From the moment babies are born, parents are helping them to be released into the world, not to＿＿them or to control their lives for the rest of life.
A. hold on to ’B. put up with
C. give in to D. break up with
考前必練系列答案科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省高三4月階段測試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
In the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torrents of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins.
These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can’t change your behavior by simply resolving to do something. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it. Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It's more like a muscle, which tires easily. Moreover, you're a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, you’ll probably do so, too.
The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, we know that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is not simple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.
Much of our behavior, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers at Duke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed by habit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits—cue, routine, reward.
You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor at night, that'll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don’t try to ignore your afternoon snack craving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.
Their research thus implies a different character model, which is supposed to manipulate the neural networks inside.
To be an effective person, under this model, yo
u are supposed to coolly examine your own unconscious habits, and the habits of those under your care. You are supposed to devise strategies to alter the cues and routines. Every relationship becomes slightly manipulative, including your relationship with yourself. You're trying to arouse certain responses by implanting certain cues.
This is a bit disturbing, because the important habitual neural networks are not formed by mere routine, nor can they be reversed by clever cues. They are burned in by emotion and strengthened by strong yearnings, like the yearnings for admiration and righteousness.
If you think you can change your life in a clever way, the way an advertiser can get you to buy an air freshener, you’re probably wrong. As the Victorians understood, if you want to change your life, don’t just look for a clever cue. Commit to some larger global belief.
1.Which of the following is the first-to-none element in the 19th-century character model?
A. Action. B. Capacity. C. Resolution.D. Enthusiasm.
2.The research at Duke University indicated that ________
A. One’s behavior is tough to change.
B. Habit has an unidentified structure.
C. Habit plays a vital role in one's behavior.
D. Both habit and will power are of significance.
3.According to the new character model, personal behavior could be altered through
A. techniques to break old routines.
B. techniques to provide different physical cues.
C. cues to change all the former unconscious habits.
D. cues to manipulate the habitual neural responses.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省高三模擬考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
This is my world now; it’s all I have left. You see, I’m old. And, I’m not as healthy as I used to be. I’m not necessarily happy with it, but I accept it. Occasionally, a member of my family will stop in to see me. He or she will bring me some flowers or a little present, maybe a set of slippers—I’ve got eight pairs. And then they will return to the outside world and I’ll be alone again. Oh, there are other people here in the nursing home. Residents, we’re called. The majority are about my age. I’m 84. Many are in wheelchairs. The lucky ones are passing through—a broken hip, a diseased heart, something has brought them here for rehabilitation(康復(fù)). When they’re well they’ll be going home.
The help here is basically pretty good, although there’s a large turnover of staff. Just when I get comfortable with someone he or she moves on to another job. I understand that. This is not the best job to have. I don’t much like some of the physical things that happen to us. I don’t care much for a diaper(尿布). I seem to have lost the control acquired so diligently as a child. The difference is that I’m aware and embarrassed, but I can’t do anything about it. I’ve had three children, and I know it isn’t pleasant to clean another’s diaper. My husband used to wear a gas mask when he changed the kids. I wish I had one now.
Why do you think the staff insists on talking baby talk when speaking to me? I understand English. I have a degree in music and am a certified teacher. Now I hear a lot of words that end in “y”. There is little need for anyone to position their face directly in front of mine and raise their voice with those “y” words. Sometimes it takes longer for a meaning to sink in; sometimes my mind wanders when I am bored. But there’s no need to shout.
I’d love to go out for a meal or travel again. I’d love to go to my own church, sing with my own choir. I’d love to visit my friends. Most of them are gone now or else they are in different “homes” of their children’s choosing. I’d love to play a good game of bridge, but no one here seems to concentrate very well. My children put me here for my own good. They said they would be able to visit me frequently. But they have their own lives to lead. That sounds normal. I don’t want to be a burden. They know that. But I would like to see them more. One of them is here in town. He visits as much as he can.
Something else I’ve learned to accept is loss of privacy. Quite often I’ll close my door when my roommate—imagine having a roommate at my age—is in the TV room. I do appreciate some time to myself and believe that I have earned at least that courtesy(禮貌). As I sit thinking or writing, one of the aides invariably opens the door unannounced and walks in as if I’m not there. Sometimes she even opens my drawers and begins searching around. Am I invisible? Have I lost my right to respect and dignity? I am still a human being. I would like to be treated as one.
Back to my semiprivate room for a little semi-privacy or a nap(午睡). I do need my beauty rest; company may come today. What is today, again? The afternoon drags into early evening. This used to be my favorite time of the day. Things would wind down. I would kick off my shoes. Put my feet up on the coffee table. Pop open a bottle of Chablis and enjoy the fruits of my day’s labor with my husband. He’s gone. So is my health. This is my world.
1.Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?
