One day, Mr. Arnold was teaching a lesson, and things were going as normally as ever. He was explaining the story of mankind to his pupils. He told them that, in the beginning, men were nomads; they never stayed in the same place for very long. Instead, they would travel about, here and there, in search of food, wherever it was to be found. And when the food ran out, they would move off somewhere else.
He taught them about the invention of farming and keeping animals. This was an important discovery, because by learning to cultivate(耕作)the land, and care for animals, mankind would always have food steadily available. It also meant that people could remain living in one place, and this made it easier to set about tasks that would take a long while to complete, like building towns, cities, and all that were in them. All the children were listening attracted by this story, until Lucy jumped up:
“And if that was so important and improved everything so much, why are we nomads all over again, Mr. Arnold?”
Mr. Arnold didn’t know what to say. Lucy was a very intelligent girl. He knew that she lived with her parents in a house, so she must know that her family were not nomads; so what did she mean?
“We have all become nomads again,” continued Lucy, “The other day, outside the city, they were cutting the forest down. A while ago a fisherman told me how they fish. It’s the same with everyone: when there’s no more forest left the foresters go elsewhere, and when the fish run out the fishermen move on. That’s what the nomads did, isn’t it ?
The teacher nodded, thoughtfully. Really, Lucy was right Mankind had turned into nomads. Instead of looking after the land in a way that we could be sure it would keep supplying our needs, we kept developing it until the land was bare. And then off we would go to the next place! The class spent the rest of the afternoon talking about what they could do to show how to be more civilized.
The next day everyone attended class wearing a green T-shirt, with a message that said “I am not a nomad!”
And , from then on, they set about showing that indeed they were not. Every time they knew they needed something, they made sure that they would get it using care and control. If they needed wood or paper, they would make sure that they got the recycled kind. They ordered their fish from fish farms, making sure that the fish they received were not too young and too small. They only used animals that were well cared for, and brought up on farms.
And so, from their little town, those children managed to give up being nomads again, just as prehistoric men had done, so many thousands of years ago.
小題1:From Paragraph 2, we can know that______ .
A．people got tired of living in the same place
B．people gradually got used to living in cities
C．people tended to settle down after learning farming
D．people spent a long time in learning to keep animals
小題2:In the teacher’s opinion, Lucy’s argument was______
A．shockingB．ridiculousC．puzzlingD．reasonable
小題3:Which of the following agrees with the message “I am not a nomad” (Paragraph 7)?
A．People eat young fish for its delicious taste.
B．Foresters leave the place where wood is not available.
C．Fishermen move elsewhere when there is no fish left.
D．People use recycled materials as much as possible.
小題4:The writer tries to make us believe that ______.
A．mankind has been progressing mainly through traveling about
B．it’s unwise for mankind to use the land in an uncontrolled way
C．it’s quite good for students to learn more about the history of mankind
D．in the beginning men were nomads.

小題1:C
小題2:D
小題3:D
小題4:B

試題分析：本文通過講述游牧民族對資源的不充分利用，沒有過著綠環(huán)保的生活，告訴我們要用一種有控制力的方法來生活。要節(jié)約使用資源和能源。
小題1:C 推理題。根據(jù)本段前4行He taught them about the invention of farming and keeping animals. This was an important discovery, because by learning to cultivate(耕作)the land, and care for animals, mankind would always have food steadily available. It also meant that people could remain living in one place, and this made it easier to set about tasks that would take a long while to complete, like building towns, cities, and all that were in them.可知在用農(nóng)場以后，游牧民族已經(jīng)愿意定居下來了。故C正確。
小題2:D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段前2行Mr. Arnold didn’t know what to say. Lucy was a very intelligent girl. He knew that she lived with her parents in a house, so she must know that her family were not nomads;可知老師知道這個學(xué)生的想法是很正常的，也是很合理的。故D正確。
小題3:D 推理題。根據(jù)下一段And , from then on, they set about showing that indeed they were not. Every time they knew they needed something, they made sure that they would get it using care and control. If they needed wood or paper, they would make sure that they got the recycled kind.游牧民族的生活不綠色環(huán)保，那么現(xiàn)在這些學(xué)生的行為則是完全不一樣，非常環(huán)保。故D正確。
小題4:B 推理題。本文通過講述游牧民族對資源的不充分利用，沒有過著綠環(huán)保的生活，告訴我們要用一種有控制力的方法來生活。要節(jié)約使用資源和能源。故B正確。
點評：本文通過講述游牧民族對資源的不充分利用，沒有過著綠環(huán)保的生活，告訴我們要用一種有控制力的方法來生活。要節(jié)約使用資源和能源。測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

We like to think our intelligence is self-made; it happens inside our heads, the product of our inner thoughts alone. But the rise of Google, Wikipedia and other online tools has made many people question the impact of these technologies on our brains. Is typing in “Who has played James Bond in the movies?” the same as our knowledge about the names like Roger Moore, Timothy Dalton, Pierce Brosnan and Daniel Craig? Can we say we know the answer as long as we know how to rapidly get the information on Google?
