Why doesn’t the unemployment rate ever reach zero? Economists, who generally believe that supply tends to meet demand, have long thought about this question. Even in good times, i.e. not now, there are people who can’t find work. And even in bad times, i.e. now, there are job openings. With over 14 million people out of work and looking for a job, you would think every available job would be filled. But that’s not the case. Not now and not ever.
On Monday, the Nobel Prize committee awarded the prize for economics to the three scholars who have done the most to explain this phenomenon. Two of the winners are Americans, Peter Diamond of MIT and Dale Mortensen of Northwestern. The third winner is Christopher Pissarides, who teaches at the London School of Economics and was born on Cyprus.
Like most of economics, what they have found about why the jobless and ready-employers don’t find each other seems obvious. You have to find out there is job opening you are interested in. Employers need to get resumes （簡歷）. It takes a while for both employers and employees to make the decision that this is what they want. And these guys came up with a frame-work to study the problem of why people stay unemployed longer than they should and what can be done about it.
So what would today’s Nobel Prize winners do to solve the current problem of the unemployed? And does the awarding of the prize contribute to the politicians’ lowering joblessness?
Speaking from his north London home, Pissarides told The Associated Press the announcement came as “a complete surprise” though his work had already helped shape thinking on both sides of the Atlantic.
For example, the New Deal for Young People, a British government policy aimed at getting 18-24-year-olds back on the job market after long periods of unemployment, “is very much based on our work,” he said.
“One of the key things we found is that it is important to make sure that people do not stay unemployed too long so they don’t lose their feel for the labor force,” Pissarides told reporters in London. “The ways of dealing with this need not be expensive training – it could be as simple as providing work experience.”
According to the writer, which is true about finding jobs?
A. It is always difficult to find a job.
B. Everyone can find a job in good times.
C. Contrary to popular belief, it is easier to find a job in bad times.
D. It is possible to find a job even in times as bad as now.
What is it that leads to their winning the prize?
A. They have found the reason for unemployment.
B. They have put forward a set of ideas to deal with unemployment.
C. They have found out why people don’t want to be employed.
D. They have long studied the problem of unemployment.
Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Pissarides thinks his work surprising.
B. The work of Pissarides has influenced many economists.
C. Some of the winners’ ideas have been put into practice.
D. It is probable that unemployed young people in Britain benefit from Pissarides’ work.
According to Pissarides, _________ is effective in dealing with unemployment.
A. spending large sums of money on training
B. teaching some knowledge of economics
C. providing work experience
D. keeping people unemployed for some time
科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Matt grows the best vegetables in the village. He grows fruit too – big, sweet apples and oranges. And what else? Well, the biggest and the prettiest flowers.
Things grow in Matt’s garden all through the year. He cuts some flowers for his sitting room table; and of course , he eats some fruit and vegetables. But he sells everything else in the market. Matt is not a poor man.
He knows a few other gardens; but he does not have any friends. You might ask, “What is that?” Why doesn’t he have friends. I will tell you. People do not understand him. And they do not understand his garden. “Why not?” You will ask. “It is a very good garden, isn’t it?” It is a wonderful garden. Matt plants things in spring, summer, autumn and winter. After that he does very little work. He sits in the garden with his small radio. And everything grows.
People ask, “How does Matt grow these wonderful things? He waters the plants sometimes, but he doesn’t do anything else. He just sits under an orange tree with his radio. He listens to music nearly all day!” and that is all quite true. People cannot understand it, and so they don’t like it very much.
Matt likes music. But what about the garden? Who does the work? I will tell you another true thing: the music does the work. All plants love music; and Matt knows that.
Do you want big vegetables and the loveliest flowers? Well, just give your plants a lot of music.
There are not only vegetables and flowers, but also ________ in Matt’s garden.
