，它體現(xiàn)的觀點往往決定了全文的觀點，所以多花一點時間看首段是永遠(yuǎn)是值得的．同時考生在選擇答案時要根據(jù)上下文的復(fù)現(xiàn)或同現(xiàn)以及這些詞之間的有機聯(lián)系來確定答案．由于完形填空的文章是一個意義相關(guān)聯(lián)的語篇，圍繞一個話題論述，因此在行文中詞語的重復(fù)、替代、復(fù)現(xiàn)和同現(xiàn)現(xiàn)象是不可避免的．根據(jù)這個原則，某一個空格所對應(yīng)的答案很可能就是在上下文中復(fù)現(xiàn)或同現(xiàn)的相關(guān)詞：原詞、同義詞、近義詞、反義詞等．

練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

9．Sweet potato makes a comeback as a popular food （it's healthier，too！）
Once considered a fringe（非主流的） food by the US．dinner table mainstream，sweet potatoes are fast becoming popular everywhere from fast food chains to expensive restaurants and the White House table．
Three years ago，the"Wall Street Journal"wrote in a front page article that except for their use in a Thanksgiving dish，sweet potatoes were a wholly uninteresting food．Yet over the past two years，the number of restaurants offering a sweet potatobased side dish has increased 40percent．Food giant ConAgra just spent﹩155million to open the world's first plant devoted entirely to frozen sweet potato products，and US．farmers are planning to harvest a recordsetting 2billion pound crop．
"It's not something we believe is a fashion，"said Andy Johnston of ConAgra Foods Lamb Weston．
According to research conducted by ConAgra，30percent of sweet potato eaters report consuming the vegetable several times per month．Only 12percent eat them only during the Thanksgiving and winter holiday season．
Analysts believe the sweet potato's growing popularity in large part is due to sweet potato fries，which account for the majority of the vegetable's presence in U．S．restaurants．In fact，Google searches for"sweet potato fries"increased 40percent over the past year．
Sweet potatoes have also become popular among more conscious eaters，however，in part because they are high in vitamins and have a low glycemic（血糖的）index in spite of their sweetness．Both Weight Watchers and the South Beach Diet have recommended sweet potatoes，roasted in a little oil rather than fried，and doctors are recommending them for diabetics．
"Within the diabetic community，it's become pretty common knowledge that sweet potatoes are good for you，so there's a great appeal because so many people have diabetes now，"said Chef Michel Nischan，who helps host a TV show for people with diabetes．

56．This passage mainly wants to tell us thatC．
A．American high officials have started to eat sweet potatoes
B．Expensive restaurants have begun to serve costumers with sweet potatoes
C．Sweet potatoes are becoming a popular food in the United States
D．The habit of eating sweet potatoes was formed a long time ago
57．From this reading passage we infer that ConAgraA．
A．is one of the biggest foodmaking companies in the US
B．is one of the richest foodselling companies in the US
C．has asked American farmers to produce more sweet potatoes this year
D．has produced large quantities of sweet potatobased side dishes
58．Which of the following may NOT encourage the sweet potato's popularity？D
A．US restaurants recommend sweet potatoes to their customers as a vegetable．
B．Google searches show more and more people are becoming interested in sweet potatoes．
C．Sweet potatoes are rich in vitamins and low in glycermic index．
D．Sweet potatoes taste very sweet．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

