Choose the yum(美味的東西) and risk the yuk（討厭的東西）?
Scientists have given us a lot of health warnings. The advice from cancer experts for avoiding bowel(腸) cancer is "try to avoid processed(加工過的) meats such as bacon, ham, corned beef and some sausages", and women fearing breast cancer are told "there doesn't seem to be a starting point at which alcohol consumption is safe",
But all these health warnings tend to have little influence on behavior, So who is being unreasonable —the scientists who give us health advice, or the public that just ignores it?
The curious fact is that both might be right. The reasoning behind these health warnings seems to be this: if you do more of something pleasurable (which we shall give the name “yum”) there is a higher risk of something bad (which we shall give the name “yuk”)occurring, so you should avoid yum.
But when presented with this argument you might ask two questions.
First, maybe the pleasure of yum makes the risk worth taking, especially if yuk might occur a long time in the future? Second, maybe there are other benefits of yum that could cancel out the risks of the particular yuk that has been identified (確認(rèn)) ?
So suppose bacon sandwiches are your particular yum: research shows that 50g per day — that is a great greasy sandwich — increases your risk of bowel cancer by 20%.
But this means that out of every 100 people who stuffed down that big bacon sandwich every day of their lives, the number of bowel cancers would rise from five to six.
In addition, if a middle-aged woman gave up alcohol, it might reduce her risk of breast cancer, but could increase risk of some other cancers as well as heart disease.
So we need to look at the whole picture before trying to get people to change what they do, since everything has benefit and harms — just think of the joggers(慢跑者) who get knocked down by cars — and people need to be able to find their own balance.
Therefore, as you reach for your yum, perhaps sometimes pause a moment and realize that you are taking a gamble(賭博) on the yuk occurring, but that it may be a risk worth taking.
【小題1】What is the advice given by scientists for avoiding breast cancer?

A．Try to avoid processed meat.B．Try to avoid alcohol.
C．Try to choose the yum.D．Try to risk the yuk.
【小題2】 What does “this argument” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．If you choose the yum, you will risk the yuk.
B．If you risk the yuk, you’ll choose the yum.
C．The yum is worth taking, especially if yuk might occur in the future.
D．Other benefits of yum could cancel out the risks of the yuk.
【小題3】Why do we need to look at the whole picture before trying to get people to change what they do?
A．Because giving up alcohol might reduce breast cancer.
B．Because people are not able to find their own balance.
C．Because all the things have both sides.
D．Because the advice given by scientists is not true.
【小題4】According to the passage, which of the following is correct?
A．People are often influenced by the health warnings.
B．Both the scientists and the public are not reasonable.
C．Alcohol consumption has both benefit and harms.
D．People should avoid yum to reduce the risk of yuk.


【小題1】B
【小題1】A
【小題1】C
【小題1】C

解析

練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

This year some twenty-three hundred teenagers（young people aged from 13 —19）from all over the world will spend about ten months in U. S. homes. They will attend U.S. schools, meet U.S. teenagers, and form impressions of the real America. At the same time, about thirteen hundred American teenagers will go to other countries to learn new languages and gain a new understanding of the rest of the world.

Here is a two-way student exchange in action. Fred, nineteen, spent last year in Germany with George’s family. In turn, George’s son Mike spent a year in Fred’s home in America.

Fred, a lively young man, knew little German when he arrived, but after two months’ study, the language began to come to him. The school was completely different from what he had expected — much harder. Students rose respectfully① when the teacher entered the room. They took fourteen subjects instead of the six that are usual in the United States. There were almost no outside activities.

       Family life, too, was different. The father’s word was law, and all activities were around the family rather than the individual. Fred found the food too simple at first. Also, he missed having a car.

       “Back home, you pick up some friends in a car and go out and have a good time. In Germany, you walk, but you soon learn to like it.”

       At the same time, in America, Mike, a friendly German boy, was also forming his idea. “I suppose I should criticize② American schools,” he says. “It is far too easy by our level. But I have to say that I like it very much. In Germany we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many outside activities. I think that maybe your schools are better in training for citizens. There ought to be some middle ground between the two.”

Notes:

respectfully  adv. 尊敬地，謙恭地

criticize  vt. 批評，責(zé)備

Choose the best answers according to the above:

This year       __ teenagers will take part in the exchange programme between America and other countries.

