【題目】People aren’t walking any more—if they can figure out a way to avoid it.

I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel. The journey is a matter of 281 steps. But I used the car. And I wasn’t in any hurry, either, I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness: motorosis.

It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune（免疫的）, for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs. At that time, we regarded 25 miles as good day’s walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as sign of strength and skill. It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship. And the effect was lasting. When I was 45 years old I raced—and beat—a teenage football player the 168 steps up the Stature of Liberty.

Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle-aged persons as bad for the heart. But a well-known British physician, Sir Adolphe Abrhams, pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper exercises. A person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly. And walking is an ideal form of exercise—the most familiar and natural of all.

It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot. The man walking can learn the trees, flower, insects, birds and animals, the significance of seasons, the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world, He cannot learn in a car.

The car is a convenient means of transport, but we have made it our way of life. Many people don’t dare to approach Nature any more; to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat.To them security isa steel river thundering on a concrete road. And much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.

I say that the green of forests is the mind’s best light. And none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting.

【1】What is the national sickness?

A. Walking too much.

B. Travelling too much.

C. Driving cars too much.

D. Climbing stairs too much.

【2】What was life like when the author was young?

A. People usually went around on foot.

B. People often walked 25 miles a day.

C. People used to climb the Statue of Liberty.

D. People considered a ten-hour walk as a hardship.

【3】The author mentions Henry Thoreau to prove that _____.

A. middle-aged people like getting back to nature

B. walking in nature helps enrich one’s mind

C. people need regular exercise to keep fit

D. going on foot prevents heart disease

【4】What's the author's intention of writing this passage?

A. To tell people to reflect more on life.

B. To recommend people to give up driving.

C. To advice people to do outdoor activities.

D. To encourage people to return to walking.

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】B

【4】A

【解析】試題分析：文章主要從作者自身的角度來(lái)呼吁人們更多地用步行來(lái)代替汽車(chē)等交通工具，鼓勵(lì)人們回歸大自然，減少汽車(chē)等的使用。

【1】C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“The journey is a matter of 281 steps. But I used the car. And I wasn’t in any hurry, either.”可知，只有281步的距離，作者卻習(xí)慣性地開(kāi)車(chē)前往，作者認(rèn)為自己也成了motorosis的一名受害者。A步行過(guò)度；B旅行過(guò)度；C開(kāi)車(chē)過(guò)度；D爬樓過(guò)度。故選C。

【2】A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“At that time, we regarded 25 miles as good day’s walk...”可知，年輕時(shí)候，作者認(rèn)為步行25里是很有好處的，但沒(méi)有提到每天步行25里，排除B；C項(xiàng)未提及；根據(jù)“It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship.”可知，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，故選A。

【3】B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“The man walking can learn the trees, flower, insects, birds and animals, the significance of seasons, the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world.”可知，步行的時(shí)候，可以了解樹(shù)木、花草、昆蟲(chóng)、鳥(niǎo)兒、動(dòng)物等，從而豐富自己的內(nèi)心世界，故選B。

【4】D寫(xiě)作意圖題。作者剛開(kāi)始就提到，如果人們能夠避免步行，那么他們就會(huì)樂(lè)意為之。然而，現(xiàn)代生活中，人們過(guò)于依賴(lài)汽車(chē)等交通工具，從而導(dǎo)致人們與大自然的距離越來(lái)越疏遠(yuǎn)。作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的意圖就是希望人們能夠找回步行的習(xí)慣，親近大自然。故選D。

【名師點(diǎn)撥】

作者態(tài)度及寫(xiě)作意圖推斷

每一篇文章都會(huì)包含作者的某種觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度，只不過(guò)有的直截了當(dāng)，有的含而不露，有的通過(guò)所用詞語(yǔ)的褒貶來(lái)體現(xiàn)。此類(lèi)題可細(xì)分為作者態(tài)度題(表明作者的好惡)和作者觀點(diǎn)題(表明作者對(duì)某事物的看法)。準(zhǔn)確把握作者的情感和態(tài)度，需要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1.作者對(duì)某一事物的看法,要么支持,要么反對(duì),帶中立色彩的詞最不可能是正確答案。

2.漠不關(guān)心類(lèi)詞語(yǔ)往往不對(duì),既然寫(xiě)文章就不會(huì)不關(guān)心。

3.不要把自己的態(tài)度揉入其中,也要區(qū)分作者的態(tài)度和作者引用的別人的態(tài)度。

4.當(dāng)作者的態(tài)度沒(méi)有明確提出時(shí),要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)作者使用詞語(yǔ)的褒貶性來(lái)判斷。

5.作者的觀點(diǎn)一般與文章的主旨相關(guān)聯(lián)。

6.絕對(duì)化或語(yǔ)氣過(guò)于強(qiáng)烈的選項(xiàng)常常是錯(cuò)誤的,如:strong, complete, entire等。

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