10．Living abroad to study can certainly be an interesting experience but is that alone a good enough reason for spending years far away from home？To make the experience truly worthwhile，there has to be a goal behind the decision to study abroad．This may be a wish to perfect language skills in a foreign language environment，or a clever move in your career development．You must also consider the costs，not just of living and studying abroad，but of applying．Most universities now charge application fees for international students．
If after considering these points you are sure that you want to apply to study abroad，your next step is to choose the right programme of studies．Research your choices and select carefully．You must do your homework well．Most universities have information online but you can also email and ask them to send you more details．You can find a lot of information on school ranking from education websites．But read carefully．Different universities emphasize different strengths．Don't just think about the university's reputation （名聲）； look for the most suitable for your goals．
Next，you must deal with a large pile of paperwork．This involves filling in application form，preparing your school records，and getting reference letters．Reading the instructions and requirements of the universities carefully is of great importance．Sadly，many fine applicants get kicked out in the first round，simply because they don't follow the application procedure properly．
Money is another important consideration．Some scholarships are provided by governments，others by schools and colleges．This information，again，can be found on the Internet．If you find a scholarship that is suitable for you，follow the application procedure carefully； the earlier you apply，the better your chance of getting it．
63．According to the article，studying abroad is truly worthwhile becauseA．
A．it is a chance to develop your career     
B．it is an interesting experience
C．it is fun to travel around the world  
D．a(chǎn)ll your friends are doing so
64．A school ranking list tells youB．
A．the names of all the professors       
B．how good the school is compared to others
C．how much the courses cost         
D．where the school is located
65．What are the three basic steps when you apply？C
A．Buy an airplane ticket，read the instructions and requirements，and study．
B．Write a reference letter，do paperwork，and study．
C．Prepare reference letters，prepare school records，and fill in the application form．
D．Prepare school records，do paperwork，and work hard．
66．The underlined phrase"get kicked out in the first round"in Paragraph 3meansC．
A．lose money in the first round       
B．get accepted  in the next round
C．fail to get to the next round                
D．get kicked by a professor．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

7．Baths and bathing have long been considered of medical importance to man．In Greece there are the ruins of a water system for baths built over 3，000years ago．The Romans had warm public baths．In some baths，as many 3，000persons could bathe at the same time．
Treating disease by taking bathing has been popular for centuries．Modern medical bathing first became popular in Europe and by the late 1700's has also become popular in the United States．
For many years frequent bathing was believed to be bad for one's health．Ordinary bathing just to keep clean was avoided，and （perfume）was often used to cover up body smells!
By the 1700's doctors began to say that soap and water were good for health．They believed that it was good for people to be clean．Slowly，people began to bathe more frequently．During the Victorian Age of the late 19th century，taking a bath on Saturday night became common．
In the United States ordinary bathing was slow to become popular．During the 18th and early 19th centuries，many Americans were known as"The Great Unwashed!"In one American city，for example，a person was only allowed to take a bath every thirty days!That was a law!
Frequency of bathing today is partly a matter of habit．People know that bathing for cleanliness is important to health，Doctors know that dirty bodies increase the chance of diseases．As a result，in the United States，people generally bathe often．Some people bathe once a day at least．They consider a daily bath essential  to good health．

32．A water system for baths was built byA over 3，000years ago．
A．the Greeks   
B．the Romans 
C．the Americans
D．the Europeans
33．Dirty bodies canD．
A．ruin one's business             
B．drive customers away
C．cause good health              
D．cause disease
34．In the 18th century doctors believed that being clean wasC．
A．unimportant      
B．harmful    
C．good for health   
D．important
35．The underlined word"perfume"probably meansD．
A．good health                   
B．a(chǎn) strange smelling substance
C．large wealth                   
D．a(chǎn) sweet smelling substance．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：完形填空

14．The Making of a Surgeon
How does a doctor recognize the point in time when he is finally a"surgeon"？As my year as chief resident （進修醫(yī)生） drew to a close，I asked myself this question on more than one occasion．
The answer，I concluded，was（50）D．When you can say to yourself，"There is no surgical patient I cannot treat competently （勝任地），treat just （51）B or better than any other surgeon"--then，and not until then，you are indeed a surgeon．I was （52）D that point．
Take，（53）A，the emergency situations that we met almost every night．The first few months of the year I had （54）C the ringing of the telephone．I knew it meant another critical resolution to be （55）A．Often，after I had told Walt or Larry what to do in a particular （56）D，I'd have trouble getting back to sleep．I'd （57）B all the facts of the case and，often，wonder if I had made a poor decision．More than once at two or three in the morning，after lying （58）A for an hour，I'd get out of bed，dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself．It was the only way I could find the （59）A of mind I needed to relax．
Now，in the last month of my residency，（60）C was no longer a problem．Sometimes I still couldn't be sure of my decision，but I had learned to accept this as a （61）B problem for a surgeon．I knew that with my knowledge and experience，any decision I'd made was certain to be a （62）C one．It was a nice feeling．
This all sounds conceited （自負(fù)的） and I guess it is--but a surgeon needs conceit．He needs it to encourage him in trying moments when he's bothered by the （63）D and uncertainties that are part of the practice of medicine．He has to feel that he's as good as and probably better than any other surgeon in the world．Call it conceit--call it self-confidence； whatever it was，I had it．And it is，I am sure，what a person has to make a（n） （64）B in life．

