11．The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past．With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphone，writing by hand has become something of nostalgic （懷舊的）skill．However，while today's educators are using more and more technology in their teaching，many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful---both in school and in life．
Virginia Berninger，professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington，says it's important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand．
Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks---both on a computer and by hand．The study，published in 2009，found that when writing with a pen and paper，participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate．
In a more recent study，Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student's writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to know well they can write．"Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active which helps us access our vocabulary，word meaning and concepts．It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas．"Berninger said．
Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe（轉(zhuǎn)換）"those words in the mind written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen，"the study said．Seeing the words in the"mind's eye"helps children not only to turn their ideas into words，says Berninger，but also to spot（發(fā)現(xiàn)） spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct then over time．
"In our computer age，some people believe that we don't have to teach spelling because we have spell checks，"she said．"But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level，they won't have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer．"
28．What makes writing by hand a thing of the past？B
A．The absence of blackboard in classroom      
B．The use of new technologies in teaching．
C．The lack of practice in handwriting．
D．The popular use of smartphones．
29．Berninger's study published in 2009A．
A．focused on the difference between writing by hand and on a computer．
B．indicated that students prefer to write with a pen and paper．
C．found that good essays are made up of long sentences．
D．discussed the importance of writing speed．
30．What does"mind's eye"in paragraph 5 mean？D
A．Window．B．Soul   C．Picture．D．Imagination．
31．What conclusion could be drawn from the passage？C
A．Computers can help people with their choice of words．
B．Spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching．
C．Handwriting still has a place in today's classrooms．
D．Functional spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade．

分析 本文主要講述的是：隨著現(xiàn)代科技的發(fā)展，書寫漸漸被人們所忽視．但是Berninger的研究表明，書寫在現(xiàn)代教學(xué)中應(yīng)該占有一席之地．加強(qiáng)拼寫有助于學(xué)生的發(fā)展．

解答 28．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第一段"With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphone，writing by hand has become something of nostalgic （懷舊的）skill．"可知隨著像電腦和智能手機(jī)的使用，書寫已經(jīng)成為了人們懷舊的東西．故答案選B．
29．A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第三段首句"Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks---both on a computer and by hand．"可知Berninger和她的同事做了個(gè)研究，想看看學(xué)生用電腦和用手工完成各種寫的任務(wù)的情況．故答案選A．
30．D．詞義猜測(cè)題．根據(jù)第五段中"Seeing the words in the"mind's eye"helps children not only to turn their ideas into words，but also to notice spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over time．"可知用內(nèi)心去看這些單詞，不僅能幫助學(xué)生們將思想變成文字，而且也能注意到拼寫的錯(cuò)誤和正確的書寫．聯(lián)系本意：思想的眼睛則為想像之意．故選D
31．C．主旨大意題．根據(jù)第一段特別是最后一句中"many believe handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful--both in school and in life．"句意：有許多人相信寫作技能在學(xué)校與生活中依然有必要學(xué)的．和文章的最后一段，首段說明隨著新技術(shù)的到來，手寫已經(jīng)成為過去，之后文章中部提到手寫的好處，最后一段進(jìn)一步闡明書寫的重要．故答案選C．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文是一個(gè)科教類閱讀理解，題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案．推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)．

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