A. twenty-three hundred       B. thirteen hundred

C. over three thousand   D. less than two thousand

The whole exchange programme is mainly to        __.

A. help teenagers in other countries know the real America

B. send students in America to travel in Germany

C. let students learn something about other countries

D. have teenagers learn new languages

What is particular in America schools is that        __.

A. there is some middle ground between the two teaching buildings.

B. there are a lot of outside activities

C. students usually take fourteen subjects in all

D. students go outside to enjoy themselves in a car

After experiencing the American school life, Mike thought        __.

A. a better education should include something good from both American and Germany

B. German schools trained students to be better citizens

C. American schools were not as good as German schools

D. the easy life in the American school was more helpful to students

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年上海市虹口區(qū)高考一模英語試卷（解析版） 題型：信息匹配

Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.

PARIS

1.Paris, the capital and the largest city of the country, is in north central France. The Paris metropolitan area contains nearly 20% of the nation’s population and is the economic, cultural, and political center of France. The French government has historically favored the city as the site for all decision making, thus powerfully attracting nearly all of the nation’s activities.

2.Paris has grown steadily since it was chosen as the national capital in the late 10th century. With the introduction of the Industrial Revolution, a great number of people moved to the city from the country during the 19th century. The migration was especially stimulated by the construction of railroads, which provided easy access to the capital. After World War II more and more immigrants arrived.

3.The city is the centralized control point of most national radio and television broadcasting. It is a place of publication of the most prestigious (有威望的) newspapers and magazines and an international book publishing center. With more than 100 museums, Paris has truly one of the greatest concentrations of art treasures in the world. The Louvre, opened as a museum in 1793, is one of the largest museums in the world.

4.In the late 1980s about 4.1 million pupils annually attended about 47,000 elementary schools. In addition, about 5.4 million students attended some 11,200 secondary schools. Approximately 1.2 million students were enrolled annually at universities and colleges in France in the late 1980s. French centers of learning have served as academic models throughout the world.

5.Paris is the leading industrial center of France, with about one quarter of the nation’s manufacturing concentrated in the metropolitan area. Industries of consumer goods have always been drawn to Paris by the enormous market of the big population; and modern, high-technology industries also have become numerous since World War II. Chief manufactures are machinery, automobiles, chemicals and electrical equipment.

 

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：廣西南寧市2010屆高三下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試英語 題型：閱讀理解

D

American Watersports

Tuesday-Saturday

Located on the beach of the Sea Gardens Beach Resort, there are fun things to rent for the whole family. They offer rentals for kayaks, jetskis, and even parasails! Enjoy the water upclose or from a bird’s eye view! No matter what activity you’re enjoying, be sure to protect yourself and your family from the sun’s powerful rays and apply plenty of sun block!

15th Street Boat Company

Monday-Saturday

15th Street Boat Company offers rental boats of all kinds. They’re sure to have what you are looking for, whether it’s a small boat for a quick and simple outing or a luxurious boat with comfortable seats with a stereo（立體聲）and high tech navigation（導(dǎo)航）. You can rent a boat for half a day, a couple days, or even weeks at a time. If you want it, they’ve got it. It’s fun for everyone!

Coconut’s Watersports

9a.m.-5p.m. Monday through Sunday

Coconut’s Water sports is open 7days a week for your convenience and offers tons of water fun for the whole family. Jet ski activities last 30 minutes or 1hour and can make stops along the way. You must be at least 14years of age to ride alone and can be as young as 3 to ride along with an adult. Everybody is required to wear a life jacket and a license is required to operate the jet ski. Bathing suits and shorts are recommended.

Jet Ski Tours of Miami

Thursday- Sunday 10 a.m.-7p.m

Jet Ski Tours of Miami includes onsite parking, indoor restrooms, lockers, and life jackets for participants. You may choose a one or two hour tour and each jet ski can hold up to 3 people. You must be at least 18 years old in order to ride. As long as you are accompanied by an adult, there is no age limitation for any passenger. There is a restaurant nearby to eat at. The tour visits 6 different islands and passes by Bayside and Hard Rock. You may even catch a glimpse of dolphins playing or a manatee resting in these fabulous Florida waters.

