Question

Eating a diet high in processed（經(jīng)過(guò)加工的） food increases the risk of depression（抑郁）, research suggests. What's more, people who ate plenty of vegetables, fruit and fish actually had a lower risk of depression, the University College London team found.
Data on diet among 3,500 middle-aged civil servants were compared with their emotional state five years later, a British journal reported. They split the participants（參與者） into two types of diet--those who ate a diet largely based on whole food，which includes lots of fruit, vegetables and fish，and those who ate a mainly processed food diet, such as sweetened desserts, fried food, processed meat，refined（精制的） grains and high fat dairy products After accounting for factors such as gender, age, education, physical activity, smoking habits and chronic(慢性的) diseases, they found a significant difference in the future depression risk with the different diets.
Those who ate the most wholefood（全天然食物） had a 26% lower risk of future depression than those who ate the least wholefood. By contrast, people with a diet high in processed food had a 58％ higher risk of depression than those who ate a diet low in processed foods.
Study author Dr. Archana Singh Manoux pointed out there was a chance that the finding could be explained by lifestyle factor they had not accounted for.（解釋原因） He also pointed in a paper that a Mediterranean(地中海) diet was associated（有關(guān)） with a lower risk of depression, but the problem with that is if you live in Britain, the likelihood （可能）of you eating a Mediterranean diet is not very high.
Dr．Andrew McCulloeh, chief executive of the Mental Health Foundation, said, this study adds to an existing body of solid research that shows the strong links between what we eat and our mental health.
He added people's diets were becoming increasingly unhealthy. The UK population is consuming （消費(fèi)）less nutritious, fresh produce and more saturated（飽和） fats and sugars.
【小題1】The text is mainly about______.

A．the increasingly unhealthy diet of the UK population

B．the link between processed food and depression

C．the relationship between physical and mental health

D．the emotional state of the British People

【小題2】What can we learn from what Dr. Archana Singh Manoux said?

A．It is difficult for most British people to have a Mediterranean diet.

B．The Mediterranean diet is the most healthy in the world.

C．Many studies have been done on the Mediterranean diet before.

D．The Mediterranean diet is not good for depression.

【小題3】Dr. Andrew McCulloch agrees that______.

A．our diets are closely related to our mental health

B．the present study needs more facts and other information

C．the UK population will become ill in the near future

D．more saturated fats and sugars should be taken in

【小題4】Why might the author have written this text?

A．To tell people what a healthy diet actually is.

B．To prove people’s diets are increasingly unhealthy.

C．To encourage people to cut down on processed food.

D．To introduce some experts on the research team.

Answer 1

【小題1】B
【小題2】A
【小題3】A
【小題4】C

解析試題分析：這篇文章通過(guò)研究表明使用經(jīng)過(guò)高加工的食物能增加患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，我們的飲食與我們的精神健康也有密切的聯(lián)系。
【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一段第一句Eating a diet high in processed（經(jīng)過(guò)加工的） food increases the risk of depression（抑郁）, research suggests.研究表明，食用經(jīng)過(guò)高加工的食物會(huì)增加患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，后文詳細(xì)介紹了兩者之間的實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比及影響�？芍�，本文主要講的是加工食品和抑郁癥之間的關(guān)系。故選B
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)題。由第四段第二句He also pointed in a paper that a Mediterranean(地中海) diet was associated（有關(guān)） with a lower risk of depression, but the problem with that is if you live in Britain, the likelihood （可能）of you eating a Mediterranean diet is not very high.
Dr. Archana Singh Manoux在論文中指出，患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較低和地中海的食物有關(guān)，但問(wèn)題是，如果你居住在英國(guó)，你食用地中海食物的可能性不是非常高，故對(duì)大多數(shù)英國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)，有地中海飲食是困難的。故選A。文中并未說(shuō)明地中海食物是世界最健康的，沒(méi)有比較關(guān)系。
【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)題。由第五段Dr．Andrew McCulloeh, chief executive of the Mental Health Foundation, said, this study adds to an existing body of solid research that shows the strong links between what we eat and our mental health. Dr．Andrew McCulloeh這項(xiàng)研究表明我們所吃的和我們的心理健康之間有著緊密的關(guān)系。故選A
【小題4】主旨題。作者寫(xiě)本文的目的是想鼓勵(lì)人們應(yīng)少食用高加工食品。文章整個(gè)圍繞加工食品會(huì)增加人們患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)這個(gè)主題來(lái)行文，所以答案中必須提到加工食品的相關(guān)論點(diǎn)。故選C
考點(diǎn)：說(shuō)明文
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文屬于科普類(lèi)文體，對(duì)于此類(lèi)文章的閱讀，由于出現(xiàn)的人物較多同時(shí)會(huì)有很多的生詞匯，對(duì)解題會(huì)存在一定的難度。建議在答題時(shí)，注意文章的第一段和每段的第一句話(huà)，往往就是主旨段或句，把握好文章說(shuō)明的實(shí)質(zhì)內(nèi)容，對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)題可以到文章中找相對(duì)應(yīng)的地方，對(duì)于主旨題需要包含文章主要說(shuō)明的主題中的關(guān)鍵字，這樣才能有效的答題。