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3.In modern society loneliness can be seen as a social phenomenon and people can experience loneliness for many reasons.It is a very common,though normally temporary,consequence of a breakup,divorce,or loss of any important long-term relationship.In these cases,loneliness may result both from the loss of a specific person or from dropping out of social circles.The loss of a significant person in one's life will typically lead to a grief response; in this situation,one might feel lonely,even while in the company of others.
There are many different ways used to treat loneliness.The first step that most doctors recommend to patients is treatment.Short term treatment typically occurs over a period of ten to twenty weeks.During treatment,emphasis is put on understanding the cause of the problem,thoroughly changing the negative thoughts,feelings,and attitudes resulting from the problem,and exploring ways to help the patient feel connected.Some doctors also recommend group treatment a means to connect with other sufferers and establish a support system.
Another treatment is animal-assisted treatment.Studies and surveys indicate that the presence of animal companions such as dogs,cats,rabbits,and guinea pigs can ease feelings of loneliness or depression among some sufferers.Beyond the companionship the animal itself provides there may also be increased opportunities for socializing with other pet owners.Results of a study also suggest that correcting improper social cognition (認知) offers the best chance of reducing loneliness.
However,loneliness can sometimes play an important role in the creative process.In some people,temporary or prolonged loneliness can lead to remarkable artistic and creative expression,for example,as was the case with poet Emily Dickinson,and many musicians.This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensures this creativity,rather,it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals engaged in creative activities.

43.According to the passage,what can lead to lonelinessB?
A.Running away from the school. 
B.Losing long-term friendship.
C.A specific person's marriage. 
D.A company's closing down.
44.What's the purpose of the passageD?
A.To explain why people feel lonely.
B.To introduce the cures for loneliness.
C.To show results of a survey.
D.To make people know more about loneliness.
45.Compared with group treatment,what is the key to short-term treatmentD?
A.To set up a support system by contacting other sufferers.
B.To take anti-depressant medicine and switch it periodically.
C.To change patients'attitude towards loneliness.
D.To raise the awareness of the cause of the problem.
46.Why does the author take the example of Emily DickinsonA?
A.Because loneliness may contribute to arts creation in some ways.
B.Because loneliness itself was present when Emily Dickinson wrote a poem.
C.Because people can feel whether a person is lonely in his artworks.
D.Because in the creative process,loneliness can be treated.

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章向我們介紹了什么是孤獨,以及治療孤獨的短期和長期的不同,同時向我們說明孤獨可能會在某些方面有助于藝術創(chuàng)作,作者寫這篇文章是為了使更多的人了解孤獨.

解答 43.B  細節(jié)理解題,根據第一段It is a very common,though normally temporary,consequence of a breakup,divorce,or loss of any important long-term relationship.可知失去長期的友誼會使人感到孤獨,故選B.
44.D  主旨大意題,通讀全文可知在本文中作者向我們介紹了什么是孤獨,因此作者寫這篇文章是為了使更多的人了解孤獨,故選D.
45.D  推理判斷題,根據第二段During treatment,emphasis is put on understanding the cause of the problem,thoroughly changing the negative thoughts,feelings,and attitudes resulting from the problem,and exploring ways to help the patient feel connected.可知短期治療的關鍵是要提高對問題原因的認識,故選D.
46.A  細節(jié)理解題,根據最后一段for example,as was the case with poet Emily Dickinson,and many musicians.This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensures this creativity,rather,it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals engaged in creative activities.可知作者以艾米莉•狄金森為例是為了向我們說明孤獨可能會在某些方面有助于藝術創(chuàng)作,故選A.

點評 考查學生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力.做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進行比較,再做出正確選擇.在做推理判斷題時不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.

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