Question

18．Do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too？Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself？Well，apparently it's because we have mirror neurons （神經(jīng)元）in our brains．
       Put simply，the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something，our brains imitate （模仿）it，whether or not we actually perform the same action．This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile，talk，walk，dance or play sports．But the idea goes further：mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions，they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people．
       Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains，but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages，and to understand how other people feel．Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language．A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to （for example："The hand took hold of the ball"），the same mirror neurons were triggeredas when the action was actually performed （in this example，actually taking hold of a ball）．
       Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior．Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning．However，it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders．
       Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with even more information concerning how humans behave and interact （互動(dòng)）．Indeed，it may turn out to be the equivalent （相等物）for neuroscience of what Einstein's theory of relativity was for physics．And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does-well，perhaps you'll understand why．
72．Mirror neurons can explainC．
A．why we cry when we are hurt                  
B．why we cough when we suffer from a cold
C．why we smile when we see someone else smile 
D．why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late
73．The underlined word"triggered"in the third paragraph probably means"A"．
A．set off         B．cut off          C．built up             D．broken up
74．We can learn from the passage that mirror neuronsA．
A．relate to human behavior and interaction      
B．control human physical actions and feelings
C．result in bad behavior and social disorders           
D．determine our knowledge and language abilities
75．What is the passage mainly about？D
A．Ways to find mirror neurons．
B．Problems of mirror neurons．
C．Existence of mirror neurons．
D．Functions of mirror neurons．

Answer 1

分析 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，你知道別人打呵欠你也跟著打呵欠，在眾多正在大笑的人群中而你很難不笑嗎？這是你的神經(jīng)元起作用，本文主要講述神經(jīng)元對(duì)于人類(lèi)的行為和人類(lèi)互動(dòng)的作用．

解答 CAAD
72．C    細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段第一句話(huà)"the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something，our brains imitate （模仿）it，whether or not we actually perform the same action．"可知，神經(jīng)元的存在表明每次我們看到別人做什么事時(shí)，我們的大腦會(huì)模仿（別人的動(dòng)作），這解釋了為什么我們看到別人笑，我們自己也會(huì)笑．故選C．
73．A    詞義猜測(cè)題．根據(jù)下文的"perform"和本句的含義可知，調(diào)查者們發(fā)現(xiàn)如果他們讓人們聽(tīng)一些句子（比如：用手拿住球），那這方面的神經(jīng)元就會(huì)讓我們做出這樣的動(dòng)作（比如用手拿住球）/發(fā)出讓我們做出這樣的動(dòng)作的指令，因此劃線(xiàn)處單詞意為"發(fā)出，引發(fā)，觸發(fā)"與"set off  引起"同義，故選A．
74．A    推理判斷題．根據(jù)最后一段第一句"Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information concerning how humans behave and interact （互動(dòng)）"可知，對(duì)于神經(jīng)元的研究為我們提供了很多關(guān)于人類(lèi)互動(dòng)行為的資料，故選A．
75．D    主旨大意題．根據(jù)第一段的疑問(wèn)句"Do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too？"引出神經(jīng)元這個(gè)概念和下文解釋‘神經(jīng)元對(duì)于人類(lèi)行為和互動(dòng)會(huì)提供更多的信息'可知，本文主要告訴我們mirror neurons的作用，D項(xiàng)能概括文章大意．

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