68. What activity is convenient for the visitors to have lunch?

A. Jet Ski Tours of Miami           B. Coconut’s Watersports

C. 15th Street Boat Company        D. American Watersports

69. To satisfy your son’s curiosity about marine animals, you_________.

A. will rent a boat to ride with him

B. prefer a high-living boat with comfortable seats with a stereo

C. would like to prefer American Watersports to Florida waters

D. can choose the tour to Bayside and Hard Rock

70. If you like to sail a boat, you can_________.

A. go to the Sea Gardens Beach Resort     B. visit 15th Street Boat Company

C. choose Jet Ski Tours of Miami          D. go to Coconut’s Watersports

71. To ride alone in the jet ski activities, _________.

A. you have to be at least 14 years old     B. you can choose to wear a life jacket or not

C. you must be over 18 years old         D. you have to be with parents

 

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：廣東省2009-2010學(xué)年度高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

第四部分: 閱讀理解（共15小題，滿分30分）

閱讀下列三篇短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

It is important for Americans to thank other people for favors even if what the other person did was very small. Both children and older people should be thanked for any kind act. The person accepting the thanks usually says something to make the favor seem small, or says that it was his pleasure to help you, or simply, “ You’re welcome.”

It is equally important to apologize when you have hurt or disappointed someone. When possible, you should always add a reasonable explanation or excuse for your behavior. When there is some loss or damage to personal property(財產(chǎn)), the person responsible(負(fù)責(zé)) for the loss should both apologize and offer to pay for the item.

Most of the time the other person accepts the apology graciously and doesn’t show any disappointment or anger. But if the problem was really serious or it happened several times before, the person might say something how he feels.

56. It is necessary to thank a person who is _____ for any kind act.

A. older than you         B. younger than you

C. the same age as you     D. all of the above

57. If you do any damage to someone’s property, you should _____.

say how sorry you feel and offer to pay for the item.

Just apologize for what you have done.

Say nothing and try to forget about it.

Pay for the damage without saying a word.

58. When you apologize for something, you should ____.

always remember to say it is not your fault.

try to explain the reason for your actions.

add an excuse even if it is not a good one.

none of the above

59.When someone apologizes to you, you should_____.

accept the apology kindly       B. tell him how upset you are

take no notice of him.          D. give an angry reply and leave him alone.

60.Choose the best title of this passage.

A. Don’t hurt others    B. Thanking

C. Habit of Americans   D. Thanking and Apologizing

 

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：上海市閘北區(qū)2010屆高三下學(xué)期期中練習(xí)卷（英語） 題型：其他題

Section C

Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph.  There is one extra heading which you do not need.(本題請涂在答題卡上)

(E)

A．The disadvantage(s) of credit cards.

B．Clever choice of credit cards.

C．The benefits credits cards bring.

D．Avoidance of economic trouble by using credit cards wrongly.

E. People’s misunderstanding about credit cards.

F. Ways to save on the interest.

 

80.______ Although credit cards are already a more acceptable part of the financial dealings, they are still regarded, especially in the time of a serious economic crisis, by many as being a major part of the “l(fā)ive now pay later” system.  Along with hire-purchase regulations, credit cards, according to some, provide encouragement to spend more money.  However, it’s only the fool who is dominated by the temptation to live, temporarily at least, beyond their means, and such people would no doubt manage to do so even without credit cards.

81.______ Advertising campaigns have already promoted a growing realization of the advantages of these small pieces of plastic.  They avoid the need to carry large amounts of cash and are always useful in emergencies.  And the monthly credit card bill is a loyal booker keeping your monthly purchase record and indicating your buying habits.

82.______ All the credit card organizations charge interest on a monthly basis which may work out as high as two percent a year.  But sensible purchase using a card can mean that you obtain up to seven weeks interest-free credit.  Using the card abroad, where items frequently take a long time to be included on your account, can extend this period even further.

83.______ It is worthwhile consulting more credit card companies before deciding on a particular credit card.  It is necessary to consider the amount of credit granted, interest rates, which may vary slightly; the number and range of outlets, though most cards cover major stores.

84.______ Undoubtedly, if used wisely, a credit card can cost nothing, or at lease help to tide you over a period of financial difficulty.  However, we should also remember that the wrong use of the little plastic may drag us deep into financial troubles.  More than half of the American personal bankruptcy(破產(chǎn)) and credit failure cases are connected with the wrong use of the credit card.  Therefore, every time you open your wallet and reach for a credit card, remember to ask yourself:” Is the item necessary to me?” and “Do I really need so many credit cards?” 

 

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案