50．A．self-serviceB．self-appreciationC．self-respectD．self-confidence
51．A．more thanB．a(chǎn)s well asC．other thanD．a(chǎn)s long as
52．A．supportingB．a(chǎn)pprovingC．handlingD．a(chǎn)pproaching
53．A．for exampleB．in realityC．by contrastD．a(chǎn)t intervals
54．A．valuedB．a(chǎn)voidedC．fearedD．enjoyed
55．A．a(chǎn)doptedB．a(chǎn)ppliedC．includedD．developed
56．A．conditionB．stateC．occasionD．situation
57．A．retellB．reviewC．reviseD．remind
58．A．a(chǎn)wakeB．a(chǎn)shamedC．a(chǎn)wkwardD．a(chǎn)sleep
59．A．peaceB．troubleC．sorrowD．excitement
60．A．drivingB．reviewingC．sleepingD．operating
61．A．medicalB．constantC．surgicalD．rare
62．A．criticalB．specificC．properD．difficult
63．A．confidenceB．conceitC．solutionsD．doubts
64．A．effortB．successC．chanceD．promise

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：完形填空

4．For hours I had been traveling up the Nile Valley，from Luxor to Cairo，on a train jammed with Egypt's working poor．
At I a．m．I（36）ACairo and took a taxi to Tahrir Square．I was（37）Cand，having been to Cairo before，knew that while most of the city was（38）Bat this hour，a couple of fast-food restaurants would be open there．
The taxi dropped me（39）Dacross the street from Hardee's．A moment later，just as I was about to（40）Dthe restaurant door，two street children ran towards me with full（41）Cfor food．
Being a veteran （老練之人） traveler（42）Bhaving once lived in Egypt for a year，I was no stranger to children （43）Cor people asking me for help．But seldom had I been so（44）D by the sincerity of the request．
I turned back to the（45）Aand asked them to wait while I went inside to buy them food．At the counter I（46）Atwo hamburgers for the boys．
When their food was ready，I walked back（47）Band invited them in to eat with me．"No!"they cried（48）C．"We do not belong in such a nice place!"
 （49）Ato persuade them otherwise，I brought the（50）Bout，and as they took the burgers，they showered me with 30 seconds of nonstop（51）A．praying that Allah would bless me always．
And this is（52）B．five years later，I still ask God's blessings for those two Egyptian boys．I（53）Cas sincerely as they had for me，（54）Dthat while they had nothing material to give，they had given me something （55）A：an awareness of my spiritual poverty and a desire for a softer heart．
36．A．reachedB．sawC．visitedD．noticed
37．A．thirstyB．a(chǎn)ngryC．hungryD．frightened
38．A．let downB．closed downC．got downD．put down
39．A．a(chǎn)wayB．backC．outD．off
40．A．shutB．lockC．coverD．open
41．A．smilesB．hardshipsC．criesD．honors
42．A．a(chǎn)part fromB．a(chǎn)s well asC．in favour ofD．in return for
43．A．beatingB．strugglingC．beggingD．trembling
44．A．surprisedB．regrettedC．a(chǎn)ppointedD．moved
45．A．boysB．driversC．waitersD．workers
46．A．orderedB．demandedC．requestedD．deserved
47．A．insideB．outsideC．forwardD．backward
48．A．happilyB．cheerfullyC．a(chǎn)stonishinglyD．sadly
49．A．UnableB．ImpossibleC．ReadyD．Willing
50．A．bookB．foodC．cookD．look
51．A．blessingsB．belongingsC．campaignsD．challenges
52．A．howB．whyC．whereD．when
53．A．tellB．speakC．prayD．bow
54．A．forgettingB．followingC．regrettingD．remembering
55．A．greaterB．fewerC．lessD．lower