A. plants B. fruit trees C. ants D. crops
Matt makes a living by ___________
A. selling his vegetables, fruit and flowers B. growing trees in his garden
C. working in the market D. helping other people growing plants
Everything in Matt’s garden grows well because ______
A. he has a good garden
B. he is good at growing things and likes listening to the radio
C. music helps his plants a lot
D. he is very hardworking
People don’t like Matt because ____________
A. he doesn’t give them any vegetables or fruit B. he listens to the radio too much
C. they don’t understand him D. Matt doesn’t let them listen to his radio
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科目：高中英語 來源：2011屆寧夏銀川二中高三上學期第三次月考英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
The cars were honking （鳴叫） on the road one morning as I was walking to the park．I walked on and soon found the cause — a little taxi that had got stuck in the middle of the road．There was sweat on the driver's face as he tried to start the engine again and again — nothing happened．"No petrol,"
I said to myself and then found myself getting angry．"Why doesn't the fool move his taxi to the side?" I thought, so did all the others who honked and shouted．
He got up tiredly, and the passenger in the taxi got out．He was a young man in a white shirt, who watched the driver try to push it to the side．"Stupid guy!" I said．"Can't he lend a helping hand? "
I watched as the poor driver pushed it to the side．Cars, buses and trucks went past cursing （咒罵） the poor man．The young man took another taxi and went off．
The taxi driver began mending his taxi．"Stupid passenger!" I said to him．"He didn't help you!" The taxi driver slowly got up．"Sir!" he asked, "Did you?" I looked at him guiltily, then looked away, and walked away fast, asking myself, "Did I help the poor man push his taxi?"
What had I been doing as the traffic jam took place? How had I helped deal with the problem? Did I help the poor man push his taxi? I’d done my bit, with my mouth．But never had I moved to solve the problem．I was shocked with guilt as I heard him asking, "Sir! Did you?"
【小題1】Why did a traffic jam happen on the road when the author was walking to the park?
| A．There was too much traffic in the street． |
| B．Truck drivers attempted to go ahead of others． |
| C．A taxi driver couldn't start his engine． |
| D．A young man wasn't good at driving． |
| A．anger | B．respect | C．sympathy | D．guilt |
| A．Because he blamed the driver wrongly． |
| B．Because he didn't help the driver, either． |
| C．Because he tried to help but failed in the end． |
| D．Because he didn't persuade the passenger to help． |
| A．criticize those who don't help |
| B．hurt the self-respect of others no more |
| C．think more of those who are in need |
| D．stop talking and start to help |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年遼寧省沈陽二中高二12月月考英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
“I don’t believe in Santa Claus!” Trogmire announced.
Tremor looked shocked. “Why not?” he asked.
“Because he never leaves me any gifts at all,” Trogmire growled.
Tremor thought about the evidence for a few seconds. “Maybe,” he suggested, “it’s because when Santa checked his list, your name wasn’t in the ‘nice’ column.”
“So, he could at least bring me a lump of coal!” Trogmire replied. “And,” he went on, “Troubled doesn’t believe in Santa, either.”
“Right,” Tremor said, “because he saw his parents putting the ‘From Santa’ presents under the tree. But I know the truth about that. My mother found out from Troubled’s mother. When Troubled’s parents got an e-mail from Santa, saying that he would never bring Troubled another gift, they didn’t want to tell him the truth. So now they buy presents and pretend they’re from Santa.”
“What did Troubled do to get Santa so mad?” Trogmire questioned.
“I think it had something to do with the time he put glue paper all over the living room floor on Christmas Eve, and left a sign that said, ‘Trapped like a rat!’ hanging over the fireplace.” said Tremor.
“I guess Santa doesn’t have a sense of humour,” sighed Trogmire. “Well, at least I’m not the only one who Santa scratched off his name list.”
【小題1】Why doesn’t Santa leave presents for Trogmire or Troubled?
| A．Their parents won’t let him leave gifts. | B．He can’t find their homes. |
| C．He often forgets their names. | D．They have behaved badly. |
| A．Santa has no sense of humor | B．Santa doesn’t give them anything |
| C．they are too naughty to believe | D．Tremor convinced them he wasn’t real |
| A．told him about the message from Santa | B．loved him very much |
| C．cared about how he behaved | D．bought him anything |
| A．Misery(苦難,不幸) loves company | B．Easy come, easy go |
| C．Beauty is only skin deep | D．Love me, love my dog |
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科目：高中英語 來源：河北省2009-2010學年度高一下學期期中考試英語試題 題型：閱讀理解
At Harton College-an English boarding school（寄宿制學校）for boys-there are many rules.Fifteen-year-old Bob Sanders often breaks them.
