【題目】短文改錯

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除:把多余的詞用斜線 (\)劃掉。

修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞。

2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。

SQ3R stand for five steps in the reading process: Survey, Question, Read, Review and Recite. The first step is survey, which helps you to predict how the author is going to say. The second step is question, which means to form questions basing on your survey. The third step is read and note something down. You’d better take note or underline something importantly while reading. The fourth step is review, which means to go over the text check your understanding and try to answer for all the questions you’ve written down while reading. The fifth step is recite, which means to make the summary of the reading in your own words. You can be sure you have understood the text although you can recite them without referring to the notes.

【答案】

【1】stand--stands

【2】how--what

【3】basing--based

【4】note--notes

【5】importantly--important

【6】text后加to

【7】for去掉

【8】the--a

【9】although--if/when

【10】them--it

【解析】

【1】stand--stands stand for意為代表,主語SQ3R是第三人稱單數(shù)形式,所以動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。故把stand改成stands。

【2】how--what 考查疑問詞+不定式的用法。What the author is going to say意為作者將要說什么,故把how改成what。

【3】basing--based 考查后置定語。based是分詞,表示被動。句意:根據(jù)你的調(diào)查形成問題。故把basing改成based。

【4】note--notes take notes是固定搭配,意為記筆記,故把note改成notes。

【5】importantly--important 考查不定代詞+形容詞的用法,important意為重要的,句意:在閱讀的時候你最好記一下筆記或者把重要的東西劃起來,故把importantly改成important。

【6】text后加to 考查不定式的用法。不定式to do可表示目的。句意:第四步是復習鞏固,這意味著復習課文來檢查你的理解。故在text后加to。

【7】for去掉 answer意為回答,answer all the questions意為回答所有問題,故去掉for。

【8】the--a 考查冠詞。The通常是特指的內(nèi)容,a是泛指的內(nèi)容,make a summary意為做一個概括,故把the改成a。

【9】although--if/when 考查連詞的用法。句意:如果/當你不看著筆記能把文章復述出來,說明你已經(jīng)理解了這篇文章。故把although改成if或者when。

【10】them--it 考查代詞的用法。此處指代the text,是單數(shù),所以代詞用it。故把them改成it。

【學法指導】

在短文改錯中常出現(xiàn)的錯誤主要有以下幾類:

1. 名詞單復數(shù)用錯。比如第4句Youd better take note or underline something importantly while reading.中take notes應該用復數(shù),故把note改成notes。

2. 動詞:時態(tài)和語態(tài),常出現(xiàn)在總體時態(tài)為過去或現(xiàn)在時,中間雜有不適的另一時態(tài)的現(xiàn)象;或是及物動詞后無賓語,或是不及物動詞后加了賓語;連詞用錯誤。比如第9題,表示如果用if,表示當時用when,而although放在此處不合適,故把although改成if或者when。

3. 形容詞副詞:常出現(xiàn)需形容詞的地方用了副詞或相反,比如第5題importantly應該改成important。

4. 介詞:主要是介詞的多余或缺失,錯用。比如第7題,回答問題直接用answer questions表達,不需要介詞for,故把for去掉。

5. 主謂一致性:第三人稱單數(shù)漏掉s,或主語為復數(shù),謂語動詞用了單數(shù);再就是就近原則對主語的影響。

6. 冠詞:定冠詞the的多余、缺失或者錯用,如季節(jié),月份,星期,球類及三餐活動,稱呼頭銜前等不能加the的地方加了the,一些地方用a/an的用成了the。比如第7句,make a summary意為做一個概括,故把the改成a。

7. 數(shù)詞:主要是序數(shù)詞與基數(shù)詞的混用和錯用。

9. 代詞:主要是代詞的格與數(shù)的錯用。如男性用了女性代詞,單數(shù)用了復數(shù)代詞或相反;應當用形容詞性的物主代詞用了賓格,主格或相反,關系代詞的錯用或缺失。如第10題,指代the text應用單數(shù)代詞it指代,而不能用them。

10. 常用固定短語或固定用法及句型用錯。

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