【題目】A lot of people are interested in sea animals, especially the ones that are beautiful and smart. Although some are wild, and can be deadly, each is also unique in its own way. Whales, sharks and dolphins are the main subjects of sea-animal research, with dolphins standing out from whales and sharks for their friendly behavior with humans. No doubt the desire to learn some interesting things about dolphins has led you to this article, and you too are eager to know more about these sea creatures.

It is sometimes believed that Dolphins have been evolved from land mammals. Among sea mammals, dolphins are the most advanced in intelligence. You may be surprised to learn that they are close relatives of camels and cows. The debate on the origin of the dolphin is an unending one, however. Some believe that they evolved from land-based hoofed (有蹄的) mammals, others believe thattheyevolved from other different kinds of mammals many millions of years ago. There are about 32 types of dolphins that live in salt water, each unique in its color and body shape. Five other types live in fresh water.

A grown-up dolphin eats nearly 20 to 22 kilos of fish every day. The eating habits of dolphins depend on where they live, and on the season. Seasons in which fish are abundant are like party time for dolphins. Dolphins decide how much they are going to eat based on the fat content of the fish available. They’ve a good sense of understanding about their hunger.

The social skills and intelligence of dolphins make them very attractive for zoos and aquariums, where they are often trained to show off their diving skills. Dolphins also communicate with each other by special sounds.

【1】Scientists like to research dolphins mainly because _______.

A. they are friendly to humans B. they have good diving skills

C. they have unique bodies D. they are beautiful and clever

【2】The underlined word "they" in the second paragraph refers to _________?

A. Camels and cows. B. Dolphins.

C. The relatives of dolphins. D. Hoofed mammals.

【3】We can know for sure from the second paragraph that dolphins ___.

A. evolved from land animals B. are the most advanced animals in the world

C. have a close connection with camels D. live only in salt water

【4】Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ___________?

A. How dolphins know they are hungry. B. How much dolphins eat daily.

C. What dolphins like to eat. D. The eating habits of dolphins.

【答案】B選項(xiàng)Dolphins.

【解析】試題分析：文章主要討論海洋動物——海豚。講述了海豚的進(jìn)化，飲食習(xí)慣以及海豚的社交技能和智慧。

【1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whales, sharks and dolphins are the main subjects of sea-animal research, with dolphins standing out from whales and sharks for their friendly behavior with humans.”可知，海豚因?yàn)槠洳煌谄渌Ｑ髣游锏膶θ藗兊挠押眯袨�，而成為海洋研究的主要話題。故選A。

【2】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文The debate on the origin of the dolphin is an unending one, however.可知，對于海豚的起源的辯論一直是一個沒完沒了的話題，下文講述一些人認(rèn)為他們是從有蹄的哺乳動物的進(jìn)化來的，其他人認(rèn)為它是數(shù)百萬前從其它的哺乳動物進(jìn)化來的。因此推斷they指海豚。故選B。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段You may be surprised to learn that they are close relatives of camels and cows.可知，海豚與駱駝有密切聯(lián)系。故選C。

【4】段落大意題。通讀第三段可知，成年海豚每天吃差不多20到22公斤魚，海豚的飲食習(xí)慣取決于他們生活在哪里以及季節(jié)，海豚根據(jù)可食用的魚的脂肪含量來決定它們要吃多少，他們對饑餓有很好的感覺。因此推斷本段主要講述海豚的飲食習(xí)慣。故選D。

高考中詞義推斷可以是一個單詞的意義推斷，也可以是一個短語或句子的意義推斷，既可以是生詞意義，也可以是熟詞新意；還可以是對替代詞所替代內(nèi)容的判斷。在閱讀理解題中，所考查的詞或短語的意義往往不停留在字面上，要根據(jù)短文提供的語境，通過閱讀上下文，根據(jù)已知的信息或常識來推測尚不熟悉的詞或詞組的含義。例如小題2：

【解題剖析】此題屬于猜測詞義。答案需要看前面的內(nèi)容推斷畫線詞。

【答案定位】根據(jù)上文The debate on the origin of the dolphin is an unending one, however.可知，對于海豚的起源的辯論一直是一個沒完沒了的話題，因此推斷下文講述一些人認(rèn)為他們是從有蹄的哺乳動物的進(jìn)化來的，其他人認(rèn)為它是數(shù)百萬前從其它的哺乳動物進(jìn)化來的。因此推斷they指海豚。

【推理關(guān)系】題干The underlined word "they" in the second paragraph refers to _________?文章內(nèi)容Some believe that they evolved from land-based hoofed (有蹄的) mammals, others believe thattheyevolved from other different kinds of mammals many millions of years ago.

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