What exactly is intelligence? There aren’t any easy answers．Despite the progress that has been made in genetics and psychology, human intelligence has remained one of the most controversial areas of modern science，until now, that is, for the discovery of a gene linked to intelligence has made the experts think again．

Robert Plomin of the Institute of Psychiatry in London and his colleagues in the US have been looking into genetic make-up．From their research, they have discovered that a slightly different gene is more common in those with a high IQ．Plomin analyzed DNA from two groups of 51 children aged between 6 and 15．What he found was that the first group had an IQ of 136, putting them in the top 5% of the population, while the other group had an average IQ of 103．An analysis of their genes showed that 32% of children in the higher group had the gene in question, while only 16% in the second group did．However, there is a lot more research to be done, and Plomin himself is cautious at this early stage．He suggests that there are probably many genes that contribute to intelligence, rather than just one. Several studies have shown a strong link between IQ and career success, although some psychologists remain unconvinced about this．Professor Michael Rowe, who has written a book called Genius Explained, is one of these．“The people with the highest IQs are not usually the ones who do best in their careers．”

Many psychologists now believe that when it comes to intelligence, IQ isn’t everything．Many alternative views have been put forward recently．One example is the idea of multiple intelligences, which was developed in the 1980s by Harvard psychologist Howard Gardner．This offers a much broader view than the IQ theory, including creativity and communication skills as relevant factors in intelligence．

Tony Buzan, brain expert and author of Master your Memory, is enthusiastic about this belief, arguing that true geniuses do indeed appear to combine high levels of each type of intelligence．He lists Alexander the Great, Pablo Picasso and Albert Einstein as examples．At the same time, Buzan believes that everyone can develop their intelligence, only if they take the trouble to exercise their brain．Perhaps there’s hope for us all!

1.What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The development of intelligence

B．The idea of multiple intelligences

C．IQ isn’t everything for intelligence

D．Alternative views have been put forward

2.Why does the author use data in Paragraph 2?

A．To make a suggestion．       B．To draw a conclusion

C．To prove an idea．               D．To give an example

3.What can we learn from the passage?

A．Robert Plomin confirms genes have something in common

B．Howard Gardner thinks intelligence includes various factors

C．Michael Rowe approves of a strong link between IQ and career

D．Tony Buzan agrees geniuses exercise brain to improve intelligence

4.What might be the best title of the passage?

A．The relationship between genes and intelligence

B．IQ benefits a lot from high intelligence

C．How to develop intelligence．

D．What makes intelligence.

 

【答案】

 

1.B

2.C

3.B

4.D

【解析】

試題分析：文章介紹了什么是智力？盡管這方面在遺傳和心理方面取得了很大的進步，但這一話題仍是現(xiàn)代科學最有爭議的話題之一，基因的組成被發(fā)現(xiàn)以后，遺傳對智力的影響成了科學上研究的一個重要方面。同時也說明了智力并不只是受一個方面的影響，因此下文中又出現(xiàn)了多元智力。

1.B細節(jié)理解。One example is the idea of multiple intelligences, which was developed in the 1980s by Harvard psychologist Howard Gardner．This offers a much broader view than the IQ theory,句意為：其中的一個例子就是多元智力，它是在二十世紀八十年代由哈佛心理學家Howard Gardner發(fā)起的，這就提供了比智商理論更為廣闊的觀點。所以答案應是多元智力，故為B。

2.C細節(jié)理解題。From their research, they have discovered that a slightly different gene is more common in those with a high IQ．從他們的研究中，他們已經發(fā)現(xiàn)，在高智商的這些人中，他們的基因都有稍微的不同這點是相同的。．An analysis of their genes showed that 32% of children in the higher group had the gene in question,分析顯示，在高智商的小孩兒中有百分之三十二都有思考問題的基因。所以下文他們用的數(shù)據(jù)是為了來證明這一觀點。故答案應為C。

3.B細節(jié)理解題。Many psychologists now believe that when it comes to intelligence, IQ isn’t everything．Many alternative views have been put forward recently．One example is the idea of multiple intelligences, which was developed in the 1980s by Harvard psychologist Howard Gardner．許多心理學家認為，當談到智力的時候，智商并不代表一切，許多新的觀點已經被提出，其中包括多元智力說。由此可知Howard Gardner認為，智力包括多個因素是正確的。故答案為B

4.D綜合理解題。由文章的第一自然段What exactly is intelligence?開篇，下文均是圍繞這一問題展開，由此可知答案為D。

考點: 科普類文章的閱讀。

 

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