16.第一節(jié):短文改錯(cuò)
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的一下作文. 文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處.錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改.
增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞.
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉.
修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.
注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分.
One day a rich man took his son on a trip to the country in order to show his son if the poor lived,so he could be thankful to his wealth.They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of that would be considered a very poor family.On their return back,the father asked his son to explain what he had learnt.The boy,who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home,replying in a way that shocked his father.
The boy said he wanted to become farmer.He envied the farmers who had the beautiful night star to give them light while her family had only expensive lanterns.His wish was to have a farm where he could go swimming in an endless river instead of the garden pool in their home.Finally the boy finished by saying,rich."Before the trip I thought we were rich but today I have learnt who is true rich."
With this,the boy got up and walked away,leaving his father sat on their comfortable sofa,totally speechless.

分析 一天,一位富人為了讓兒子對(duì)他的財(cái)富充滿"感激",便帶著兒子來到鄉(xiāng)村去體驗(yàn)農(nóng)民的生活,沒想到結(jié)果卻令富人"無語",因?yàn)樗膬鹤酉氘?dāng)農(nóng)民.

解答 One day a rich man took his son on a trip to the country in order to show his son if the poor lived,
so he could be thankful to his wealth.They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of that 
would be considered a very poor family.On their return back,the father asked his son to explain 
what he had learnt.The boy,who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home,
replying in a way that shocked his father.
The boy said he wanted to become∧farmer.He envied the farmers who had the beautiful night star 
to give them light while her family had only expensive lanterns.His wish was to have a farm where
 he could go swimming in an endless river instead of the garden pool in their home.Finally the boy 
finished by saying,"Before the trip I thought we were rich but today I have learnt who is true rich."
With this,the boy got up and walked away,leaving his father sat on their comfortable sofa,totally 
speechless.
詳解:
1.if 改為how   考查句意理解以及從屬連詞   本句的意思是:有一天,一位富人帶著他的兒子去鄉(xiāng)村旅行以便讓他的兒子看看窮人是如何生活的;此處用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句,意為:如何;故用how.
2.to改為for  考查固定短語    be thankful to后面跟人,表示感謝某人;be thankful for后面跟事物,表示對(duì)某事物表示感謝;由于此處之后接的是wealth(財(cái)富);故用for.
3.that改為what    考查連接代詞   此處用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句,由于該從句中缺少主語,故用連接代詞what.
4.去掉back   考查return的含義     由于return"返回"相當(dāng)于"go back/get back/come back",即它本身就含有back的意思,其后不能再跟back;故去掉return之后的back.
5.replying改為replied   考查謂語動(dòng)詞     此處在句中作謂語,根據(jù)上文可知,此處講述的是發(fā)生在過去某一天的事情,應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí);故用replied.
6.farmer前加a   考查不定冠詞    此處用來修飾單數(shù)名詞farmer,表示泛指一位農(nóng)民,故在farmer前加a.
7.star改為stars   考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)    此處指的是:許多美麗的夜星;由于star為可數(shù)名詞;故用stars.
8.her改為his   考查人稱代詞   此處用來修飾名詞family,指代的是男孩的家;故用his.
9.true改為truly   考查副詞   此處用來修飾形容詞rich,故用truly.
10.sat改為sitting   考查固定搭配   leave sb doing 指讓某人保持某動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),留下某人…;此處指的是:男孩站起來走開了,留下了他的父親坐在他們舒適的沙發(fā)上,完全說不出話來;故用sitting.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 短文改錯(cuò)是集語法知識(shí)與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題,主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力.錯(cuò)誤類型一般有:缺詞、多詞和錯(cuò)詞.常見的錯(cuò)誤有:1 詞法錯(cuò)誤,主要包括動(dòng)詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此類試題時(shí),需要正確分析句子成分,熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常見句法錯(cuò)誤.通常表現(xiàn)為簡(jiǎn)單句、復(fù)合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句等錯(cuò)誤.解答此類試題時(shí),需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法.3 應(yīng)在理解文章大意的前提下,進(jìn)行作答.

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