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：完形填空

11．When my son，Justin，was four，he found a caterpillar （毛蟲） and put it in a jar．Each day he fed it with fresh grass and leaves．In a few weeks we discovered it   （36）B  in a cocoon （繭）．
Justin was excited．He knew a moth （蛾） or butterfly was about to be （3）A，but he didn't know what kind．He was  （38）D to know what gift nature was about to give him．
"Dad!"shouted the boy while running to me one day．"Something's  （39）B．Come see!"
He led me to his room．The cocoon had become half transparent and we could  （40）A    the wings of the unborn．Soon，a moth broke free from the cocoon，and laid eggs completing the life （41）C   of the little caterpillar．
The next day，I convinced Justin it was time to set the moth free．He took it（42）D，opened the jar，and the little moth flew out．It（43）C   the yard twice，came back，and landed on Justin's arm．He picked it up，tossed it in the air，and the moth repeated its （44）A  pattern．He tried over and over，but each time it would （45）D to his arm．
Justin （46）B．He put his little pet back to the jar．The next day he attempted to set it free again，and after a few repetitions of the same behavior，the moth（47）C  flew off into the grass．
Like a  （48）A，I believe the moth was afraid to leave what it was comfortable with．It wanted to stay with something （49）D，scared to move on and experience something unknown．
I was once that little moth．My cocoon was my mother's （50）A，in which I was comfortable．Like the moth，I didn't want to fly too far away from it．I was  （51）C  when my first job required me to move to a new city．What would I find there？I liked （52）B  I was．
Humans are creatures of （53）C．We resist change．However，if I hadn't moved，I would not have experienced many （54）B  and wonderful things or met many of my friends．So each move gave me the （55）D   to learn and experience，but best of all，I met friends．

36．A．trappedB．wrappedC．developedD．protected
37．A．bornB．changedC．raisedD．created
38．A．upsetB．contentC．luckyD．curious
39．A．disappearingB．happeningC．spreadingD．cracking
40．A．identifyB．feelC．countD．imagine
41．A．planB．taskC．cycleD．project
42．A．backB．downC．a(chǎn)sideD．outside
43．A．exploredB．searchedC．circledD．a(chǎn)bandoned
44．A．flightB．gameC．a(chǎn)dventureD．communication
45．A．stickB．caterC．turnD．return
46．A．kept upB．gave upC．looked aroundD．turned around
47．A．carelesslyB．successfullyC．finallyD．hesitatingly
48．A．humanB．butterflyC．caterpillarD．pet
49．A．friendlyB．similarC．pleasantD．familiar
50．A．loveB．instructionC．requirementD．expectation
51．A．thrilledB．crazyC．a(chǎn)fraidD．a(chǎn)nnoyed
52．A．whatB．whereC．howD．who
53．A．emotionB．conscienceC．habitD．a(chǎn)mbition
54．A．oddB．newC．funnyD．vital
55．A．courageB．pleasureC．motivationD．opportunity

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

8．Critical thinking is an important skill that can increase students'ability to learn in any situation．This can be applied to traditional education to traditional education，or directly in a career related role．Many teachers find it such a valuable skill that they give their students a critical thinking question every day．Developing this ability can mean the difference between"just passing a course"and"understanding the material well enough"so that what students learn from it will follow them throughout their life．
Some characteristics of a critical thinker that teacher should encourage are；
-asking questions as a reaction to something  read or discussed；
-determining the"deeper meaning"of particular passage or topic；
-providing input and opinions to topics as a direct result of analysis and research； and
-reasoning in an effort to develop an argument of your own opinion．
It is important for a student to understand more than definition（定義）One way to truly understand an idea is to have heands-on practice，and to apply concepts learned in a  textbook．Such"mini-examples"will interest a student and improve their understanding of a topic．This is how life-long skills can be developed．
Teachers that use critical thinking practices in the classroom can"go above and beyond"by asking questions that promote a greater comprehension of the material．Instructors should be able to challenge students and create an environment where they are analyzing material and gaining a better understanding．This will make the classroom move in a direction for learning．It can also help students to stay interested in the course material，as they always have a new concept to consider．
At the same time，students benefit greatly from developing critical thinking skills．When learned early on，these skills can be used throughout their college education．Students can understand how to consider a topic，analyse it，and discuss it from different points of view．These are skills that will benefit them when they are part of the workforce as well．