Here the question is about how we define intelligence itself. The answer appears to be interesting, because the evidence from psychological studies suggests that much of our intelligence comes from how we coordinate ourselves with other people and our environment.
An influential theory among psychologists is that we're cognitive misers(認(rèn)知吝嗇者). This is the idea that we are unwilling to do mental work unless we have to. We try to avoid thinking things fully when a short cut is available. If you've ever voted for the presidential candidate(總統(tǒng)候選人) with the most honest smile, or chosen a restaurant based on how many people are already sitting in there, then you are a cognitive miser. The theory explains why we'd much rather type a zip code into Google Maps than memorize and recall the location of a place – it's so much easier to do so.
Research shows that people don't tend to rely on their memories for things they can easily access. Buildings can somehow disappear from pictures we're looking at, or the people we're talking to can be changed with someone else, and often we won't notice – a phenomenon called “change blindness”. This isn't an example of human stupidity – far from it, in fact – this is an example of mental efficiency. The mind relies on the world as a better record than memory.
Philosophers have suggested that thinking is really happening in the environment as much as it is happening in our brains. The philosopher Andy Clark called humans "natural born cyborgs(電子人)", those naturally capable of absorbing and combining new tools, ideas and abilities. In Clark's view, the route to a solution is not the issue – having the right tools really does mean you know the answers, just as much as already knowing the answer.
Rather than being forced to rely on our own resources for everything, we can share our knowledge. Technology keeps track of things for us so we don't have to, while large systems of knowledge serve the needs of society as a whole. I don't know how a computer works, or how to grow vegetables, but that knowledge is out there and I can get to benefit. The internet provides even more potential to share this knowledge. Wikipedia is one of the best examples – an increasingly large database of knowledge from which everyone can benefit.
So as well as having a physical environment – like the rooms or buildings we live or work in – we also have a mental environment, which means that when I ask you where your mind is, you shouldn’t point toward the centre of your forehead. As research shows, our minds are made up just as much by the people and tools around us as they are by the brain cells inside our skull.
小題1:Why did the writer raise the questions in Paragraph 1?
A．To find out who has played James Bond in the movies.
B．To introduce the topic to be discussed in the passage.
C．To show that he knows the answer to the questions.
D．To attract readers’ attention by mentioning James Bond.
小題2:What is the writer’s attitude towards the rise of technologies like Google and Wikipedia?
A．Supportive B．Objective C．Indifferent D．Neutral
小題3: Which of the following might the philosopher Andy Clark agree with?
A．Intelligence is something that is made by one’s brain itself.
B．Intelligence is something that only happens inside one’s head.
C．Intelligence is the product of one’s inner thoughts alone.
D．Intelligence is a mixture of the environment, people and one’s brain cells.
小題4:It is true about the phenomenon called “change blindness” that human beings____.
A．a(chǎn)re stupid not to notice the changes
B．a(chǎn)re efficient in mental work
C．a(chǎn)re blind to changes around them
D．rely on memory when dealing with things
小題5:According to the text, how do technologies like Google, Wikipedia affect us?
A．They make us much more intelligent.
B．They make us lazier and more stupid.
C．They have little to do with our intelligence.
D．They have a negative effect on our intelligence.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet （彗星）is heading towards the earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the earth.
On 17 July, a piece of 4 kilometers wide comet enters the Earth’s atmosphere with a massive explosion（爆炸）. About half of the piece is destroyed, but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound. The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the seabed. Huge waves are created and spread outwards form the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned（淹死）.
Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet lands in Argentina. Earthquakes and volcanoes ash set off in the Andes Mountains. The shock waves move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes. Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead, but the north won’t escape for long. Because of the explosions, the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world fall to almost zero. Crops are ruined. The sun won’t be seen again for many years. Wars break out as countries fight for food. A year later, no more than 10 million people remain alive.
Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the earth. The dinosaurs were on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space. The dinosaurs couldn’t live through the cold climate that followed and they died out. Will we meet the same end?
小題1:What is mainly described in the passage?
A．A historic discovery.
B．An event in imagination.
C．A research on space.
D．A scientific adventure.
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A．a(chǎn)n earthquakeB．hunger
C．a(chǎn)n Earth explosionD．huge waves
小題3:Why can’t the northern half of the earth escape for long?
A．Because the land is covered with water.
B．Because the light and heat form the sun cannot reach the earth.
C．Because people there cannot live at the temperature of zero.
D．Because wars break out among countries.
小題4:By giving the example of dinosaurs, the author tries to prove_________.
A．a(chǎn)nimals could not live in the cold climate
B．what happened 65 million years ago was an invented story
C．the human beings will die out in 2094
D．the Earth could be hit by other objects in space

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There have been big changes in the attitudes of most parents over the last few years. Physical punishment is banned in schools in most countries, and in many countries, there are moves to ban all physical punishment of children even at home. However, many parents still believe that they have the right to use some physical punishments to deal with certain misbehavior at certain ages.
It’s easy to find reasons to allow some physical punishments. One issue is that many parents find it very difficult to abandon physical punishment completely. Parents argue that this was the way they were brought up and that it didn’t do any harm to them. They believe that for the child’s sake they have the right to discipline the child in any way they consider fit, including using some physical punishments. The other one is that physical punishment can be quick and effective. There is not much point reasoning with a screaming child in the supermarket.
However, there are several reasons why we should stop using physical punishment. One point is that most parents are not trained to deal with misbehaving children. They don’t have enough resources or choices to handle the situation. As a result, they immediately react by hitting the child even if there are other solutions to the problem. Another point is that unless people are challenged or forced to change their belief, they may keep following negative habits. An example is seat belt use —now most people wear seat belts without thinking, while years ago the idea of using seat belts was strange to most people. In the same way, banning physical punishment will force people to change their habits.
In conclusion, parents have to change some of their belief and ideas about how children should be raised. It is possible to avoid the use of physical force, and doing so will help us move closer to the dream of removing violence from our society.
小題1:According to the first paragraph, many parents think that ____________.
A．they are free to use physical punishment on their children
B．most of the children behave badly in their daily life
C．they have changed their attitudes towards their children
D．physical punishment is effective to educate their children
小題2:Many parents won’t give up physical punishment because _____________.
A．they are disappointed with their children
B．they were brought up just in the same way
C．they don’t want to hurt their children badly
D．they don’t know what to do with their children
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A．most people are used to wearing seat belts
B．it’s not difficult to change some negative habits
C．seat belts are really very necessary and useful
D．people won’t change their old habits unless forced
小題4:The main purpose of the author in writing this passage is to ____________.
A．talk about a ban on using physical punishment
B．tell us we should educate our children in other ways
C．a(chǎn)dvise parents to give up using physical punishment
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Going back to school is a very exciting event for my two boys. It means getting new school bags and books, and seeing friends again after the summer holiday.
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For the last three years, school was a nightmare for many children and their parents as violence increased and there were more attacks on schools and teachers. As a result, many parents prevented their children from going to school. One of six children in this country did not attend primary school in 2009. Many kids who did attend school were accompanied by a parent for the entire day to make sure nothing happened to their children.
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Most of the merchants who sell notebooks and pens now sell their products out on the street instead of in stores. They sit on the ground and lay their items on the ground or they have a small table to sell their goods.
The bags cost between $10 and $20, while clothes and shoes cost between $20 and $30. I found all the things I needed for my sons and even bought something for myself. I spent about $50 on each of them, including school uniforms.
At the end of the day, we returned to our home carrying many shopping bags filled with items that made my children happy and excited to go back to school. I just hope this school year will be a peaceful one.
小題1:The author’s children are ________ to go to school.
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小題2:The underlined word “nightmare” is the closest in meaning to ________.
A．fantasyB．dream worldC．prisonD．terrible situation
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A．the terrible education systemB．security problems and poverty
C．parents’ distrust in schoolsD．the government’s inability
小題4:As a parent, the author ________.