A. The staff at the nursing home mistreated the elderly people.
B. Nursing home workers sometimes stole items from her drawers.
C. Her children did not often visit because they felt guilty for having put her in the nursing home.
D. The staff used baby talk with her because they assumed her mind had aged as her body had.
2.The author concluded her essay with a tone of ________.
A. dignityB. sadnessC. disappointmentD. confusion
3.How will the author’s son most probably feel after he reads this essay?
A. Sympathetic.B. Regretful.C. Angry.D. Relieved.
4.The best title for the passage would be ________.
A. The Disadvantages of Growing Old
B. If Only I could be getting better
C. The Elderly: A Forgotten Generation
D. The Place That Changed My Life
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省高三模擬考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
—What’s wrong with my computer, Jack?
—Let me have a check. OK, it works now.
—You mean, nothing wrong with it, ________ ?
A. is thereB. isn’t thereC. is itD. isn’t it
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省南京市高三第三次模擬英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Who is the most powerful woman in the world? According to the US media, it's Janet Yellen, or at least she's about to be.
On Oct 9, 2013，US President Barack Obama nominated （提名）Yellen to serve as the next US Federal Reserve (the Fed, 美聯(lián)儲）chair. If confirmed by the Senate, Yellen will become the first woman to serve in the top spot.
Aged 67, silver-haired and tiny, Yellen is said to be the most qualified nominee ever. She chaired President Bill
Clinton's Council of Economic Advisers, taught at Harvard and Berkeley, and was president of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. She is currently the Fed's vice chair.
Many think Yellen is the right choice to deal with the challenges the Fed now faces：First, to bring interest rates back to more normal levels without triggering a new recession（衰退）．Second, to reduce the US unemployment rate, which remains at historically high levels.
A CNN opinion piece says Yellen is unusual for an economist of her caliber（才干）．"She has kept her eyes on what's critical-the people. Her research has centered on unemployment, on the best way to modulate（調(diào)整）government policies to benefit the people."
Past records also show that Yellen is exceptionally good at predicting where the economy is headed. An article in The Washington Post points out that she was one of the few voices at the Fed inDecember 2009 warning about the subprime crisis（次貸危機）and the following recession.
The reason why Yellen will be the most powerful woman in the world has to do with the unique position of the Federal Reserve, explains an article on Quartz, a US news outlet for business people in the new global economy,
First of all, the Fed is independent. Unlike US Secretaries of State Madeleine Albright and Hilary Clinton, the decisions made by the organization Yellen will lead next year are not subject to approval by anyone in the government.
Within the Fed, the chair alone sets the agenda. The Fed chairperson has huge influence on monetary policy（貨幣政策）and financial regulation. And don't forget how powerful the Fed itself is. It controls the money supply in the world's largest economy. The Fed's interest rate decisions don't just set the course for the US economy, its decisions set the course for the world economy, too.
Because of globalization, Yellen's decisions will affect everyone around the world, says an article in The Atlantic, making her even more powerful than some great women rulers in history, including Elizabeth I of England and China's Wu Zetian. For example, the article continues: "If Yellen even just talks about slowing down the Fed's bond-buying, Europe's troubled economies are likely to see their interest rates rise, and emerging markets, some of which, like India and Indonesia, used foreign capital to fund their current account deficits（赤字），are likely to see their currencies collapse."
1.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the reason for Yellen's nomination?
A.Yellen's professional experiences．
B．Yellen's ability to deal with the challenges the Fed faces.
C.Yellen's educational background.
D．Yellen's remarkable competence as an economist.
2.Janet Yelien will be the most powerful woman in the world because＿·
A．the Fed is the most powerful organization in the US
B．Yellen gets full support from Obama
C. Yellen holds a unique position in the government
D. the Fed possesses great power and influence
3.What is the author's attitude towards Yellen's being nominated?
A. Optimistic. B. Negative.
C. Understanding. D. Doubtful.
4.What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?
A．To introduce the US Federal Reserve.
B．To report on the next Fed chair.
C. To introduce the current world economy.
D. To report on a few powerful women.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省南京市高三第三次模擬英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
It is imagination－＿＿＿it dreams, if you wish-that promotes the mind for healthy growth．
A. called B. calling
C. to call D. call
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省南京市高三第三次模擬英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
When you run so fast to get＿＿，you miss the fun of getting there. Life is not a race, so take it slower.
A. anywhere B. everywhere
C. nowhere D. somewhere
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省南京市鹽城市高三第二次模擬（淮安三模）英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
-I'd like Johnson to take the job.
-He is____ . Better not add to his workload.
A. out of place B. out of order C. out of shape D. out of question
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年廣西桂林十八中高三第十次月考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
With another ten miles ______, we must speed up so that we can get there before dark.
A. goes B. going
C. to go D. gone
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