31．Critical thinking can best be described asC．
A．a(chǎn) system to improve people's memory
B．a(chǎn) method to expand people's knowledge
C．a(chǎn) way to increase people's ability to understand
D．a(chǎn) process to make people more critical of others
32．The underlined word"it"in Paragraph 1refers toD．
A．the ability  B．the difference  C．the course  D．the material
33．According to the passage，a critical thinker shouldB．
A．a(chǎn)sk questions before reading the material
B．be able to develop their own opinions
C．predict the deeper meaning of a topic
D．do more analysis and research
34．The author thinks"mini-examples"are useful because theyC．
A．a(chǎn)ssist students to better remember definitions
B．give students hands-on practice
C．help to keep students interested
D．help students develop concepts
35．Who are the intended reader of the passage？A
A．Teachers． B．Parents． C．Examines． D．Headmasters．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

9．The health-care economy is filled with unusual and even unique economic relationships．One of the least understood involves the peculiar roles of producer or"provider"and purchaser or"consumer"in the typical doctor-patient relationship．In most sectors of the economy，it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various appealing factors of price，quality，and use，and it is the buyer who makes the decision．Such condition，however，is not common in most of the health-care industry．
In the health-care industry，the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer．Once an individual has chosen to see a physician-and even then there may be no real choice-it is the physician who usually makes all significant purchasing decisions：whether the patient should return"next Wednesday"，whether X-rays are needed，whether drugs should be prescribed，etc．It is rare that a patient will challenge such professional decisions or raise in advance questions about price，especially when the disease is regarded as serious．
This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care．The physician must certify the need for hospitalization，determine what procedures will be performed，and announce when the patient may be discharged．The patient may be consulted about some of the decisions，but in general it is the doctor's judgments that are fi nal．Little wonder then that in the eye of the hospital it is the physician who is the real"consumer"．As a consequence，the med ical staff represents the"power center"in hospital policy and decision-making，not the administration．
Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable participants-the physician，the hospital，the patient，and the payer （generally an insurance carrier or government）-the physician makes the essential decisions for all of them．The hospital becomes an extension of the physician； the payer generally meets most of the bills generated by the physician/hospital，and for the most part the patient plays a passive role．We estimate that about 75-80 percent of health-care choices are determined by physicians，not patients．For this reason，the economy directed at patients or the general is relatively ineffective．
 
28．The author's prim ary purpose in writing this passage is toD．
A．urge hospitals to reclaim their decision-making authority
B．inform potential patients of their health-care rights
C．criticize doctors for exercising too much control over patients
D．a(chǎn)nalyze some important economic factors in health-care
29．It can be inferred that doctors are able to determine hospital policies becauseB．
A．most of patient's bills are paid by his health insurance
B．it is doctors who generate income for the hospital
C．some patients might refuse to take their physician's advice
D．a(chǎn) doctor is ultimately responsible for a patient's health
30．According to the author，when a doctor tells a patient to"return next Wednesday"，the doctor is in factC．
A．a(chǎn)dvising the patient to seek a second opinion
B．warning the patient that a hospital stay might be necessary
C．instructing the patient to buy more medical services
D．a(chǎn)dmitting that the first visit was ineffective
31．The author is most probably leading up toA．
A．a(chǎn) proposal to control medical costs
B．a(chǎn) study of lawsuits against doctors for malpractice
C．a(chǎn)n analysis of the cause of inflation （通貨膨脹） in the US
D．a(chǎn) discussion of a new medical treatment．

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案