A．is unable to afford his kids’ schoolingB．is unwilling to send his kids to school
C．hopes his kids have a happy school lifeD．complains school education costs too much
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A．Many parents prevented their children from going to school for great study pressure.
B．School bags, note books and other items(商品) are given to those living in poor neighborhoods for free.
C．The author spent about $100 for her two sons.
D．The items the author bought made her children happy and excited to go back to school.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

If you are planning to learn a foreign language, here are some suggestions about language learning. I hope these suggestions can help improve your learning of a foreign language
Try to set aside some time every day for your study when your brain is at the most time for receiving information. It’s better to study for 30 minutes every day than for 3 hours once a week. If you can spare two or three hours a day, break them up into some periods to avoid brain getting tired.
Go over each lesson several times, perhaps once in the morning, once in the evening and once several days later. Give your brain time to understand the material, but the break between periods of study shouldn’t be too long, or you will forget most of what you’ve learned.
Make sure you’re comfortable with the bases of the language before learning the more advanced knowledge. Without full understanding of basic knowledge such as words pronunciation and spelling, you’ll find it very difficult to learn more.
Setting proper targets is a good way to encourage yourself. You could set yourself a time limit or aim for a certain level.
Once you have mastered the bases of the language, learn to apply them to the things that you’re interested in. In this way you are more likely to remember the words, phrases and grammatical constructions you meet.
You will find that at times you’re making rapid progress, while sometimes you seem to stand still or even go backwards. This is normal when learning a language, so don’t be discouraged.
Making mistakes in a foreign language is nothing to worry about. What matters is getting your message across, not whether you use all the right words, tenses, cases, etc. If you cannot think of the exact words, try using other ones.
小題1:What is the best time plan for studying a foreign language ?
A．A long period every day.B．Several short periods every day.
C．A long period once a week.D．Several short periods a week.
小題2:The break between periods of study shouldn’t be too long, because ___________.
A．you will be unable to go over a lesson for several times
B．you will be too tired to continue your study
C．you will waste a lot of time for study
D．you will forget what you are trying to learn easily
小題3:If you don’t fully understand the basic knowledge, you will ____________.
A．be unable to go on with your studyB．be uncomfortable with yourself
C．feel it very difficult to learn moreD．stop learning more in a short time
小題4:According to the author, which of the following is NOT true ?
A．Setting a goal can help you make rapid progress.
B．you should use what you’ve learned frequently to remember them.
C．Sometimes you may not make any progress.
D．Mistakes are quite normal in learning a language.
小題5:The purpose of this passage is ____________.
A．to give some advice on foreign language learning
B．to help students get high marks in foreign language exam
C．to encourage more people to learn foreign languages
D．to comfort those who don’t learn foreign languages well

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Summer school is something a kid will never forget. For some, it’s a way to advance past their classmates. For most, summer school is a requirement in order to graduate with their classmates. I can remember being forced into taking a summer school course. It was not the school that forced me into this awkward situation; it was my mother.
I was a 16-year-old kid in a new school. My school did not offer summer courses so I had to take my course at an alternative school in the city. It was an experience I will never forget. I was not concerned with making friends. I was there to get credit (學(xué)分) for a course that I should have received credit for the previous semester. It was my doing that landed me in the situation and it was important that I understood this.
The fees were lowest but the experience was amazing. I enjoyed. I didn’t miss the day. The course was from Monday to Friday for an entire month. I passed the course with an A. I was thrown into an awkward situation and actually enjoyed it. My friends didn’t even know I took the course. Most of them were still sleeping by the time my course ended each day.
Awkward situations are so important for personal growth. This situation made me feel more independent. I made friends. I finally understood what sacrifice and hard work were all about. While attending college, I remembered how much I enjoyed summer school and I chose to take summer school in my first three years of college. Some kids get pushed too much but some don’t get pushed enough. I was never pushed enough.
Enable your children to struggle for success. If your child needs summer school you explain to them why it’s important. Some parents are surprised by the situation and may want to be more involved in their children’s education. Follow through and follow up.
小題1:Most students go to the summer school in order to ______.
A．find good jobs after graduationB．become top students in their class
C．have a chance to make more friendsD．graduate successfully on time
小題2:What made the author go to summer school for the first time?
