Smoggy weather has become common in China. But these days, air pollution levels in the north eastern city of Harbin surpassed the previous record levels.

The city was essentially shut down after PM2. 5, fine Particulate(微粒物) pollution that is considered hazardous(有害的) . reached levels of 1000 micrograms per cubic meter-40 times the safety level remended by the World Health Organization. Schools, motorways and an airport were closed on Tuesday as visibility in some areas of the city dropped to less than 10 meters.

Photos from Harbin showed residents covering their mouths with masks and scarves, and moving like ghostly shadows through the fog. Cars and motorcycles are moving slowly as traffic came to a standstill with traffic lights barely visible. .

Just days previously , the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified air pollution as a carcinogen(致癌物) . It stated that there is " sufficient evidence" that exposure to outdoor air pollution causes lung cancer and also linked it with an increased risk of bladder cancer. It's said that exposure has increased significantly particularly in " rapidly industrial countries with large populations".

"The air we breathe has become polluted with a mixture of cancer-causing substances" , Dr Kurt Straif , head of the IARC said in a press released. "We now know that outdoor air pollution is not only a major risk to health in general, but also a leading environmental cause of cancer deaths. "

On the Chinese social media site Weibo , many users complained about the pollution and shared their concerns. References to "feed people with smog "have become popular on Weibo and there is a sarcastic play on the expression "serve the people" , as the two have a similar pronunciation.

"The impact of air pollution on people will be gradual. There won't be a sudden outbreak of symptoms, but normally three to five days after the smoggy weather occurs, there is a peak in the number of people seeing doctors, " Deng Ying, a doctor at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University was quoted as saying.

1. As thick smog has become a common scene in Harbin, ______

A. students there can go to school as usual

B. residents in the city can see as far as 20 meters

C. traffic lights can be easily visible

D. the urban traffic has been seriously influenced

2. When exposed to outdoor air pollution, what kind of disease can be caused?

A. Cancer of stomach B. Breast cancer C. Bladder cancer D. Ovarian cancer

3. According to Dr Kurt Straif , we can learn that_______.

A. the effect of the. smoggy weather is gradual

B. air pollution is the man environmental cause, of cancer deaths

C. exposure has greatly increased in countries with large populations

D. "feed people with smog" has bee a hot word

4. The purpose of this passage is to

A. awaken people's environmental awareness

B. warn people not to go out in smoggy weather

C. call for the public to wear their masks

D. advise people not to live in Harbin

 

1.D

2.C

3.B

4.A

【解析】在本文中詳細(xì)描述了哈爾濱PM2.5超標(biāo)，說明了空氣污染對于人類健康的影響，特別會導(dǎo)致一些諸如肺癌，膀胱癌的發(fā)生。目的在于提高人們對于環(huán)境保護(hù)的意識。

1.D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章2,3段中的Cars and motorcycles are moving slowly as traffic came to a standstill with traffic lights barely visible和Schools, motorways and an airport were closed on Tuesday as visibility in some areas of the city dropped to less than 10 meters可知由于PM2.5濃度太高，導(dǎo)致能見度降低，車輛無法迅速行駛，導(dǎo)致交通堵塞。故D正確。

2.2】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第4段It stated that there is " sufficient evidence" that exposure to outdoor air pollution causes lung cancer and also linked it with an increased risk of bladder cancer.可知接觸到被污染的空氣和肺癌以及膀胱癌有關(guān)。故C正確。

3.3】B

【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章第五段"The air we breathe has become polluted with a mixture of cancer-causing substances" , Dr Kurt Straif , head of the IARC said in a press released. "We now know that outdoor air pollution is not only a major risk to health in general, but also a leading environmental cause of cancer deaths. "可知Dr Kurt Straif認(rèn)為空氣污染不僅僅是健康的威脅而且也是一個主要導(dǎo)致癌癥死亡的原因。故B正確。

4.4】A

【試題解析】推理題。作者在本文中詳細(xì)描述了哈爾濱PM2.5超標(biāo)，說明了空氣污染對于人類健康的影響，特別會導(dǎo)致一些諸如肺癌，膀胱癌的發(fā)生。目的在于提高人們對于環(huán)境保護(hù)的意識。故A正確。

【長難句解析】

Photos from Harbin showed residents covering their mouths with masks and scarves, and moving like ghostly shadows through the fog.

【翻譯】來自哈爾濱的作品顯示當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裼每谡趾蛧砩w住他們的嘴，像魔鬼一樣穿過濃霧。

【分析】本句中含有一個賓語及賓語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu)，動詞show后面的賓語是residents，賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞cover與賓語residents構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，使用使用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動和正在進(jìn)行。

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