The boys can go into the town in the afternoon after class. But they must return to the school at six o’clock. One afternoon Bob walked to the town. He looked at the shops and then went to the cinema. After the film, he looked at his watch. It was after eight o’clock. He was a little worried . He walked back to Harton College as fast as possible.
When he arrived, he ran quickly to the main entrance（主要入口）.It was locked. He went round the school buiding to another door. That one was locked too. He looked up at the window of his dormitory（宿舍）.It was on the third floor. The window was open. But it was quite dark and he could not climb up the wall easily. Then he saw another open window on the ground floor. It was the window of the headmaster’s study（書房）.
He looked into the room-no one was there. Bob quickly climbed on to the window and jumped into the room. Just then he heard a noise. Then someone turned on a light in the corridor（走郎）.Bob looked around and then hid under the sofa. One minute later, Mr Mannering the headmaster, came in. He turned on the light on his desk, and sat down on the sofa（沙發(fā)）.Then he opened a book and began to read.
Bob lay under the sofa as quietly as possible. He couldn’t move. The floor was cold and uncomfortable. He looked at the headmaster’s shoes and socks for an hour.
“Why doesn’t he get up and go to bed?”Bob thought.
Mr. Mannering read his book for another hour.Finally, the headmaster closed his book and stood up. He put the book on a shelf and walked towards the door.
“Thank God he didn’t find me under the sofa,”thought Bob.
Then Mr. Mannering stopped and spoke towards the sofa.
“Would you turn off the light when you leave?”
He said, and left the study.
57．Bob returned to the school more than two hours late because_______.
A．he enjoyed himself too much B．he did not catch the bus
C．he hated the rules D．he ran into an old friend
58．The main entrance was_______.
A．too high B．open C．shut D．slightly open
59．Bob didn’t go to his dormitory because_______.
A．the gate was locked B．the window was shut
C．it was quite dark D．the wall was too high for him to climb up
60．Bob actually went into the headmaster’s_______.
A．dormitory B．private（私人的）office
C．kitchen D．bedroom
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012屆云南省芒市秋季學期高二期末英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
Matt grows the best vegetables in the village. He grows fruit too – big, sweet apples and oranges. And what else? Well, the biggest and the prettiest flowers.
Things grow in Matt’s garden all through the year. He cuts some flowers for his sitting room table; and of course , he eats some fruit and vegetables. But he sells everything else in the market. Matt is not a poor man.
He knows a few other gardens; but he does not have any friends. You might ask, “What is that?” Why doesn’t he have friends. I will tell you. People do not understand him. And they do not understand his garden. “Why not?” You will ask. “It is a very good garden, isn’t it?” It is a wonderful garden. Matt plants things in spring, summer, autumn and winter. After that he does very little work. He sits in the garden with his small radio. And everything grows.
People ask, “How does Matt grow these wonderful things? He waters the plants sometimes, but he doesn’t do anything else. He just sits under an orange tree with his radio. He listens to music nearly all day!” and that is all quite true. People cannot understand it, and so they don’t like it very much.
Matt likes music. But what about the garden? Who does the work? I will tell you another true thing: the music does the work. All plants love music; and Matt knows that.
Do you want big vegetables and the loveliest flowers? Well, just give your plants a lot of music.
1.There are not only vegetables and flowers, but also ________ in Matt’s garden.
|
A．plants |
B．fruit trees |
C．ants |
D．crops |
2.Matt makes a living by ___________
|
A．selling his vegetables, fruit and flowers |
B．growing trees in his garden |
|
C．working in the market |
D．helping other people growing plants |
3. Everything in Matt’s garden grows well because ______
|
A．he has a good garden |
|
B．he is good at growing things and likes listening to the radio |
|
C．music helps his plants a lot |
|
D．he is very hardworking |
4.People don’t like Matt because ____________
|
A．he doesn’t give them any vegetables or fruit |
B．he listens to the radio too much |
|
C．they don’t understand him |
D．Matt doesn’t let them listen to his radio |
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