A．What he had done .B．His mother’s wish.
C．His own requirement.D．Study competition.
小題3:Which of the following was NOT the benefit got by the author through attending summer school?
A．It helped him get rid of bad habits.
B．It helped him make new friends.
C．It helped him understand what sacrifice and hard work were.
D．It increased his independence.
小題4:From the last paragraph we can learn that the author ______.
A．does not like summer school at all even though it is useful
B．thinks summer school is unnecessary for children
C．encourages parents to make their children attend summer school
D．is against forcing children to attend summer school
小題5:What does the author think of summer school?
A．He thinks it is awkward.B．He thinks it is significant.
C．He doesn’t think it is suitable.D．He thinks nothing of it.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

B
As an effect of the high fuel prices spent on bus transportation, some American schools are changing to a four-day week. That means longer days instead of the traditional Monday through Friday schedule.
Having been approved for three years and beginning in the fall, students in the Maccray school district in Minnesota will be in school from Tuesday to Friday. Each school day will be 65 minutes longer. Officials say the district expects to save about sixty-five thousand dollars a year in transportation costs.
In new Mexico, the first school district changed to a four-day week in 1974 because of the Arab oil boycott(抵制). Now, 17 out of 89 districts use it.
In Custer, South Dakota, students have been going to school four days a week since 1995. Superintendent Tim Creal says the change has saved about one million dollars over just the past eight years. He sees other benefits, too. Students get more instructional time, and activities that used to take up class time are now held on non-school days. He says that in the future, the growth of online classes could make it possible to require even fewer days in school. High fuel prices are driving college students to take more online classes.
A four-day school week sounds like a great idea for students and teachers, but working parents may have to pay for child care for that fifth day.
小題1:According to Tim Creal, what makes it possible to have even fewer days in school?
A．The increasing number of private tutors.(私人教師)
B．The development of teaching methods.
C．The increase in the number of online classes.
D．The growth in the income of Americans.
小題2: It can be learned from the passage that______
A．students will be in school from Monday to Tuesday.
B．four-day week was first carried out in South Dakota.
C．Maccray will save one million dollars every year.
D．Minnesota state has approved the four-day week plan
小題3:The passage is mainly about______
A．some school’s four-day week planB．districts using a four-day week.
C．how to save on transportation fees.D．expense of school transportation.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In my long years of teaching, I often ask my students to read the texts until they can recite them, and I tell them that recitation is an important part of their homework. However, some of my students are tired of doing so, thinking that it is both hard and useless. They argue that it takes a long time to recite a text from memory and text itself never appears in a test paper.
In my opinion, it naturally takes time to recite a text, but it is worth doing so. When you are able to recite a text, you are sure to be familiar with the words and expressions. When you need them in reading or writing or doing exercises, they will come to your mind quickly, and so you will give quick response to all kinds of language situation. How can we say that it is useless?
Besides, many students complain that they soon forget what they were once able to recite. This is true, but you don’t need to worry. While you are reading and forgetting the texts, your language   level is being raised. Sure you don’t remember your Chinese texts that you once read in the primary school, but now you are able to read novels and newspaper. So, recitation of the texts will help you improve your language ability.
小題1:The writer often asks his students to recite the texts, __________.
A．But they don’t like to do so
B．And they are eager to do so.
C．But they wrote a letter to the Department of the Education reporting the thing.
D．But they do more exercises instead of reciting the texts.
小題2:What do the students think about the teacher’s advice?_______
A．The English teacher tries his best to help them with English
B．The English teacher is very kind to them.
C．The English teacher asks them to do something useless.
D．The English teacher should let them study on their own.
小題3:According to the text, which of the following is correct_________.
A．The teacher thinks the students are too naughty to learn english well.
B．The students think they spend a lot of time in reciting the texts and get nothing.
C．The students say that they often forget the words.
D．The students take no interest in English.
小題4:When the students are against his suggestion, the writer_______.
A．often criticizes them
B．patiently explains to them why they should recite the texts
C．wants to give up his idea
D．is afraid that he is criticized by the headmaster.
小題5:Why does the writer suggest that the students recite the text?_____.
A．Reciting the texts can improve the ability of applying English.
B．Reciting the texts is the bestway of learning English.
C．The students should remember all the texts that the teacher has taught them.
D．Reciting the texts can greatly improve the classroom teaching

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